scholarly journals Obesity Prevention in Children in Latin America Through Interventions Using Technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-141
Author(s):  
Jinan Banna
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
A Priority

The number of children in Latin America with overweight and obesity has increased markedly in recent years. However, interventions focused on prevention of childhood obesity are still in their infancy in Latin America. Leveraging the use of technology in children and adolescents to introduce or reinforce patterns of healthy eating and mobility in interventions is a priority. Though there is a low number of intervention studies focused on obesity prevention in Latin America, several studies using technology have been conducted. Further implementation of such programs as part of multilevel interventions will allow for continued prevention efforts to address increasing rates of overweight and obesity in this population.

School-based interventions for the treatment of childhood obesity: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of cluster randomised controlled trials

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Tarcisus Ho ◽  
Ling Jie Cheng ◽  
Ying Lau
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
School Based ◽  
Cluster Randomised ◽  
School Based Interventions ◽  
Meta Regression

Abstract Objective Schools offer an ideal setting for childhood obesity interventions due to their access to children and adolescents. This review aimed to systematically review the impact of school-based intervention for the treatment of childhood obesity. Design Eight databases were searched from inception till May 30, 2020. A revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations criteria were used to evaluate the risk of bias and overall evidence. Meta-analysis and meta-regression were performed on Stata software using the random-effects model. Overall effect was evaluated using Hedges’ g, and heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran’s Q and I2. Setting Cluster randomised trials (cluster-RCTs) delivered in school. Participants Children and adolescents (6-18 years of age) with overweight and obesity. Results Twelve cluster-RCTs from seven countries with 1,755 participants were included in the meta-analysis. School-based interventions for the treatment of childhood obesity reduced body mass index (BMI) and BMI z-scores with a medium effect (g=0·52). Subgroup analyses showed the greater effectiveness of brief school-based interventions and the interventions conducted in lower-middle to upper-middle economies. Meta-regression assessed the heterogeneity and the final model, with covariates of the type of economies and trial duration, accounted for 41.2% of the variability. The overall quality of evidence was rated low because of the high risk of bias and inconsistency. Conclusions School-based interventions is a possible approach to provide universal healthcare for the treatment of childhood obesity, and further well-designed cluster-RCTs with longer follow-up are needed. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020160735).

scholarly journals Hispanic Maternal Perception of Preschoolers’ Bodyweight Status in Samples from the United States of America and Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1101-1101
Author(s):  
Summer Wilmoth ◽  
Yolanda Flores-Peña ◽  
Leah Carrillo ◽  
Elana Martinez ◽  
Erica Sosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
The United States ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Actual Rate ◽  
Actual Weight ◽  
Hispanic Mothers ◽  
The Us

Abstract Objectives Childhood obesity is a major public health concern, which disproportionally affects Hispanic children in the United States (US) and Mexico. Mothers are key influencers to their children's health and growth. As part of a pilot obesity prevention study, Hispanic mothers’ perception of their preschoolers’ weight status was assessed to inform the development of intervention strategies. Methods Study subjects were Hispanic mothers and their preschoolers between the ages of 3 and 5 enrolled in participating Head Star Centers in Texas, US or kindergartens in Northern Mexico. Upon informed consent, mothers completed a self-administered questionnaire assessing their perception of their preschoolers’ weight status. Preschoolers’ body weight and height were measured; and their actual weight status was classified using the CDC's age and gender specific BMI references. Results Preliminary data included 85 and 294 child-mother pairs from US and Mexico, respectively. The US sample had a higher rate of overweight and obesity (35%) in comparison to the Mexico sample (19%). There was a great discrepancy between mothers’ perception and their children's actual weight status in both samples. Although only approximately 5% of children were underweight, 14% of American and 24% of Mexican mothers perceived their children being underweight. Contrarily, only 4.8% of American mothers perceived their children as a little overweight or obese, as compared to the actual rate of 35%. Similarly, only 5% of Mexican mothers perceived their children as a little overweight or obese, as compared to the actual rate of 19%. Conclusions Hispanic mothers in the US and Mexico appear to worry about their normal weight children being underweight, while overlooking the overweight and obesity problem. Early childhood obesity prevention programming is needed to aggressively address Hispanic mothers’ preference of chubby children, and the mothers’ underestimation of overweight and obesity among their preschoolers. Funding Sources The Mexico's National Science and Technology Council & The Kellogg´s Institute of Nutrition and Health.

