scholarly journals Is there a relationship between implicit motives and eating action types: An exploratory study in Germany

2021 ◽  
pp. 146954052110139
Author(s):  
Lyn Lampmann ◽  
Agnes Emberger-Klein ◽  
Klaus Menrad
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Implicit Motives ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Initial Results ◽  
Insight Into

Investigating unconscious human behaviours is a complex issue, given that people have hardly access to their unconscious. Food-related behaviour is one of these behaviours in which the unconscious plays a central role. Therefore, the connection of the unconscious and food-related behaviour is difficult to comprehend. Hence, our exploratory study deals with the relationship between implicit motives as an important part of the unconscious and their relationship with food-related behaviour. For this purpose, we used the Operant Multi-Motive Test (OMT), which offers information about implicit motives of individuals. Based on 37 qualitative problem-centred interviews conducted in Bavaria, Germany, we identified seven eating action types that we combined with the results derived from the OMT. These deliver profound insights into how people eat due to their identity. The approach of this study is explorative and provides a first insight into a possible relationship between implicit motives and food-related behaviour that are presented descriptively. Our initial results show that a relationship between implicit motives and food-related behaviour can be assumed, although it cannot be directly deduced from the sole analysis of food-related behaviour. However, nutrition consultancies, food companies, policy makers and advisors may be interested in these insights related to understanding the impact of the unconscious on food-related behaviour.

Introduction: establishing the field of play

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
J. Simon Rofe
Keyword(s):  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
International System ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

The introduction to the book lays out the key arguments of sport and diplomacy. It explains the value of the field of study, and why it has emerged in the last five years, and the relationship between these two enduring features of the contemporary world. The sections of the book addressing ‘Concepts and History’, ‘Public Diplomacy’ and ‘No Sport as Diplomacy’ are laid out. Further, it keeps a firm focus on the impact of the relationship between sport and diplomacy on practitioners and policy makers. The introduction argues for the relevance of the whole volume as shedding new light on to question such as: How far has sport been materially overlooked in the relationship between states and diplomacy? To what extent does sport provide a lens upon the international system that gives insight into broader issues of diplomacy, particularly the discourses of Soft Power and Public Diplomacy?; and What is the future of the relationship between Sport and Diplomacy?

An Analytical Approach to Cruise Tourism As an Option For Development: a Case Study of the Sultanate of Oman

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-109
Author(s):  
Heba Aziz ◽  
Osman El-Said ◽  
Marike Bontenbal
Keyword(s):  
Capital City ◽  
Sultanate Of Oman ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Cruise Tourism ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Average Expenditure ◽  
Return Intention

The objective of this study was to measure the level of cruise tourists' satisfaction as well as the relationship between satisfaction, recommendation, return intention, and expenditure. Also, the impact of factors such as nationality, length of the visit, and age on the level of expenditure was measured. An empirical approach for data collection was followed and a total of 152 questionnaires were collected from cruise tourists visiting the capital city of Oman, Muscat, as cruise liners anchor at Sultan Qaboos Port. Results of the regression analysis supported the existence of a causal relationship between satisfaction with destination attributes, overall satisfaction, recommendation, return intention, and expenditure. It was found that the average expenditure varies according to age and length of the visit. Recommendations for policy makers were suggested on how to increase the role of cruise tourism in strengthening the economy.

The impact of tinnitus characteristics and associated variables on tinnitus-related handicap

2015 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Degeest ◽  
P Corthals ◽  
I Dhooge ◽  
H Keppler
Keyword(s):  
Additional Insight ◽  
Tinnitus Handicap Inventory ◽  
Hearing Status ◽  
Questionnaire Score ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sample Case ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Associated Variables

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to determine the characteristics of tinnitus and tinnitus-related variables and explore their possible relationship with tinnitus-related handicap.Methods:Eighty-one patients with chronic tinnitus were included. The study protocol measured hearing status, tinnitus pitch, loudness, maskability and loudness discomfort levels. All patients filled in the Tinnitus Sample Case History Questionnaire, the Hyperacusis Questionnaire and the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory. The relationship of each variable with the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory score was evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses.Results:Five univariables were associated with the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory score: loudness discomfort level, subjective tinnitus loudness, tinnitus awareness, noise intolerance and Hyperacusis Questionnaire score. Multiple regression analysis showed that the Hyperacusis Questionnaire score and tinnitus awareness were independently associated with the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory score.Conclusion:Hyperacusis and tinnitus awareness were independently associated with the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory score. Questionnaires on tinnitus and hyperacusis are especially suited to providing additional insight into tinnitus-related handicap and are therefore useful for evaluating tinnitus patients.

