Survey on the Research Misconduct and Questionable Research Practices of Medical Students, PhD Students, and Supervisors at the Zagreb School of Medicine in Croatia

2021 ◽  
pp. 155626462110337
Author(s):  
Ana Marija Ljubenković ◽  
Ana Borovečki ◽  
Marko Ćurković ◽  
Bjørn Hofmann ◽  
Søren Holm
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Research Misconduct ◽  
Research Integrity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Research Practices ◽  
Research Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Questionable Research Practices ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
And Behavior

This cross-sectional study evaluates the knowledge, attitudes, experiences, and behavior of final year medical students, PhD students, and supervisors at the School of Medicine of the University of Zagreb in relation to research misconduct, questionable research practices, and the research environment. The overall response rate was 36.4% (68%–100% for the paper survey and 8%–15% for the online surveys). The analysis reveals statistically significant differences in attitude scores between PhD students and supervisors, the latter having attitudes more in concordance with accepted norms. The results overall show a nonnegligible incidence of self-reported misconduct and questionable research practices, as well as some problematic attitudes towards misconduct and questionable research practices. The incidence of problematic authorship practices was particularly high. The research environment was evaluated as being mostly supportive of research integrity.

scholarly journals Rethinking success, integrity, and culture in research (Part 2) — A multi-actor qualitative study on problems of science

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noémie Aubert Bonn ◽  
Wim Pinxten
Keyword(s):  
Research Misconduct ◽  
Research Integrity ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Research Practices ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Questionable Research Practices ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Research Students ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTBackgroundResearch misconduct and questionable research practices have been the subject of increasing attention in the past few years. But despite the rich body of research available, few empirical works provide the perspectives of non-researcher stakeholders.MethodsTo capture some of the forgotten voices, we conducted semi-structured interviews and focus groups with policy makers, funders, institution leaders, editors or publishers, research integrity office members, research integrity community members, laboratory technicians, researchers, research students, and former-researchers who changed career to inquire on the topics of success, integrity, and responsibilities in science. We used the Flemish biomedical landscape as a baseline to be able to grasp the views of interacting and complementary actors in a system setting.ResultsGiven the breadth of our results, we divided our findings in a two-paper series with the current paper focusing on the problems that affect the quality and integrity of science. We first discovered that perspectives on misconduct, including the core reasons for condemning misconduct, differed between individuals and actor groups. Beyond misconduct, interviewees also identified numerous problems which affect the integrity of research. Issues related to personalities and attitudes, lack of knowledge of good practices, and research climate were mentioned. Elements that were described as essential for success (in the associate paper) were often thought to accentuate the problems of research climates by disrupting research cultures and research environments. Even though everyone agreed that current research climates need to be addressed, no one felt responsible nor capable of initiating change. Instead, respondents revealed a circle of blame and mistrust between actor groups.ConclusionsOur findings resonate with recent debates, and extrapolate a few action points which might help advance the discussion. First, we must tackle how research is assessed. Second, approaches to promote better science should be revisited: not only should they directly address the impact of climates on research practices, but they should also redefine their objective to empower and support researchers rather than to capitalize on their compliance. Finally, inter-actor dialogues and shared decision making are crucial to building joint objectives for change.Trial registrationosf.io/33v3m

scholarly journals Medical Graduates’ Research Practices and Perceptions: A comparative cross-sectional study between 2015 and 2017 graduates of King Abdulaziz University

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Basakran ◽  
Maysaa A. Banjari ◽  
Malak A. Almarghoub ◽  
Elaf M. Alzarnougi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Research Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Graduates ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
King Abdulaziz University

Objectives: This study aimed to compare changes in medical students’ research practices and perceptions of two cohorts of graduates. Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study was conducted from November 2014 to December 2017 and included the 2015 and 2017 medical graduates of King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A validated self-administrated questionnaire, which included questions about participants’ age and gender, research activities, and obstacles to and motivators for research involvement was used. Results: A total of 484 graduates were included in this study (response rate: 96.8%). A significant difference was found between the 2015 and 2017 graduates who had not started any research project (48.4% versus 35%; P <0.001) and a 20% increase in the 2017 graduates’ confidence in their abilities to start their own projects was observed (P <0.001). Significantly more 2017 graduates were engaged in various research roles, other than 'author', compared to 2015 graduates (71.3% versus 55.4%; P <0.001). Career progression was the main motivator for both the 2015 and 2017 medical graduates to participate in research (79.5%). Reported obstacles to research included a lack of dedicated time for research and methodology training and a shortage of research project opportunities. Conclusion: This study highlights positive changes in attitudes towards and perceptions of research among medical graduates.Keywords: Medical Students; Research; Professional Practice; Attitude; Perception; Medical Education; Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Knowledge, Attitude, and Performance of Students from the Ilam University of Medical Sciences Regarding the Use of Stimulants

