Cell death pattern of a varicose vein organ culture model

The study aimed to investigate the viability of a varicose vein (VV) organ culture model by assessing cell death pattern. To assess pattern of cell death with time, VV organ cultures were incubated for up to 14 days with regular medium changed. To assess viability, cell death of VV organ cultures treated with sodium azide and their untreated counterparts was assayed. Increased cell death was measured in VV organ cultures from day 0 to 2. Cell death decreased gradually after day 2 and plateaued from day 8 to 14. VV organ cultures treated with sodium azide demonstrated significantly more cell death in tissue ( P = 0.001). Cell death measured in cultures treated with sodium azide continued to increase until day 7. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the viability of a VV organ culture model with most cell death occurred within the first two days and then declined to a relatively low level.

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Hypothermia protects retinal ganglion cells against hypoxia‐induced cell death in a retina organ culture model

Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology ◽

10.1111/ceo.13565 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (8) ◽

pp. 1043-1054 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Patricia Klemm ◽

José Hurst ◽

Matthias Dias Blak ◽

Thoralf Herrmann ◽

Marion Melchinger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Organ Culture ◽

Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽

Ganglion Cells ◽

Retinal Ganglion ◽

Culture Model

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Programmed NP Cell Death Induced by Mitochondrial ROS in a One-Strike Loading Disc Degeneration Organ Culture Model

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2021/5608133 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-17

Author(s):

Bao-Liang Li ◽

Xizhe Liu ◽

Manman Gao ◽

Fu Zhang ◽

Xu Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Organ Culture ◽

Cell Viability ◽

Mechanical Stress ◽

Disc Degeneration ◽

Early Time ◽

Time Points ◽

Physiological Loading ◽

Mitochondrial Ros ◽

Culture Model

Increasing evidence has indicated that mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) play critical roles in mechanical stress-induced lumbar degenerative disc disease (DDD). However, the detailed underlying pathological mechanism needs further investigation. In this study, we utilized a one-strike loading disc degeneration organ culture model to explore the responses of intervertebral discs (IVDs) to mechanical stress. IVDs were subjected to a strain of 40% of the disc height for one second and then cultured under physiological loading. Mitoquinone mesylate (MitoQ) or other inhibitors were injected into the IVDs. IVDs subjected to only physiological loading culture were used as controls. Mitochondrial membrane potential was significantly depressed immediately after mechanical stress ( P < 0.01 ). The percentage of ROS-positive cells significantly increased in the first 12 hours after mechanical stress and then declined to a low level by 48 hours. Pretreatment with MitoQ or rotenone significantly decreased the proportion of ROS-positive cells ( P < 0.01 ). Nucleus pulposus (NP) cell viability was sharply reduced at 12 hours after mechanical stress and reached a stable status by 48 hours. While the levels of necroptosis- and apoptosis-related markers were significantly increased at 12 hours after mechanical stress, no significant changes were observed at day 7. Pretreatment with MitoQ increased NP cell viability and alleviated the marker changes by 12 hours after mechanical stress. Elevated mitochondrial ROS levels were also related to extracellular matrix (ECM) degeneration signs, including catabolic marker upregulation, anabolic marker downregulation, increased glycosaminoglycan (GAG) loss, IVD dynamic compressive stiffness reduction, and morphological degradation changes at the early time points after mechanical stress. Pretreatment with MitoQ alleviated some of these degenerative changes by 12 hours after mechanical stress. These changes were eliminated by day 7. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that mitochondrial ROS act as important regulators of programmed NP cell death and ECM degeneration in IVDs at early time points after mechanical stress.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Caspase-independent cell engulfment mirrors cell death pattern in Drosophila embryos.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1007418.198503 ◽

2003 ◽

Author(s):

Michael Hengartner

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Cell Death Pattern ◽

Cell Engulfment ◽

Drosophila Embryos

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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Blockade Induces Dermal Endothelial Cell Apoptosis in a Clinically Relevant Skin Organ Culture Model