scholarly journals TARGETED ADVERTISING IN THE BREAKFAST CEREAL INDUSTRY

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSHUA BERNING ◽  
ADAM N. RABINOWITZ
Keyword(s):  
Product Differentiation ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Television Advertising ◽  
Breakfast Cereal ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Cereal Industry ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractWe examine the relationship of product characteristics of ready-to-eat breakfast cereal and targeted television advertising to specific consumer segments. We compile a unique data set that includes brand-packaging characteristics, including on-box games, nutrition information, and cobranding. We find that the relationship of television advertising and a cereal's brand-packaging characteristics varies by target audience. Our results provide insight into understanding how manufacturers strategically utilize branding, packaging, and television advertising. This can help industry and policy makers develop food product advertising policy. This analysis extends to other product markets where extensive product differentiation and promotion are present as well.

scholarly journals Unlocking Household Electricity Consumption in Pakistan

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 566
Author(s):  
Khuram Pervez Amber ◽  
Rizwan Ahmad ◽  
Mina Farmanbar ◽  
Muhammad Anser Bashir ◽  
Sajid Mehmood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Residential Sector ◽  
Average Family Size ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Conclusion Section ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

In Pakistan, data for household electricity consumption are available in the form of monthly electricity bills only, and, therefore, are not helpful in establishing appliance-wise consumption. Further, it does not help in establishing the relationship among the household electricity consumption and various driving factors. This study aimed to unlock the household electricity consumption in Pakistan by analyzing electricity bills and investigating the impact of various socioeconomic, demographic, and dwelling parameters and usage of different appliances. The methodology adopted in this study was survey-based data collection of the residential sector. For this purpose, data were collected from 523 dwellings through surveys and interviews in Mirpur city. The results of the data analysis revealed that the average household electricity consumption is 2469 kWh/year with an average family size of seven and an average floor area of 78.91 m2. Based on possession of various appliances, the households were categorized into four types and their consumption patterns were established and compared. Air Conditioned (AC) houses consume 44% more electricity compared to the non-AC houses, whereas an Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS) consumes electricity equivalent to an AC. The research findings are useful for policy makers and building designers and are discussed in the conclusion section.

Consumerism

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Ioanna Papasolomou
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Compulsive Buying ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sustainable Marketing ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

This chapter reveals that the term ‘consumerism' encompasses a number of meanings which create confusion regarding the term. The discussion that follows, attempts to distinguish the different perspectives regarding the term by presenting its historical development and discussing the three definitions that have marked it. It explores the relationship between consumerism, marketing and corporate social responsibility (CSR). The growth of consumerism has led to the over-use of marketing which provided a flourishing ground for compulsive buying and consumption. There is evidence in the literature to suggest that in an era of increasing social problems and environmental challenges, there is a need for CSR and sustainable marketing. In fact, the second definition of consumerism is inextricably linked with CSR and societal marketing. The chapter is conceptual in nature and provides an in-depth review and discussion of some fundamental dimensions associated to consumerism based on the existent literature. The overarching aim is to provide an insight into the evolution and growth of consumerism based on the existent literature related to the topic. The discussion also focuses on exploring the relationship between marketing and consumerism shedding light onto compulsive buying, consumer attitudes and concerns on the micro consumerism issues, sustainable consumption and sustainable marketing. The chapter proceeds to raise some concerns related to the impact of the global economic crisis on consumerism by using as an example Cyprus based on the author's observations and thoughts. The chapter concludes with a list of suggestions to practitioners and directions for future research.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Government Expenditures on Education and Economic Growth: The Case of Azerbaijan

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Shahriyar Mukhtarov ◽  
Ilkin Mammadov ◽  
Sugra Humbatova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Government Expenditures ◽  
Educational Investment ◽  
Concerted Effort ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper investigates the impact of government’s education expenditures, gross capital formation and total population on economic growth in Azerbaijan during 1995-2018 using the different cointegration methods, namely, ARDLBT, DOLS, and CCR. The results from cointegration methods approve presence of long-run relationship among the variables. The estimation results show that government’s expenditures on education, gross capital formation and total population have a positive and statistically significant impact on economic growth in the long-run. The paper concludes that a concerted effort should be made by policy makers to increase educational investment in order to escelate economic growth.