School-aged children and adolescents

2020 ◽  
pp. 303-320
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
P Nutrition ◽  
School Aged Children

Nutrition and growth, Dietary recommendations, food habits, deficiencies, Childhood obesity, Dental, Influences, Promoting healthy eating

scholarly journals Low Diagnostic Accuracy of Body Mass Index-Based and Waist Circumference-Based References of Childhood Overweight and Obesity in Identifying Overfat among Chinese Children and Adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiyang Chen ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Lin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Childhood Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Chinese Children And Adolescents

This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of body mass index- (BMI-) based and waist circumference- (WC-) based references for childhood overweight and obesity in screening overfat individuals among 2134 Chinese children and adolescents. In this study, overfat status was defined as over 25% body fat for boys and over 30% for girls. Childhood obesity or overweight was defined by four BMI-based references and two WC-based references. All BMI-based references for obesity showed low sensitivity (SE) (0.128–0.473) but high specificity (SP) (0.971–0.998) in detecting overfat individuals in the current population. SE values increased from 0.493 to 0.881 when BMI- and WC-based references for overweight were used to detect overfat individuals. All references for overweight showed high SP rates (0.816–0.966). To improve diagnostic accuracy for childhood obesity, further studies may define a cut-off value for childhood obesity specific for a local population and ethnicity by using health-related overfat data.

scholarly journals Baseline diet quality of predominantly minority children and adolescents from households characterized by low socioeconomic status in the Childhood Obesity Prevention and Treatment Research (COPTR) Consortium

BMC Nutrition ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly P. Truesdale ◽  
Donna M. Matheson ◽  
Meghan M. JaKa ◽  
Sarah McAleer ◽  
Evan C. Sommer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Minority Children ◽  
Maximum Score ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Treatment Research

Abstract Background The Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010) is a measure of diet quality that examines conformance with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. The objectives of this study were to estimate baseline diet quality of predominantly low-income minority children using the HEI-2010 and to identify the most important HEI components to target for dietary intervention. Methods Two or three baseline 24 h dietary recalls were collected in-person or over telephone between May 2012 and June 2014 from 1,745 children and adolescents from four randomized clinical trials in the Childhood Obesity Prevention and Treatment Research (COPTR) Consortium. Nine adequacy and three moderation food components were calculated and averaged to determine overall HEI scores. The overall HEI-2010 scores were categorized as ≥81, 51–80, or ≤ 50 based on the HEI-2005 classification. For each study, mean overall and component HEI scores were estimated using linear regression models. Results Mean (95% CI) overall HEI scores ranged from 47.9 (46.8, 49.0) to 64.5 (63.6, 65.4). Only 0.3 to 8.1% of children and adolescents had HEI-2010 score ≥ 81. The average component score for green and beans was less than 30% of maximum score for all trials. In contrast, the average component score for protein, dairy (except for IMPACT), and empty calories (except forIMPACT) was more than 80% of maximum score. Conclusions Based on HEI-2010 scores, few children and adolescents consumed high quality diets. Dietary interventions for children and adolescents should focus on improving intakes of green vegetables and beans. Clinical trial registry numbers GROW study (clinical trial # NCT01316653); NET-Works study (clinical trial #NCT01606891); Stanford Goals (clinical trial #NCT01642836); IMPACT (clinical trial # NCT01514279).

Effect of an Educational Intervention on Healthy Lifestyle in Iranian Children and Adolescents: The Iran-ending Childhood Obesity (IRAN-ECHO) Program

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Abdollahi ◽  
Ali-Akbar Sayyari ◽  
Beheshteh Olang ◽  
Hassan Ziaodini ◽  
Hossein Fallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Mean

