A Scoping Review of Resilience in Survivors of Human Trafficking

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802098556
Author(s):  
Logan Knight ◽  
Yitong Xin ◽  
Cecilia Mengo
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
National Origin ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Standardized Measures ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Current State ◽  
Case Files ◽  
Sexual Trafficking

Resilience is critical among survivors of trafficking as they are mostly vulnerable populations who face multiple adversities before, during, and after trafficking. However, resilience in survivors of trafficking is understudied. This scoping review aims to clarify the current state of knowledge, focusing on definitions of resilience, how resilience has been studied, and factors associated with resilience among survivors. Five databases were searched using key words related to trafficking and resilience. Studies were included if they were published in English between 2000 and 2019 and focused on resilience with the study design including at least one of these four features: (a) use of standardized measures of resilience, (b) qualitative descriptions of resilience, (c) participants were survivors or professionals serving survivors, and (d) data sources such as case files or program manuals directly pertained to survivors. Eighteen studies were identified. Findings indicated that resilience was primarily described as emergent from interactions between the survivor and the environment. Resilience in trafficking appeared largely similar to resilience in other kinds of victimization. Nonetheless, trafficking survivors also may display resilience in alternative ways such as refusing treatment. Positive interpersonal relationships were the most commonly mentioned resilience factor. In addition, current research lacks studies featuring longitudinal designs, interventions, participatory methods, types of trafficking other than sexual trafficking, and demographic characteristics such as age, gender, and national origin. Future research needs to establish definitions and measures of resilience that are culturally and contextually relevant to survivors and build knowledge necessary for designing and evaluating resilience-enhancing interventions.

Rethinking Older Adult Murder Victims: Looking Back at 25 Years of Homicide Studies to Inform Future Research Needs

2021 ◽  
pp. 108876792110469
Author(s):  
Lynn A. Addington
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Demographic Shift ◽  
Baby Boomer Generation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Murder Victims

Over the past 25 years, homicide researchers have largely ignored older adults. This pattern continues even in light of the ongoing demographic shift associated with the aging baby boomer generation. This article reflects on the current state of the literature and discusses areas in need of attention. Future research needs can be categorized into substantive and methodological issues. The insights gained by exploring these topics can generate nuanced explanations for fatal violence against older adults and support future evidence-based prevention policies.

scholarly journals Exploring The Interconnections Between Housing And Health: A Review Of The Canadian Literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dara Vlajkovic
Keyword(s):  
Academic Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Extensive Review ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Health Literature ◽  
Current State ◽  
Immigrant And Refugee ◽  
Existing Housing ◽  
Critical Overview

This paper reports on the current state of knowledge on the association between housing and health concerning immigrants and refugees in Canada, based on an extensive review of the literature. The aim of this literature review is to provide a critical overview of the existing housing and health literature that focuses specifically on immigrant and refugee settlement experiences in Canada. The key objectives of this review are to critically review academic and non-academic research from the housing and health literature published within the last 10 years, to identify research needs and gaps, and to provide recommendations for future research.

Reflections on interdisciplinary critical intellectual capital accounting research

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 2282-2306 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Dumay ◽  
James Guthrie
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Accounting Research ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Status

Purpose In 2001, the Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal (AAAJ) published a special issue entitled “Managing, measuring and reporting intellectual capital for the new millennium”. After 20 years, we revisit the eight articles in this special issue to trace early developments in interdisciplinary intellectual capital (IC) accounting research, link these developments to the current state of play, and set out an agenda for future research. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach This paper, written reflectively, includes an impact assessment of the articles using citation analysis and a thematic framing of the prominent issues they discussed. We critically reflect on the status of these eight foundational papers after 20 years, before presenting propositions for a multidisciplinary IC research future. Findings We find that IC research needs to extend beyond organisational boundaries to help improve human rights, human dignity and the human condition as part of the wider interdisciplinary accounting project. We argue that fifth stage IC research can assist because it explores beyond organisational boundaries and helps address the wicked problems of the world. Research limitations/implications This paper only investigates the themes found in the AAAJ special issue. However, the implications for researchers are intended to be transformational because, to go forward and help resolve the material issues facing society and the planet, researchers need to move from being observers to participants. Originality/value We argue that IC researchers must embrace both interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary IC research. This requires IC researchers to reflect on what they are trying to achieve and which issues facing the planet are material.

scholarly journals Exploring The Interconnections Between Housing And Health: A Review Of The Canadian Literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dara Vlajkovic
Keyword(s):  
Academic Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Extensive Review ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Health Literature ◽  
Current State ◽  
Immigrant And Refugee ◽  
Existing Housing ◽  
Critical Overview

