scholarly journals Separated by common methods? Researchers and journalists doing expertise

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 489-505
Author(s):  
Minna Nikunen ◽  
Päivi Korvajärvi ◽  
Tuija Koivunen
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Academic Researchers ◽  
End Products ◽  
Asking Questions

In this article, we address emerging tensions between researchers and journalists in our research project on formations of new divisions among young adults in Finland. We focus on interviewing as a method of data gathering, and on framing as a method of presenting research results. Writing from the point of view of academic researchers, our analysis shows that journalists’ and researchers’ ways of doing expertise, such as techniques for asking questions, reflections on interview sensitivities, anticipated end products or the conceptual framing of the collected data, differ from each other. At the conclusion of our analysis, we reflect on the affectivity of expert work and cooperation, and on the role of affects in bringing the moral orders of different forms of expertise to the surface.

Human Flourishing as an Aim of Education

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doret de Ruyter ◽  
Lynne Wolbert
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Political Community ◽  
Human Flourishing ◽  
Asking Questions ◽  
Societal Level ◽  
Vulnerability Theory ◽  
Teachers And Parents

Human flourishing has gained and is gaining popularity as an overarching ideal aim of education. Influential advocates of educational theories on flourishing are, among others, Harry Brighouse, Kristján Kristjánsson, Doret de Ruyter, and John White. Most contemporary theories on flourishing hark explicitly or implicitly back to Aristotle’s theory about eudaimonia. Aristotle constructed his theory as an answer to the question of what is the ultimate aim of a human life and defined it as acting virtuously. Contemporary theorists define it in somewhat wider terms, namely as a successful, morally good, happy, and well-balanced life. A theory on human flourishing is regarded as an objective well-being theory, that is, it describes from an objective point of view rather than a person’s subjective evaluation what it means to live one’s life well. Flourishing as an ideal aim of education has implications for the education and upbringing of children. Teachers and parents need to know what constitutes a flourishing life, what contributes to it and what does not, and they are expected to act in a way that enables children to lead a flourishing life (in the future). This, however, raises, several issues. Firstly, there are different ideas (of philosophers of education) as to what flourishing precisely means and therefore also different views on the role of schools and how they should aim for the flourishing of children: for instance, whether there should be a course on living a good life, or whether education for flourishing should permeate the entire curriculum and school ethos. Secondly, it could be objected that aiming for flourishing implies aiming for perfection and that this is not only detrimental to the well-being of children, but also too demanding for parents (and teachers). With regard to the well-being of children it is, however, possible to refer to empirical research that shows that when educators aim for self-oriented perfectionism (i.e., that children are themselves convinced that it is good to strive for perfectionism rather than having to do so to gain approval), they actually contribute to the well-being of children. With regard to the demands against parents it can be argued that in addition to their responsibilities regarding the interests of children to be able to live a flourishing life, parenting (well) is an important aspect of a flourishing life of many adults. Thirdly, it could be objected that focusing on the ideal aim of flourishing does not sufficiently take into account the differences in “luck” in individual lives and inequalities on a societal level, that is, human vulnerability. Theory on education for flourishing therefore does well not to overestimate the influence of parents and educators to equip children to live flourishing lives and needs to keep asking questions such as, for example, what role the (political) community plays in enabling all children to have the chance to lead a flourishing life.

scholarly journals O escritor e seu ofício: em busca da Teoria da Literatura

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-198
Author(s):  
Marcus Vinicius Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Literary Theory ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Narrative Fiction ◽  
Personal Interest ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Narrative Tradition ◽  
Personal Reflections ◽  
Professional Critics