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoumeh Shohani ◽  
Maryam Chegeni ◽  
Abbas Nasrollahi ◽  
Leili Abedi Gheshlaghi
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Behavior

Background: University students' attitude and desire to use stimulants and hallucinogens are mainly aroused as a result of their ignorance or lack of knowledge. Objectives: The present study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and performance of medical students in Ilam regarding the use of stimulants. Methods: This cross-sectional study encompassed 451 students from the Ilam University of Medical Sciences in 2019. The demographic information questionnaire, Addiction Susceptibility Questionnaire (ASQ), and Questionnaire of Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior were used to collect the required data. Moreover, there were reports of mean and standard deviation for quantitative variables and frequency and percentage for qualitative variables. Chi-square, ANOVA, and independent-samples t-tests were used to examine the relationship among the research variables. Results: A majority of students were undergraduates (> 60%), and about 33% of the participants were medical students. About 8% of the participants reported the lifetime use of stimulants. Moreover, 40% of students had insufficient knowledge, and the participants’ mean score of attitude was 16. There was a significant relationship between students' knowledge with their age, marital status, faculty, and level of education. Moreover, there was a significant relationship between the participants’ performance with age, level of education, and faculty. A significant relationship was also detected between the students’ attitude with their faculty and level of education. Conclusions: The medical students’ knowledge level was not satisfactory. Accordingly, training sessions and counseling programs are recommended to increase their knowledge and improve their attitudes.

scholarly journals Medical Students’ Perspective and Knowledge of Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia and Gout Management: A Cross-Sectional Study

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1639
Author(s):  
Sanja Zuzic Furlan ◽  
Doris Rusic ◽  
Marko Kumric ◽  
Josko Bozic ◽  
Marino Vilovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Studies ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
The University

The prevalence and incidence of gout doubled from 1990 to 2017. Therefore, we can expect that a number of doctors have come across a patient with gout in their daily practice. Hence, we wanted to investigate how familiar our medical students, as future medical professionals, are with gout. This cross-sectional survey included Medical Studies students from the two largest universities in Croatia: the University of Split School of Medicine, and the University of Zagreb School of Medicine, and included a total of 221 fifth or sixth year medical students. Most students gave correct answers to questions about treatment approach and non-pharmacological interventions in asymptomatic hyperuricemia (>80%). Less than 3% of all students agreed they knew enough about care for patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia, whereas almost 15% thought they were well familiar with care for gout patients. Less than 8% of students considered their school education adequate on both topics, and less than 2% were aware of the existence of EULAR guidelines. Physicians lacking in the latest knowledge on the pathophysiology of gout, the influence of lifestyle, and genetic factors limits their ability to properly manage gout. With increasing prevalence, gout should be more represented in medical students’ education.

scholarly journals Research Misconduct in Business and Management Studies: Causes, Consequences, and Possible Remedies

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Tourish ◽  
Russell Craig
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Research Misconduct ◽  
Research Integrity ◽  
Research Practices ◽  
Questionable Research Practices ◽  
Journal Editors ◽  
Recommendations For Action ◽  
Research Fraud ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Business And Management

This article analyses 131 articles that have been retracted from peer-reviewed journals in business and management studies. We also draw from six in-depth interviews: three with journal editors involved in retractions, two with coauthors of papers retracted because a fellow author committed research fraud, and one with a former academic found guilty of research fraud. Our aim is to promote debate about the causes and consequences of research misconduct and to suggest possible remedies. Drawing on corruption theory, we suggest that a range of institutional, environmental, and behavioral factors interacts to provide incentives that sustain research misconduct. We explore the research practices that have prompted retractions. We contend that some widely used, but questionable research practices, should be challenged so as to promote stronger commitment to research integrity and to deter misconduct. To this end, we propose eleven recommendations for action by authors, editors, publishers, and the broader scientific community.