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on conventional work settings

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (9/10) ◽  
pp. 909-927
Author(s):  
Randa Diab-Bahman ◽  
Abrar Al-Enzi
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Crowd Sourcing ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

PurposeTo give insight into human resource (HR) policy makers of the impact of the abrupt change in working conditions as reported from their primary stakeholders – the employees.Design/methodology/approachReported from a first-person point of view, 192 employees from Kuwait who are currently working from home were surveyed as to how the lockdown circumstances have impacted their conventional work expectations. The study compares the old working conditions (OWC) to the current working conditions (CWC) to give insight into the overall sentiments of the abrupt changes to the workplace.FindingsIt was found that most employees agreed that OWC need to be reviewed, and that the general sentiment was almost equally split on the efficiency of CWC in comparison to OWC, yet the majority was enjoying the flexible conditions. Moreover, the majority of respondents found that overall conventional work elements either remained the same or had been impacted positively rather than negatively. Also, if given an option of a hybrid model inclusive of partly working remotely and partly working on-site, a considerable majority reported that they are able to efficiently conduct atleast 80% of their work expectation. Finally, it was found that employee expectation is changing as they consider post COVID-19 conditions.Research limitations/implicationsThis research was conducted using virtual crowd-sourcing methods to administer the survey and may have been enhanced should other methods have been integrated for data gathering. Also, a more comprehensive phenomenological approach could have been incorporated to add a qualitative method to the investigation. This could have freed the results of answer limitation and experience bias. Moreover, it is good practice to involve both quantitative and qualitative elements to any research when possible. Finally, future research can benefit from a bigger pool of participants so as to gain a clearer picture.Originality/valueThis research will give policy makers a look at what needs to be reviewed/changed for a successful roll-out of remote work in accordance with their original strategies.

scholarly journals Promoting the underestimated: A vignette study on the importance of the need for affiliation to successful leadership

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 641-656
Author(s):  
Barbara Steinmann ◽  
Anne Kleinert ◽  
Günter W. Maier
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Implicit Motives ◽  
Need For Affiliation ◽  
Vignette Study ◽  
Need For Power ◽  
Successful Leadership ◽  
Success Indicators ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Research on the relationship of implicit motives and effective leadership emphasises the importance of a socialised need for power, whereas high levels of the need for affiliation are assumed to thwart a leader’s success. In our study, we experimentally analysed the impact of leaders’ socialised need for power and their need for affiliation on perceptions of transformational leadership and various success indicators. Using paper-people vignettes, we contrasted leaders characterised by either motive with those concerned with personalised power or achievement. Results based on N = 80 employees show that leaders high in socialised power were rated more successful and elicited more identification and organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) in followers, and that in most cases this effect was mediated by perceptions of transformational leadership. For all outcomes but OCB, findings remained unchanged when affiliation-motivated leaders were considered. Exploratory analyses contrasting socialised power-motivated and affiliation-motivated leaders show that with regard to attitudinal outcomes affiliation-motivated leaders were, on average, as effective as socialised power-motivated ones.

Perceptions of the Significant Other of the Effects of Psychodynamic Psychotherapy

1996 ◽  
Vol 168 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Psychodynamic Psychotherapy ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Individual Psychotherapy ◽  
Significant Other ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundClinical practice suggests that partners of psychotherapy patients often have powerful feelings about the therapy and therapist. The repercussions of psychotherapy on those close to the patient are rarely considered. A small exploratory study was therefore conducted.MethodAll patients who had completed at least two months of weekly psychodynamic psychotherapy in 1990 at an out-patient unit of a psychiatric hospital (n = 35) and had a partner with whom they were living at the time of starting therapy (n = 23) were contacted. Eight gave permission for their partner to be contacted directly. All eight partners agreed to participate in a semi-structured interview exploring their perceptions of the effects of the therapy on a number of family relationships. The impact of the process of the study was also investigated by means of a questionnaire sent to all partners some weeks after the interview.ResultsConsiderable changes were perceived to have taken place in association with therapy affecting not only the relationship between the couple but also their parenting relationship, the children, and at times members of the extended family. Partners' views about the direction of such changes seemed to influence other perceptions about the therapy.ConclusionsThe repercussions of individual psychotherapy may well spread extensively within a family. This further blurs the boundary between individual and family therapy, both theoretically and clinically. Research procedures are themselves a major intervention and may have a considerable emotional impact on participants.

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