scholarly journals Design and test of a self-adaptive bionic polycrystalline diamond compact bit inspired by cat claw

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 168781401881024
Author(s):  
Qiongqiong Tang ◽  
Wei Guo ◽  
Ke Gao ◽  
Rongfeng Gao ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Soft Rock ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond ◽  
Rake Angle ◽  
The Self ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Short Service Life ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond Compact ◽  
Rock Strata ◽  
Self Adaptive

Cats protract claws while hunting or pawing on the ground and retract to muscles when relaxing. Inspired by this behavior, and in order to solve the problem of short service life and low comprehensive drilling efficiency of polycrystalline diamond compact bits which results from its poor adaptability to soft-hard interbedded strata, a self-adaptive bionic polycrystalline diamond compact bit was designed, which can use the elastic element to adjust its back-rake angle according to the formation hardness to improve the adaptability of polycrystalline diamond compact bits. Theoretical analysis and drilling test results show that the self-adaptive bionic polycrystalline diamond compact bit has a strong adaptability to soft-hard interbedded rock strata. When drilling in soft rock, the back-rake angle is small and the rate of penetration is high; when drilling in hard rock, the angle becomes larger to reduce the abnormal damage of cutters. Thus, it can improve the integrated drilling efficiency and service life of polycrystalline diamond compact bits. In the whole drilling test, the average penetration rate of the self-adaptive bionic polycrystalline diamond compact bit increases by 10%–13% over conventional polycrystalline diamond compact bits with the same dimension and material.

scholarly journals Bionic design and test of polycrystalline diamond compact bit for hard rock drilling in coal mine

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 168781402092318
Author(s):  
Chuanliu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Hard Rock ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Bionic Design ◽  
Rock Drilling ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond Compact

For hard rock drilling in coal mine, the drilling efficiency and service life of polycrystalline diamond compact bit are very low. To overcome these shortcomings, the bionic technology is applied to the design and processing of polycrystalline diamond compact bit. The bit body and polycrystalline diamond compact cutter are designed as bionic structures, and the test of the bionic polycrystalline diamond compact bit is carried out. Test results show that, when drilling in fine sandstone with hardness greater than 9, the performance of the bionic polycrystalline diamond compact bit is significantly improved. Comparing with the Φ113-mm concave polycrystalline diamond compact bit, the service life and drilling efficiency of the A-type bionic polycrystalline diamond compact bit increase by 54% and 230%, respectively, the service life and drilling efficiency of the B-type bionic polycrystalline diamond compact bit increase by 345% and 204%, respectively, which show that the bionic design of polycrystalline diamond compact bit can provide a new research idea for hard rock drilling in coal mine. Also the test results indicate that, when processing the bionic polycrystalline diamond compact cutter, the linear cutting process will cause thermal damage to the diamond layer of polycrystalline diamond compact cutter, while the cold grinding process shows higher comprehensive performance, therefore the one-time synthesis of bionic polycrystalline diamond compact cutter is the future research direction.

Design front rake angle of PDC bit based on SolidWorks simulation method

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoming HAN ◽  
Chenxu LUO ◽  
Xingyu HAN
Keyword(s):  
Hard Rock ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Soft Rock ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Rake Angle ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Pdc Bit ◽  
Coal Rock ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond Compact

<span lang="EN-US">In order to solve the bit front rake angle parameter selection problem of under different coal rock, it is proposed in polycrystalline diamond compact no core bit as the research object, and established a bit compact two-dimensional stress model of cutting teeth. The result shows that the front rake angle is the factor of cutting force and the drilling efficiency. Application of SolidWorks simulation carries out the finite element simulation analysis respectively to different front rake angle of bit model under the condition of soft rock and hard rock. Form the simulation it concludes that under the condition of soft rock and hard rock, the optimal front rake angle is 10° and 15° respectively. It is obtained that the strength of the bit is largest and the life is longest on the best front rake angle of bit.</span>

Wear Characteristics of Polycrystalline Diamond Compact Drill Bits in Small Diameter Rock Drilling

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 534-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Hough ◽  
B. Das
Keyword(s):  
Small Diameter ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Failure Characteristics ◽  
Wear Characteristics ◽  
Drill Bits ◽  
Rotary Speed ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond Compact ◽  
Single Material

The wear characteristics of polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) drill bits were investigated in the context of drilling small holes in a hard abrasive medium. An efficient method for measuring wear of the PDC drill bits was developed. The wear test results were grouped or categorized in terms of rotary speed, feed and wear or failure characteristics. Contrary to the three classical wear phases (break-in, uniform wear and rapid breakdown) of the single material cutters, four distinctive wear phases were formed for the PDC cutters: I–break-in, II–diamond wear, III–carbide wear, and IV–rapid breakdown. The characteristics of the wear phases were identified and some suggestions were made to alleviate the wear problem.