scholarly journals CAFFEINATED PRODUCTS CONSUMPTION AND THEIR HEALTH AND BEHAVIOR ALERTS AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS AT BENGHAZI UNIVERSITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 159-168
Author(s):  
Manal Meilad ◽  
Sabreen Ramadan ◽  
Haya Hassan ◽  
Ali Ateia Elmabsout
Keyword(s):  
Medical Student ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
And Behavior

Introduction: Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychoactive substance in the world and not only found in coffee, but also present in some products includes tea, energy drinks, caffeine containing medicine and soft drink. The aim of conducting the research is to study most popular caffeinated product consumption and its health and behavior alerts among medical students. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from beginning of January to the end of March 2020 on branches of medical faculties involved 545 students. Purposive sampling was used to enroll students for this study and they were asked to respond to the validated questionnaires. A questionnaire related to the caffeinated products consumption and related health problems. The analysis included frequency, percentages, mean, standard deviation, unpaired T-test and ANOVA. Result and discussion : The data collected on 545 students found that medical student consumed caffeine in the form of chocolate 87%, coffee 86%, Tea 74.9% soft beverages 67.2% , and Arabic coffee 59.1% ( P= 0.000). Most of the medical student have had some reasons for drinking caffeinated products and these reasons shown significant differences (P< 0.05) and these reasons include 76.5% increase during exam time, about 65% , to a raise level of attention and focus at the lecture and 62% for improve mood .However, students did not aware and expect the negative effect towards caffeine consumption. Based on gender, there was different on the amounts of daily caffeine intake by which male more than female (P< 0.05). Furthermore caffeinated products consumption significant associated with increased body weight (P< 0.05) There also found significant differences of caffeinated products intake among male and female (P< 0.05) by which male more frequent consume. Conclusions: Drinking caffeine containing products by the students were variable from different sources. Although, students were shown consumed caffeine at modest levels. In spite , monitoring is necessary for the daily intake and there is need for educational programs about the health effects related to high consumption of caffeinated products. KEYWORDS: malnutrition, caffeinated, BMI, Behaviors.

scholarly journals Awareness and behavior patterns regarding road safety measures among undergraduate medical students of western Uttar Pradesh: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 933
Author(s):  
Shailendra Kumar Chaurasiya ◽  
Pankaj Kumar Jain ◽  
Sandip Kumar ◽  
Prashant Kumar Bajpai ◽  
Nawazish Ali
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Behavior Patterns ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
And Behavior

Background: More than 1.2 million deaths occur each year on the world's roads. In India, the number of motor vehicles on the road is increasing with the population and economic growth. It has been estimated that if effective and immediate action is not taken, deaths due to road traffic accidents will become the fifth leading cause of deaths by 2020. Objectives was to assess the level of awareness and behavior regarding road safety rules among undergraduate medical students.Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in a Medical College of western Uttar Pradesh. In the present study 200 final and pre-final year, undergraduate medical students were selected with the help of simple random selection, who drive/use vehicles either of their own or others. The study period was from June 2019 to August 2019.Results: About 29 percent of participants responded that they do not follow lane rules while driving. Study showed that 72.1% and 42.0% were aware that what documents to be carried with them while driving among those who attend and did not attend any program on road safety measures respectively. About 58.1 % and 38.2% were aware that penalty for driving without a helmet can be imposed among those who attend and did not attend any program on road safety measures.Conclusions: Awareness of road safety measures among participants was satisfactory, but the gap was also seen between awareness and behavior patterns regarding road safety measures.

scholarly journals Knowledge of and attitudes to occupational and sports medicine among medical students in Zagreb, Croatia

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
Roko Žaja ◽  
Hana Brborović ◽  
Dominik Oroz ◽  
Katarina Zahariev Vukšinić ◽  
Marija Bubaš ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Team Based Learning ◽  
Academic Year