Background: This study aimed at examining the effect of an educational program on children’s and adolescents’ knowledge of, attitude toward, and practice of healthy lifestyle habits. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental nationwide intervention carried out as part of the Iran-Ending Childhood Obesity (IRAN-ECHO) program. Participants were selected from six cities of Iran. The sample size was calculated to be 1264 for each city. Knowledge of, attitude toward, and practice of healthy nutritional habits were measured at baseline and following the intervention. A physician and a dietitian provided recommendations on healthy diet, screen time, physical activity, and sleep time. Behavioral therapy was given when necessary. Results: The prevalence of overweight or obesity was 7.6%. The frequency of students with desirable knowledge was significantly greater after the intervention compared with baseline (32.5% vs 24.8%, p = 0.02). The mean score for attitude toward obesity complications significantly increased from 73.09 to 74.78 (p = 0.03). There was also a significant increase in the mean score for the practice of low consumption of unhealthy snacks after the intervention (difference = 1.63, p = 0.03). The mean score for participation in mild physical activity increased from 50.67 to 65 after the intervention (p < 0.001). However, there were no significant changes in the number of students with desirable attitude and practice following the intervention (p> 0.05). Conclusion: The study shows that an educational intervention based on WHO-ECHO recommendations can be useful for improving the knowledge of a healthy lifestyle in children and adolescents. Over time, it might lead to a positive attitude and behavior toward a healthier lifestyle. Continued professional education and implementation of guidelines for the prevention and management of early childhood overweight and obesity are suggested.

scholarly journals Research capacity for childhood obesity prevention in Latin America: an area for growth

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana C. Parra ◽  
Susan Vorkoper ◽  
Harold W. Kohl ◽  
Benjamin Caballero ◽  
Carolina Batis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Childhood Obesity Prevention

scholarly journals Impact of Childhood Obesity and Psychological Factors on Sleep

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazar Mazurak ◽  
Jessica Cook ◽  
Alisa Weiland ◽  
Yvonne Ritze ◽  
Michael Urschitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional

The aim of the study was to analyze sleep duration and behaviors in relation to psychological parameters in children and adolescents with obesity seeking inpatient weight-loss treatment in comparison to normal-weight children, and whether or not these variables would improve during the time course of treatment. Sixty children or adolescents with overweight and obesity (OBE) and 27 normal-weight (NW) peers (age: 9–17) were assessed for subjective sleep measures through self-reported and parent-reported questionnaires, as well as body weight, body composition, and psychological questionnaires. The OBE participants were assessed upon admission and before discharge of an inpatient multidisciplinary weight-loss program. NW participants' data were collected for cross-sectional comparison. In comparison to NW, children and adolescents with OBE had a shorter self-reported sleep duration and had poorer sleep behaviors and more sleep-disordered breathing as reported by their parents. No change in sleep measures occurred during the inpatient treatment. Psychological factors including higher anxiety, depression, and destructive-anger-related emotion regulation were moderate predictors for unfavorable sleep outcomes, independent of weight status. Children with obesity had less favorable sleep patterns, and psychological factors influenced sleep in children, independent of weight. More research is needed on the relationship and direction of influence between sleep, psychological factors, and obesity, and whether they can be integrated in the prevention and management of childhood obesity and possibly also other pediatric diseases.

scholarly journals Changes in the Incidence of Underweight and Overweight in Children and Adolescents from Rural Areas

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (81) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Popławska ◽  
Elżbieta Huk Wieliczuk ◽  
Agnieszka Dmitruk
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
Changes Over Time

Research background and hypothesis. Considering the socio-economic transformations affecting the life style of rural families of Estern Poland, it seemed worthwhile determining changes in the frequency of occurrence of overweight and underweight among girls and boys from this region, as the negative effects of improvements in life conditions include an increase in overweight and obesity, which in some countries takes the form of epidemics.Research aim was determine changes over time in the frequency of occurrence of underweight and overweight (including obesity) among children and adolescents in Eastern Poland considering social variation.Research methods. Information was obtained applying a questionnaire survey concerning the educational level of parents and the number of children in the family. The standards recommended by the International Obesity Task Force were used for the evaluation of underweight and overweight including obesity, based on the BMI index.Research results. During the period of time between 1998 and 2007, an increase was observed in the frequency of occurrence of overweight and obesity, accompanied by a decrease in underweight among boys. In girls, an opposite trend was noted – an increase in the number of underweight girls and a decrease in the frequency of occurrence of overweight and obesity. In addition, social differences were noted concerning BMI values: girls and boys with overweight and obesity most often came from families with lower levels of parental education and a larger number of children in the family.Conclusions and perspectives. The education of parents and the number of children, in spite of observed social and economic positive changes in Poland, still have an infl uence on the frequency of occurrence of overweight and obesity in children and the youth of the rural areas.Keywords: body mass index, time changes, social conditions.

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