Fragmentation Characteristics of Rocks Under Indentation by a Single Polycrystalline Diamond Compact Cutter

2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaosheng Ji ◽  
Huaizhong Shi ◽  
Xianwei Dai ◽  
Hengyu Song ◽  
Gensheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Force ◽  
Brittle Failure ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond ◽  
Rake Angle ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Initiation Point ◽  
Pdc Bit ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond Compact

Abstract Polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) bit accounts for the most drilling footage in the development of deep and geothermal resources. The goal of this paper is to investigate the PDC cutter-rock interaction and reveal the rock fragmentation mechanism. A series of loading and unloading tests are conducted to obtain the curves of contact force versus penetration displacement. A single practical PDC cutter is fixed on the designed clamping devices that are mounted on the servo experiment system TAW-1000 in the tests. The craters morphology and quantified data were obtained by scanning the fragmented rock specimen using a three-dimensional morphology scanner. Finally, a numerical model is established to get the stress and deformation fields of the rock under a single PDC cutter. The results show that there are two kinds of failure modes, i.e., brittle failure and plastic failure, in the loading process. Marble is more prone to brittle fracture and has the lowest specific energy, followed by shale and granite. The brittle failure in marble mainly occurs behind the cutter while that happens ahead of the cutter for shale. Curves of contact force versus penetration displacement illustrate that a cutter with a back rake angle of 40 deg has a better penetration result than that with a back rake angle of 30 deg. Enhancing loading speed has a positive effect on brittle fragmentation. The distribution of von Mises stress indicates the initiation point and direction, which has a good agreement with the experiment. The research is of great significance for optimizing the PDC bit design and increasing the rate of penetration.

Study on Composite Design Suitable for High Hardness and Strong Abrasive Formation

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Dongdong Song ◽  
Yingxin Yang ◽  
Haitao Ren
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Stress Field ◽  
Impact Load ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Rock Breaking ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Wear And Tear ◽  
Thermal Wear ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond Compact

PDC (Polycrystalline Diamond Compact bit) composite is the most important cutting element of petroleum bit, which performance directly affects the service effect and service life of the bit. During the drilling process, the cutter will produce a large amount of friction heat when cutting the rock, resulting in a sharp increase in the internal temperature of the cutter. When the temperature reaches a certain value, thermal wear and tear are very easy to occur, which will not only cause diamond delamination but also reduce the wear resistance of the cutter. Under the action of impact load, impact failure is more likely to occur, which greatly reduces the service life of the cutter and the rock-breaking efficiency of the drill bit. Therefore, this paper studies the composite interface suitable for high-temperature drilling through the changes of cutting tooth temperature field and stress field with different interface shapes, which shows that the non-planar interface is more suitable for improving the cutting tooth life of composite under the action of comprehensive stress field.

Relative Significance of Multiple Parameters on the Mechanical Specific Energy and Frictional Responses of Polycrystalline Diamond Compact Cutters

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Babak Akbari ◽  
Stefan Z. Miska
Keyword(s):  
Specific Energy ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Rake Angle ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Relative Significance ◽  
Mechanical Specific Energy ◽  
Wellbore Pressure ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond Compact

A high pressure single polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) cutter testing facility was used to investigate the effect of five factors on PDC cutter performance on Alabama marble. The factors include: depth of cut (DOC), rotary speed, back rake angle, side rake angle, and confining (wellbore) pressure. The performance is quantified by two parameters: mechanical specific energy (MSE) and friction angle. Fractional factorial design of experiments methodology was used to design the experiments, enabling detection of potential interactions between factors. Results show that, in the range tested, the only statistically significant factor affecting the MSE is DOC. In other words, DOC's influence is predominant and it can mask the effect of all the other factors. These results could have applications in real time pore pressure detection. Further, the results show that back rake angle is the most statistically significant factor in friction angle. Side rake angle and depth of cut also affect the friction angle, but in a relatively unimportant manner. The MSE–DOC behavior is explained and modeled by cutter edge–groove friction and the circular cutter shape. It is speculated that high cutter edge friction overwhelms the actual cutting process. A comparison of five currently present models in the literature with these results is presented and the conclusion is that the future PDC cutter models should digress from the traditional shear failure plane models.