Abstract Occupational and sports medicine (OSM) education is poorly represented in Croatian university undergraduate medical curricula. Zagreb University medical students are required to take OSM classes for a week on their final year of studies. The classes are organised around team-based learning (TBL). Given that students who attend TBL classes have significantly higher exam scores than students who take lectures ex cathedra, the aim of this study was to assess students’ knowledge and attitudes immediately after TBL OSM classes. This cross-sectional study included 162 final-year Zagreb University School of Medicine students taking TBL classes in OSM in the academic year of 2019/2020. They were recruited from 30 September 2019 to 4 March 2020. Participants filled in a 20-item questionnaire compiled by the authors and adapted to the Croatian legislation. Their answers demonstrated positive attitude toward OSM classes and negative attitude toward occupational medicine practice and OSM specialty. They showed moderate interest only for the job of sports physician. Even though they showed sufficient knowledge of OSM immediately after the course was completed, they were moderately satisfied with their knowledge. Our findings call for rethinking the practical aspects of teaching OSM classes in order to promote OSM practice among medical students or at least raise awareness about the importance of prevention of numerous work or sport-related disorders.

scholarly journals Prevalence of questionable research practices, research misconduct and their potential explanatory factors: a survey among academic researchers in The Netherlands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gowri Gopalakrishna ◽  
Gerben ter Riet ◽  
Maarten J.L.F. Cruyff ◽  
Gerko Vink ◽  
Ineke Stoop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Research Misconduct ◽  
Research Integrity ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Research Practices ◽  
Publish Or Perish ◽  
Questionable Research Practices ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
Scientific Norm ◽  
Response Method

BackgroundPrevalence of research misconduct, questionable research practices (QRPs) and their associations with a range of explanatory factors has not been studied sufficiently among academic researchers.Methods The National Survey on Research Integrity was aimed at all disciplinary fields and academic ranks in the Netherlands. The survey enquired about engagement in fabrication, falsification and 11 QRPs over the previous three years, and 12 explanatory factor scales. We ensured strict identity protection and used a randomized response method for questions on research misconduct. Results6,813 respondents completed the survey. Prevalence of fabrication was 4.3% (95% CI: 2.9, 5.7) and falsification 4.2% (95% CI: 2.8, 5.6). Prevalence of QRPs ranged from 0.6% (95% CI: 0.5, 0.9) to 17.5% (95 % CI: 16.4, 18.7) with 51.3% (95% CI: 50.1, 52.5) of respondents engaging frequently in ≥ 1 QRP. Being a PhD candidate or junior researcher increased the odds of frequently engaging in ≥ 1 QRP, as did being male. Scientific norm subscription (odds ratio (OR) 0.79; 95% CI: 0.63, 1.00) and perceived likelihood of detection by reviewers (OR 0.62, 95% CI: 0.44, 0.88) were associated with lower odds of research misconduct. Publication pressure was associated with higher odds of engaging frequently in ≥ 1 QRP (OR 1.22, 95% CI: 1.14, 1.30).ConclusionsWe found higher prevalence of misconduct than earlier surveys. Our results suggest that greater emphasis on scientific norm subscription, strengthening reviewers in their role as gatekeepers of research quality and curbing the “publish or perish” incentive system can promote research integrity.

scholarly journals Medical students’ challenges and suggestions regarding research training: a synthesis of comments from a cross-sectional survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Riva ◽  
Radwa Elsharawi ◽  
Julian Daza ◽  
Augustin Toma ◽  
Robert Whyte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Research Training ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Research Opportunities ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
Research Curriculum ◽  
Research Students

Background: We previously reported on a cross-sectional study of students from the Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine at McMaster University that found most respondents wanted more opportunities to participate in research. Students provided additional comments that we synthesized to enrich the findings of our quantitative analysis.   Methods: From our previously administered 13-item, online questionnaire, run across three campuses in Ontario, Canada, 498 of 618 medical students completed our survey and 360 (72%) provided optional written comments, which we synthesized using thematic analysis in this current study.  Results: Major themes that emerged were: (1) Active student participation to identify research opportunities and interested mentors are needed; (2) Types of research involvement; (3) Uncertainty whether research training translates into useable skills; (4) Desire for a formalized research curriculum and centralization of research opportunities across campuses.  Conclusion: Programs should stress to interested students the importance of actively looking for research opportunities and consider both large and small-group educational sessions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document