scholarly journals Expression of mitofusin 2 in human sperm and its relationship to sperm motility and cryoprotective potentials

2018 ◽  
Vol 243 (12) ◽  
pp. 963-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Fang ◽  
Ke Ni ◽  
Jin Shang ◽  
Xiaoke Zhang ◽  
Chengliang Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Human Sperm ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Mitochondrial Morphology ◽  
Mitofusin 2 ◽  
Exact Function ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Function

Mitofusin 2 is a kind of mitochondria membrane protein that has been implicated in maintenance of mitochondrial morphology and function. However, the expression and function of mitofusin 2 in human sperm are not well described at present. The aim of this study was to explore the location of mitofusin 2 in human sperm and to discover its relationship to human sperm functions like motility and cryoprotective potentials. Our result showed that mitofusin 2 is specifically localized in the 5–7 μm midpiece between the neck and main part of human sperm tail. The expression level of mitofusin 2 in human sperm was significantly different between the normozoospermia and asthenozoospermia groups ( P < 0.05); meanwhile, the sperm of the asthenozoospermia group had a lower mitochondrial membrane potential ( P < 0.05), but the results of TUNEL assay did not show significant difference between the two groups. Furthermore, we found that the expression level of mitofusin 2 in the freeze-resistant group (cryo-survival rate >40%) was significantly higher than that of the freeze-intolerant group (cryo-survival rate ≤40%) ( P < 0.05). These results demonstrate that the expression level of mitofusin 2 is related to motility and cryoprotective potentials of human sperm. Mitofusin 2 may play a crucial role in the function of human sperm, which needs further research to discover the mechanism. Impact statement The exact function of mitochondria in human sperm before and during fertilization process remains controversial. MFN2 is a kind of mitochondria membrane protein and participates in the regulation of mitochondrial morphology and function. In this study, we discover the relationship of MFN2 expression to human sperm motility and cryoprotective potentials. Our results suggest that MFN2 could be a new target for the mechanism research of asthenozoospermia. MFN2 may also serve as a protein marker predicting the ability of human sperm to sustain cryopreservation.

scholarly journals In-vitro effects of Thymus munbyanus essential oil and thymol on human sperm motility and function

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirouche Chikhoune ◽  
Laurence Stouvenel ◽  
Mokrane Iguer-Ouada ◽  
Mohamed Hazzit ◽  
Alain Schmitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Human Sperm ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals PHB regulates meiotic recombination via JAK2-mediated histone modifications in spermatogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 4780-4796
Author(s):  
Ling-Fei Zhang ◽  
Wen-Jing Tan-Tai ◽  
Xiao-Hui Li ◽  
Mo-Fang Liu ◽  
Hui-Juan Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histone Modifications ◽  
Human Sperm ◽  
Mitochondrial Morphology ◽  
Cohesin Complex ◽  
Heterochromatin Formation ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Histone 3 ◽  
Mitochondrial Ros ◽  
Function Impairment ◽  
And Function

Abstract Previously, we have shown that human sperm Prohibitin (PHB) expression is significantly negatively correlated with mitochondrial ROS levels but positively correlated with mitochondrial membrane potential and motility. However, the possible role of PHB in mammalian spermatogenesis has not been investigated. Here we document the presence of PHB in spermatocytes and its functional roles in meiosis by generating the first male germ cell-specific Phb-cKO mouse. Loss of PHB in spermatocytes resulted in complete male infertility, associated with not only meiotic pachytene arrest with accompanying apoptosis, but also apoptosis resulting from mitochondrial morphology and function impairment. Our mechanistic studies show that PHB in spermatocytes regulates the expression of STAG3, a key component of the meiotic cohesin complex, via a non-canonical JAK/STAT pathway, and consequently promotes meiotic DSB repair and homologous recombination. Furthermore, the PHB/JAK2 axis was found as a novel mechanism in the maintenance of stabilization of meiotic STAG3 cohesin complex and the modulation of heterochromatin formation in spermatocytes during meiosis. The observed JAK2-mediated epigenetic changes in histone modifications, reflected in a reduction of histone 3 tyrosine 41 phosphorylation (H3Y41ph) and a retention of H3K9me3 at the Stag3 locus, could be responsible for Stag3 dysregulation in spermatocytes with the loss of PHB.