Development of New PDC Bits for Drilling of Geothermal Wells—Part 1: Laboratory Testing

1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Karasawa ◽  
S. Misawa
Keyword(s):  
Hard Rock ◽  
Rock Type ◽  
Penetration Rate ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond ◽  
Rock Cutting ◽  
Rake Angle ◽  
Well Drilling ◽  
Pdc Bit ◽  
Geothermal Wells ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond Compact

Rock cutting, drilling and durability tests were conducted in order to obtain data to design polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) bits for geothermal well drilling. Both conventional and new PDC bits with different rake angles were tested. The rock cutting tests revealed that cutting forces were minimized at −10 deg rake angle independent of rock type. In drilling and durability tests, a bit with backrake and siderake angles of −10 or −15 deg showed better performance concerning the penetration rate and the cutter strength. The new PDC bit exhibited better performance as compared to the conventional one, especially in hard rock drilling. Furthermore, a new PDC core bit (98.4 mm o. d., 66 mm i. d.) with eight cutters could be successfully applied to granite drilling equally as well as a bit with twelve cutters.

scholarly journals Study on geometry and kinematics of spherical single-roller PDC bit

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 168781401668385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyan Kong ◽  
Zheng Liang ◽  
Derong Zhang ◽  
Shili Chang
Keyword(s):  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Soft Rock ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Rock Stratum ◽  
Simulation Research ◽  
Pdc Bit ◽  
Structural Design Optimization ◽  
Velocity Equation ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond Compact

A spherical single-roller bit based on polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) cutters is designed for the purposes of improving the adaptability of single-roller bit to the stratum with high hardness and abrasiveness. According to the characteristics of cutter shape, the distribution of cutter, as well as the mode of contact between cutter and rock, the methods of space analysis and coordination projection are used to establish the geometrical equation for the single-roller bit with PDC cutters and the velocity equation for the PDC cutters, to describe the change rules between the velocity and other parameters. It is concluded that the velocity is subject to high influence by the shaft inclination angle and the positions of PDC cutters, but is subject to low influence by the radius, lateral rotation angle, and front inclination angle of PDC cutters; the velocity of cutters can be affected by the rock stratum to some extent and is higher in soft rock than in hard rock; the velocity of PDC cutters varies at different positions on the roller, and the absolute velocity of the most cutters on the roller will become stable along with the increase in the shaft inclination angle, while great increase will be found in the velocity of the cutters near the top of roller, where the distribution of cutters is to be strengthened; the shaft inclination angle is to be designed larger than 53° and is suggested to range from 53° to 70°. This study lays the foundation for the computer simulation research related to the single-roller PDC bits and the structural design optimization of cutter surfaces.

Modeling of Cutting Rock: From PDC Cutter to PDC Bit—Modeling of PDC Cutter

SPE Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Pengju Chen ◽  
Stefan Miska ◽  
Mengjiao Yu ◽  
Evren Ozbayoglu
Keyword(s):  
Stress State ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond ◽  
Rake Angle ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
3D Space ◽  
Pdc Bit ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond Compact ◽  
Good Agreement

Summary The main purpose of this paper is to present our polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) cutter model and its verification. The PDC cutter model we developed is focused on a PDC cutter cutting a rock in 3D space. The model studies the forces between a cutter and a rock and applies the theory of poroelasticity to calculate the stress state of the rock during the cutting process. Once the stress state of the rock is obtained, the model can then predict rock failure by the modified Lade criterion (Ewy 1999). This work also developed a trial-and-error procedure to predict cutting forces, and the stress state of a rock before cutting process is also considered. A complete verification of the cutter model is conducted. The model results (i.e., predicted cutting forces) are compared with measured cutting forces from cutter tests in multiple published articles. The major influencing factors on cutting forces—backrake angle, side-rake angle, depths of cut, worn depth (or wear flat area), and hydrostatic pressure—are all studied and verified. A good agreement between the model results and cutter test data is found, and the overall mean relative error is approximately 15%. The influence of inhomogeneous precut stress state of a rock is also studied. Overall, the cutter model in this paper is complete and accurate. It is ready to be integrated into a PDC bit model.

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