Resumo: O presente artigo constitui a formulação das hipóteses e das linhas de análise de uma pesquisa sobre os elementos de teoria da literatura constantes das reflexões de diversos escritores da literatura brasileira sobre o ofício de escritor. O corpus da pesquisa inclui tanto poetas quanto prosadores de ficção, num arco temporal que vai do século XIX à contemporaneidade, com vista ao levantamento de reflexões e posições autorais sobre temas que se agrupam em dois campos, correspondentes à poesia e à prosa de ficção, respectivamente: a) inspiração poética, uso de formas fixas e ritmos, versificação, conceito de poesia, conceito de lírica, poesia e invenção, poesia e  tradição, poesia e outras artes, papel social do poeta, poesia e tradução; b) narrador, ponto de vista, conceitos de tempo e de espaço ficcionais, construção de personagens, construção autoral, representação da realidade na ficção, gêneros narrativos, literatura de ficção e outras artes, ficção e história, tradições narrativas, papel social do prosador de ficção, narrativa e tradução. O corpus privilegia autores que não tenham sido ou não sejam críticos profissionais, mas atém-se àqueles que, num momento eventual de suas trajetórias, sentiram a necessidade de fazer reflexões sobre o próprio ofício, seja através de livros especificamente dedicados ao tema e suas subdivisões, seja através de cartas, prefácios, memórias, crônicas, conferências ou entrevistas. O objetivo último do trabalho é o de construir uma visão geral dos problemas específicos da disciplina Teoria da Literatura através das reflexões dos escritores.Palavras-chave: ofício do escritor, teoria da literatura, elementos da poesia, elementos da narrativa.Abstract: The present paper displays the main hypotesis and approaches for a research project about elements of literary theory gathered from personal reflections made by several Brazilian writers on the task of writer. The scope includes poets as well as fictional writers ranking from XIXth century up to the present time. The project aims at taking into consideration authoral reflections concerned to two distinct fields, linked to poetry and narrative fiction respectively: a) poetic inspiration, use of poetical forms and rhythms,concept of poetry, concept of lyricism, invention and tradition, poetry and other arts, social role of poets, poetry and translation; b) narrator, narrative point-of-view, fictional time and space, character development, mimesis, narrative genres, novel and other arts, fiction and history, narrative tradition, social role of writers, translation. The research highlights poets and writers who have never been professional critics, focusing on those who, by chance or for personal interest, in a certain moment felt the necessity of reflecting on his/her own authorial work through personal letters, prefaces, memoirs, conferences, speeches, interviews or even books specifically dedicated to the theme. Evetually the present research project aims at building up a very course of Literary Theory throughout reflections brought up by poets and writers.Keywords: task of writer, literary theory, poetic elements, narrative elements.

scholarly journals PLACE AND ROLE OF "PREPARATION AND PRESENTATION OF RESEARCH RESULTS RESEARCH" DISCIPLINE IN TERMS OF TRAINING OF PH.D. WITHIN THE FIELD OF THE POSTGRADUATE HIGHER EDUCATION (RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS)

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Serhiy Lytvyn
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
Graduate School ◽  
Analytical Description ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Public Defense ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis

The purpose of the article is to highlight the place and role of the discipline "Preparation of a research project and presentation of research results" as part of the educational and scientific program of training doctors of philosophy in the graduate school of higher education (scientific institutions) and its importance in the acquisition of professional competencies, systems knowledge, and skills preparation of scientific research and presentation of its results. The methodology consists of the application of general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, generalization and abstraction, review-analytical, description, and comparison, which made it possible to identify the place and role of this discipline. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the generalization and systematization of knowledge about the discipline "Preparation of a research project and presentation of research results", in focusing on its features in terms of the present and prospects for its development. Conclusions. A feature of the discipline "Preparation of a research project and presentation of research results" is the consideration of all stages of preparation of graduate students: from admission to graduate school and choosing a dissertation research topic and to public defense of the dissertation and certification in the light of modern requirements. In the process of studying the course graduate students will be able to form a holistic view of science as a system of knowledge and tools of knowledge, to form views on the methodology of scientific knowledge, the essence of general and special methods and principles of research and presentation of their results.

scholarly journals The role of tag questions in medical encounters

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 208-218
Author(s):  
Danka Sinadinovic
Keyword(s):  
Medical Discourse ◽  
Medical Encounter ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Institutional Talk ◽  
Question Types ◽  
Patient Interaction ◽  
Asking Questions ◽  
Tag Questions

The discourse of medical encounters is deemed to be an excellent example of both institutional talk and discourse of power. Asking questions is probably the most prominent characteristic of doctor- patient interaction and this paper deals with tag questions as one of the question types that can be found in almost every medical encounter. We will explore tag questions by reviewing current research results in the field of medical discourse and by comparing and discussing examples from transcribed medical encounters in English and Serbian. It will be discussed how often tag questions are used in both corpora, whether doctors and patients use them in the same way and what role these questions have in a medical encounter. Finally, having in mind that getting to ask any question in institutional talk requires a certain amount of power, we will also try to determine if using tag questions affects doctor and patient?s positions in a medical encounter.