scholarly journals Cerebrovascular function and mitochondrial bioenergetics after ischemia-reperfusion in male rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1056-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibolya Rutkai ◽  
Ivan Merdzo ◽  
Sanjay V Wunnava ◽  
Genevieve T Curtin ◽  
Prasad VG Katakam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Mitochondrial Morphology ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Mitofusin 2 ◽  
Cerebrovascular Function ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Activity Measurements ◽  
And Function

The underlying factors promoting increased mitochondrial proteins, mtDNA, and dilation to mitochondrial-specific agents in male rats following tMCAO are not fully elucidated. Our goal was to determine the morphological and functional effects of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) on mitochondria using electron microscopy, Western blot, mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR), and Ca2+ sparks activity measurements in middle cerebral arteries (MCAs) from male Sprague Dawley rats (Naïve, tMCAO, Sham). We found a greatly increased OCR in ipsilateral MCAs (IPSI) compared with contralateral (CONTRA), Sham, and Naïve MCAs. Consistent with our earlier findings, the expression of Mitofusin-2 and OPA-1 was significantly decreased in IPSI arteries compared with Sham and Naïve. Mitochondrial morphology was disrupted in vascular smooth muscle, but morphology with normal and perhaps greater numbers of mitochondria were observed in IPSI compared with CONTRA MCAs. Consistently, there were significantly fewer baseline Ca2+ events in IPSI MCAs compared with CONTRA, Sham, and Naïve. Mitochondrial depolarization significantly increased Ca2+ sparks activity in the IPSI, Sham, Naïve, but not in the CONTRA group. Our data indicate that altered mitochondrial structure and function occur in MCAs exposed to I/R and that these changes impact not only OCR but Ca2+ sparks activity in both IPSI and CONTRA MCAs.

scholarly journals CDC20、TOP2A and NEK2 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its clinical significance

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjiao Liu ◽  
Longying He ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Xinglong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Adjacent Tissue ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: To study the expression of CDC20、TOP2A in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its relationship with survival of esophageal carcinoma.Methods :65 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma from January 2016 to June 2018 were selected by computer random selection. All patients were treated with radical operation. The CDC20、TOP2A expression of the patients was examined. At the same time, the relationship between 3-year survival rate and CDC20、TOP2A was analyzed by follow-up investigation.Results: the CDC20、TOP2A expression level of cancer tissue group was higher than that of adjacent tissue group and normal tissue group (P <0.05), and the CDC20、TOP2A expression level of adjacent tissue group was higher than that of normal tissue group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in sex, age, tumor size, tumor location and CDC20、TOP2A expression level in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, P >0.05; there were differences between groups (P P >0.05) and positive proportion in TNM stage, lymphatic metastasis, invasion factor and CDC20、TOP2A expression level; there were differences in tumor differentiation ,5-year survival rate and CDC20、TOP2A expression level (P P >0.05), and showed inverse proportion relationship.Conclusion: metastasis, recurrence and prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma are related to the level of CDC20、TOP2A expression. These two indexes can effectively evaluate the pathological situation of esophageal cancer and provide an important reference for the prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients.

scholarly journals β-Hydroxybutyrate Increases Exercise Capacity Associated with Changes in Mitochondrial Function in Skeletal Muscle

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1930
Author(s):  
Matías Monsalves-Alvarez ◽  
Pablo Esteban Morales ◽  
Mauricio Castro-Sepulveda ◽  
Carlos Sepulveda ◽  
Juan Manuel Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Mitochondrial Morphology ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Mitofusin 2 ◽  
And Function