This paper reports on the current state of knowledge on the association between housing and health concerning immigrants and refugees in Canada, based on an extensive review of the literature. The aim of this literature review is to provide a critical overview of the existing housing and health literature that focuses specifically on immigrant and refugee settlement experiences in Canada. The key objectives of this review are to critically review academic and non-academic research from the housing and health literature published within the last 10 years, to identify research needs and gaps, and to provide recommendations for future research.

scholarly journals Global Climate Implications for Homelessness: A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean A. Kidd ◽  
Susan Greco ◽  
Kwame McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Response Planning ◽  
Current State

AbstractHomelessness is a persistent global challenge with significant health impacts on those affected. Homeless people are by definition the most exposed to weather conditions and the social and economic problems caused by extreme weather and climate change and variability. This systematic review was designed to synthesize the academic literature that addresses the health and social implications of global climate change for homelessness. The question examined in this systematic scoping review is the following: What is the current state of knowledge in the scientific literature on the health and social implications of global climate change for homelessness? A systematic scoping review method was used to identify and synthesize the peer-reviewed literature relevant to this question. The databases searched were PsycINFO, Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Of the 26 papers identified in this review, 20 employed original data analyses with conclusions largely inferred from cross-sectional associations. Themes included the potential influence of climate change on homelessness prevalence, climate impacts that exacerbate specific vulnerabilities of homeless populations (e.g., chronic illness, exposure, stigmatization), and health and social outcomes. Service use and design implications were also addressed. Given the scale of the impacts of climate change on homelessness, the literature on this topic poses promising directions but is under-developed in its current state to adequately inform risk mitigation and response planning. A systems framework is proposed here to inform future research and service design.

scholarly journals Criminal justice responses to child sexual abuse material offending: a systematic review and evidence and gap map

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Eggins ◽  
Lorraine Mazerolle
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Current State

This report provides the world’s first systematic review of criminal justice responses to child sexual abuse material (CSAM) offending. The systematic search identified 20,820 records, yielding eight eligible impact evaluations. Six studies focused on policing and two on the judicial arm of the criminal justice system. No correctional impact evaluations met our inclusion criteria. We qualitatively synthesise the evidence and use an evidence and gap map to visualise the current state of the evaluation evidence. Future research needs to prospectively design and rigorously evaluate evidence-informed interventions that are specifically tailored to CSAM offending.

scholarly journals A scoping review of paediatric latent tuberculosis infection care cascades: initial steps are lacking

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. e004836
Author(s):  
Jeffrey I Campbell ◽  
Thomas J Sandora ◽  
Jessica E Haberer
Keyword(s):  
Health Systems ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Treatment Initiation ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Care Cascade

Background and objectivesIdentifying and treating children with latent tuberculosis infection (TB infection) is critical to prevent progression to TB disease and to eliminate TB globally. Diagnosis and treatment of TB infection requires completion of a sequence of steps, collectively termed the TB infection care cascade. There has been no systematic attempt to comprehensively summarise literature on the paediatric TB infection care cascade.MethodsWe performed a scoping review of the paediatric TB infection care cascade. We systematically searched PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane and Embase databases. We reviewed articles and meeting abstracts that included children and adolescents ≤21 years old who were screened for or diagnosed with TB infection, and which described completion of at least one step of the cascade. We synthesised studies to identify facilitators and barriers to retention, interventions to mitigate attrition and knowledge gaps.ResultsWe identified 146 studies examining steps in the paediatric TB infection care cascade; 31 included children living in low-income and middle-income countries. Most literature described the final cascade step (treatment initiation to completion). Studies identified an array of patient and caregiver-related factors associated with completion of cascade steps. Few health systems factors were evaluated as potential predictors of completion, and few interventions to improve retention were specifically tested.ConclusionsWe identified strengths and gaps in the literature describing the paediatric TB infection care cascade. Future research should examine cascade steps upstream of treatment initiation and focus on identification and testing of at-risk paediatric patients. Additionally, future studies should focus on modifiable health systems factors associated with attrition and may benefit from use of behavioural theory and implementation science methods to improve retention.

Understanding Limited Use of Amplification in Infants and Children Who Are Hard of Hearing

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan W. McCreery ◽  
Elizabeth A. Walker ◽  
Meredith Spratford
Keyword(s):  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Hearing Aid Use ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
In Infants And Children

The effectiveness of amplification for infants and children can be mediated by how much the child uses the device. Existing research suggests that establishing hearing aid use can be challenging. A wide range of factors can influence hearing aid use in children, including the child's age, degree of hearing loss, and socioeconomic status. Audiological interventions, including using validated prescriptive approaches and verification, performing on-going training and orientation, and communicating with caregivers about hearing aid use can also increase hearing aid use by infants and children. Case examples are used to highlight the factors that influence hearing aid use. Potential management strategies and future research needs are also discussed.

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