ACADEMIC RESEARCHERSMOTIVATION FACTORS: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (Number 1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Noorulsadiqin Azbiya Yaacob ◽  
Saida Farhanah Sarkam ◽  
Siti Norezam Othman
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Motivation Factors ◽  
Academic Researchers ◽  
University Settings ◽  
Malaysian Government

The Malaysian government has been striving to provide an environment conducive to research commercialisation in the country. Despite the efforts, the targeted research commercialisation rate has yet to be achieved. This paper explores the motivation of the academic researchers who had successfully commercialised their research.Literature classifies motivation factors as extrinsic, intrinsic, and prosocial, which might exist independently or in a combination (mixed-motivation). Within the academic research commercialisation context, a considerable number of existing studies have discussed the role of extrinsic motivation factors, while the issues of intrinsic andprosocial factors have not been much studied. Thus, this study proposed a conceptual framework to further understand the role of each motivation factor as well as the role of mixed-motivation factors among academic researchers who had successfully commercialised their research results. Finally, this research enriches the dearth of research commercialisation literature in Malaysian university settings.

scholarly journals Aggregated Roles of Smartphones in Young Adults’ Leisure and Well-Being: A Diary Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4133
Author(s):  
Anna Irimiás ◽  
Tamás Csordás ◽  
Kornélia Kiss ◽  
Gábor Michalkó
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Agenda Setter ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Relationship

Young adults spend most of their leisure time in the company of their smartphones. Drawing on the theory of digital well-being and on the concept of psychological sustainability, our aim is to investigate the relationship between digitalization-dominated leisure-time consumption to identify the aggregated roles of smartphones. We suggest that smartphones play different roles in young adults’ daily life. To test our predictions, we used a qualitative method, a two-day time-use diary with structured interviews; two sample groups were recruited for data gathering. The results of the content analysis and of the qualitative sentiment analysis show that mobile devices have a marked agenda-setter function, along with the functions of ‘separator’ and ‘enabler’. The use of smartphones leads to idleness and perceived timelessness while staying physically immobile. Results expand our knowledge on the aggregated role of smartphones in young adults’ activities. Wider society can benefit from the research findings, stimulating young adults to acknowledge the aggregated roles and functions of their smartphones and to develop their digital well-being.

scholarly journals Seen and unseen: using video data in ethnographic fieldwork

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Hackett ◽  
Steve Pool ◽  
Jennifer Rowsell ◽  
Barsin Aghajan
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Community Arts ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Content Type ◽  
School Settings ◽  
Project Site ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
International Research Project

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report on video making in two different contexts within the Community Arts Zone research project, an international research project concerned with the connections between arts, literacy and the community. Design/methodology/approach – At one project site, researchers and parents from the community filmed their children making dens with an artist. At another site, a professional film crew filmed young people engaged in arts practice in school settings. Findings – In both cases, researchers, artists and community participants collaborated to do research and make video. This paper discusses the ways that this work was differently positioned at the two sites. These different positionings had implications for the meaning ascribed to video making from the point of view of the participants, researchers and artists involved. Originality/value – By drawing on perspectives of researchers and artists, the paper explores implications for video making processes within ethnographic research. These include a need for awareness of the diversity and fragmentation of the fields of both visual research and visual arts practice. In addition, the relationship between research and the visual is unfolding in a context in which the digital is increasingly ubiquitous in everyday life. Therefore the authors argue for the need for researchers and artists to explore their epistemological assumptions with regards to video and film, and to consider the role of the digital in the lives of their participants. The coming together of these positions and experiences is what constructs the meaning of the digital and visual in the field.

scholarly journals Transformation and Contestation. Learning from Actors and Socio-political Engagements in Transformative Science

2021 ◽  
pp. 159-173
Author(s):  
Rosa Sierra
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Sustainability Research ◽  
The Social

AbstractThe chapter presents the design and content of a sustainability research project in the humanities and the social sciences, as well as some methodological and theoretical guidelines from two different transformational frameworks that were assessed in the project. It then outlines the tension that emerges when we consider transformation from the point of view of processes and try to integrate the role of agency, especially of actors that contest structures or processes rather than initiating or supporting them. It finally explores how this tension challenges the assessed frameworks and which aspects of them can be stressed in order to face the challenge.

Elucidation of block boundaries as the dissolution channels in hydrated cement

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 484-485
Author(s):  
N.V. Belov ◽  
U.I. Papiashwili ◽  
B.E. Yudovich
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Benzoyl Peroxide ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hardened Cement ◽  
Hydrated Cement ◽  
Hardened Cement Paste

It has been almost universally adopted that dissolution of solids proceeds with development of uniform, continuous frontiers of reaction.However this point of view is doubtful / 1 /. E.g. we have proved the active role of the block (grain) boundaries in the main phases of cement, these boundaries being the areas of hydrate phases' nucleation / 2 /. It has brought to the supposition that the dissolution frontier of cement particles in water is discrete. It seems also probable that the dissolution proceeds through the channels, which serve both for the liquid phase movement and for the drainage of the incongruant solution products. These channels can be appeared along the block boundaries.In order to demonsrate it, we have offered the method of phase-contrast impregnation of the hardened cement paste with the solution of methyl metacrylahe and benzoyl peroxide. The viscosity of this solution is equal to that of water.

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