β-hydroxybutyrate is the main ketone body generated by the liver under starvation. Under these conditions, it can sustain ATP levels by its oxidation in mitochondria. As mitochondria can modify its shape and function under different nutritional challenges, we study the chronic effects of β-hydroxybutyrate supplementation on mitochondrial morphology and function, and its relation to exercise capacity. Male C57BL/6 mice were supplemented with β-hydroxybutyrate mineral salt (3.2%) or control (CT, NaCl/KCl) for six weeks and submitted to a weekly exercise performance test. We found an increase in distance, maximal speed, and time to exhaustion at two weeks of supplementation. Fatty acid metabolism and OXPHOS subunit proteins declined at two weeks in soleus but not in tibialis anterior muscles. Oxygen consumption rate on permeabilized fibers indicated a decrease in the presence of pyruvate in the short-term treatment. Both the tibialis anterior and soleus showed decreased levels of Mitofusin 2, while electron microscopy assessment revealed a significant reduction in mitochondrial cristae shape in the tibialis anterior, while a reduction in the mitochondrial number was observed only in soleus. These results suggest that short, but not long-term, β-hydroxybutyrate supplementation increases exercise capacity, associated with modifications in mitochondrial morphology and function in mouse skeletal muscle.

scholarly journals Expression of CDC20、TOP2A in esophageal phosphorus carcinoma and its relationship with survival of esophageal carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjiao Liu ◽  
Longying He ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Xinglong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Adjacent Tissue ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: To study the expression of CDC20、TOP2A in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its relationship with survival of esophageal carcinoma.Methods :65 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma from January 2016 to June 2018 were selected by computer random selection. All patients were treated with radical operation. The CDC20、TOP2A expression of the patients was examined. At the same time, the relationship between 3-year survival rate and CDC20、TOP2A was analyzed by follow-up investigation.Results: the CDC20、TOP2A expression level of cancer tissue group was higher than that of adjacent tissue group and normal tissue group (P <0.05), and the CDC20、TOP2A expression level of adjacent tissue group was higher than that of normal tissue group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in sex, age, tumor size, tumor location and CDC20、TOP2A expression level in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, P >0.05; there were differences between groups (P P >0.05) and positive proportion in TNM stage, lymphatic metastasis, invasion factor and CDC20、TOP2A expression level; there were differences in tumor differentiation ,5-year survival rate and CDC20、TOP2A expression level (P P >0.05), and showed inverse proportion relationship.Conclusion: metastasis, recurrence and prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma are related to the level of CDC20、TOP2A expression. These two indexes can effectively evaluate the pathological situation of esophageal cancer and provide an important reference for the prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients.

Histological examination of rat small intestine after surgical removal of obturation small bowel obstruction and peptide stimulation of lymph flow

2018 ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
А.А. Коваленко ◽  
Г.П. Титова ◽  
В.К. Хугаева
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Lymph Flow ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
And Function

Оперативное лечение различных заболеваний кишечника сопровождается осложнениями в виде нарушений микроциркуляции в области анастомоза кишки. Ранее нами показана способность лимфостимуляторов пептидной природы восстанавливать нарушенную микроциркуляцию, что послужило основой для настоящего исследования. Цель работы - оценка влияния стимуляции лимфотока в стенке кишки на процессы восстановления микроциркуляции, структуры и функции тонкой кишки в области оперативного вмешательства. Методика. В экспериментах на наркотизированных крысах (хлоралгидрат в дозе 0,6 г/кг в 0,9% растворе NaCl) моделировали различные поражения тонкой кишки (наложение лигатуры, перевязка 1-3 брыжеечных артерий, перекрут петли кишки вокруг оси брыжейки, сочетание нескольких видов повреждений). Резекция поврежденного участка через 1 сут. с последующим созданием тонкокишечного анастомоза завершалась орошением операционного поля раствором пептида-стимулятора лимфотока (40 мкг/кг массы животного в 1 мл 0,9% раствора NaCl). На 7-е сут. после операции проводили гистологическое исследование фрагмента кишки в области анастомоза. Результаты. На 7-е сут. после резекции у выживших животных (летальность вследствие кишечной непроходимости составляла 30%) имеют место морфологические признаки острых сосудистых нарушений стенки кишки, изменений кровеносных и лимфатических микрососудов, интерстициальный отек всех слоев стенки кишки, дилатация просвета кишки, повреждение всасывающего эпителия ворсин с истончением щеточной каемки клеток, морфологические признаки гиперфункции бокаловидных клеток. Использование лимфостимулятора пептидной природы после операции увеличивало выживаемость животных на 24%. У части животных отмечалось уменьшение расширения просвета кишки, у других практически полная его нормализация. Восстанавливалась форма кишечных ворсин и распределение бокаловидных клеток. Отсутствовали признаки внутриклеточного и межмышечного отека. Отмечено умеренное полнокровие венул. Заключение. Использование лимфостимулятора при хирургическом лечении кишечной непроходимости увеличивает выживаемость животных на 24% по сравнению с контролем, способствует более раннему восстановлению структуры и функции тонкой кишки. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о перспективности использования стимуляции лимфотока при операциях на кишечнике. Surgical treatment of bowel diseases is associated with complications that cause microcirculatory disturbances in the anastomosis area and may lead to a fatal outcome. This study was based on our previous finding that peptide-type lymphatic stimulators are able to restore impaired microcirculation. The aim of this work was stimulating the lymph flow in the intestinal wall to facilitate recovery of microcirculation, structure and function of the small intestine in the area of surgical intervention. Methods. In experiments on anesthetized rats (0.6 g/kg chloral hydrate in 0.9% NaCl), various small bowel lesions were modeled (bowel ligation, ligation of 1-3 mesenteric arteries, gut torsion, combination of several lesion types). In 24 h, the damaged area was resected, and a small intestine anastomosis was creased. The surgery was completed with irrigation of the operative field with a solution of lymph flow stimulating peptide (40 мg/kg body weight in 1 ml of 0.9% NaCl). A gut fragment from the anastomosis area was examined histologically on day 7 after the surgery. Results. On the 7th day after removing the intestinal obstruction, the surviving animals (lethality 30%) had morphological signs of acute vascular disorders in the intestinal wall; changes in blood and lymphatic microvessels; interstitial edema of all intestinal wall layers; dilatation of the intestinal lumen; damage to the absorptive epithelium of villi with thinning of the brush border, and hyperfunction of mucous (goblet) cells. The use of the peptide after surgery increased the survival rate of animals by 24% and provided a smaller dilatation of the intestinal lumen in some animals. In other animals, the lumen recovered. The shape of intestinal villi and distribution of goblet cells were restored. Signs of intracellular and intermuscular edema were absent. Moderate venular congestion was noticed. Conclusion. Using the lymphatic stimulator in surgical treatment of intestinal obstruction increases the survival rate of animals by 24% compared to the control, facilitates earlier restoration of the small intestine structure and function. The obtained results indicated the effectiveness of lymphatic stimulation in intestinal surgery.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Candidate Probiotic Bacteria to Control Vibriosis Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mulyati Mulyati ◽  
Suryati Suryati ◽  
Irfani Baga
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Inhibitory Ability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Portunid Crab

The study aims to isolate, characterize, and examine probiotic bacteria's inhibitory ability against Vibrio harveyi bacteria, both in-vitro and in vivo. Methods used in the study consist of 1) An Isolation of Candidate Probiotic Bacteria, 2) An Antagonistic Test of Candidate Probiotic Bacteria in vitro, 3) An Identification of Bacteria, 4) A Pathogenicity Test of Candidate Probiotic Bacteria, 5) An Antagonistic Test of Candidate Probiotic Bacteria against V. harveyi in vivo. According to the isolation of candidate probiotic bacteria, there are 18 isolated candidate probiotic. After being tested for its inhibitory ability in vitro, there are 8 isolates with zone of inhibition as follows: isolate MM 7 from intestine (22 mm), isolate MM 6 from intestine (12 mm), isolate MM 10 from sea water (10 mm), isolate MM 5 from intestine (9 mm), isolate MM 4 from intestine (8 mm), isolate MM 3 from intestine (7 mm), isolate MM 2.2 from intestine (7 mm), isolate MM 2.1 from intestine (7 mm). Eight genera of the candidate probiotic bacteria is derived from Portunid crab, they are Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, bacillus, vibrio, Alcaligenes, Lactobacillus, micrococcus. Before proceeding the V. harveyi bacterial challenge test in vivo, three potential isolates consisting of MM6, MM7 and MM10 as the probiotic bacteria are pathogenicity-tested against V. harveyi. The survival rate of Portunid crab on pathogenicity test using MM6, MM7 and MM10 generates 91.11-100%, while the control generates 100% survival rate. Variance analysis result through post-hoc Tukey's Honest Significant Difference (HSD) test at 95% confidence interval indicates that isolate MM7 and MM10 are significantly able to increase hatchling Portunid crab's survival rate.

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