Skin Pharmacology and Physiology ◽

10.1159/000508344 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 110-118

Author(s):

Andrea Luengas-Martinez ◽

Jonathan Hardman-Smart ◽

David Rutkowski ◽

Talveen S. Purba ◽

Ralf Paus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Endothelial Cell ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Organ Culture ◽

Cell Apoptosis ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Endothelial Cell Apoptosis ◽

Culture Model ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Skin Organ Culture

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Methamphetamine Induces Autophagy and Apoptosis in a Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neuronal Culture Model: Role of Cathepsin-D in Methamphetamine-Induced Apoptotic Cell Death

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1196/annals.1369.022 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 1074 (1) ◽

pp. 234-244 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

A. KANTHASAMY ◽

V ANANTHARAM ◽

S. F ALI ◽

A.G KANTHASAMY

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Cathepsin D ◽

Apoptotic Cell ◽

Apoptotic Cell Death ◽

Neuronal Culture ◽

Culture Model

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The Culture in vitro of Urogenital Organs of Pleurodeles waltlii

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.10.4.465 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 465-470

Author(s):

Charles L. Foote ◽

Florence M. Foote

Keyword(s):

Organ Culture ◽

Germ Cells ◽

Culture Medium ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Rana Catesbeiana ◽

Sex Differentiation ◽

Organ Cultures ◽

Tissue And Organ Culture ◽

Pleurodeles Waltlii

Earlier reports (Foote & Foote, 1958a, b, 1959) describe growth and maintenance in vitro of larval organs, particularly gonads, of Rana catesbeiana and Xenopus laevis. Immature germ cells of both testes and ovaries are well maintained in vitro, especially if the culture medium is supplemented with watersoluble sex-hormonal substances, although germ cells in process of maturation become necrotic. Recently some urogenital organs from the salamander, Pleurodeles waltlii, have been grown in vitro. Tissues and organs from this amphibian might prove to be more suitable for tissue and organ culture investigations than those of Anurans. Animals at three different ages were used in this study: recently hatched larvae, metamorphosing animals, and adults. To determine whether sex differentiation would occur in vitro, trunk portions of young larvae of Pleurodeles waltlii of developmental stages 37–38 (Gallien & Durocher, 1957) were placed in organ cultures.

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THE CULTIVATION OF TISSUES FOR PROLONGED PERIODS IN SINGLE FLASKS

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.64.1.121 ◽

1936 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 121-130 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Raymond C. Parker

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Chick Embryo ◽

Connective Tissue ◽

Breast Muscle ◽

Cell Multiplication ◽

Tyrode Solution ◽

Low Level ◽

Further Development

1. Fragments of breast muscle from a 12 day old chick embryo have been kept alive in single flasks for an entire year without being transferred. The nutrient materials were supplied by frequent applications of adult fowl serum diluted with Tyrode solution. 2. When fragments of fixed tissues are cultivated in serum, cell multiplication and cell death are both reduced to an extremely low level. 3. The presence of a plasma coagulum is not essential to the continued survival and further development of tissues cultivated inserum. 4. The fibrinogen, prothrombin, and fibrin of coagulated plasma are not essential to the development of connective tissue fibers in vitro.

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NF-κB and AP-1 Activation by Nitric Oxide Attenuated Apoptotic Cell Death in RAW 264.7 Macrophages

Molecular Biology of the Cell ◽

10.1091/mbc.10.2.361 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 361-372 ◽

Cited By ~ 112

Author(s):

Andreas von Knethen ◽

Dagmar Callsen ◽

Bernhard Brüne

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Cell Death ◽

Low Dose ◽

Apoptotic Cell ◽

Apoptotic Cell Death ◽

Raw 264.7 ◽

Raw 264.7 Macrophages ◽

Low Level ◽

Ifn Γ ◽

Cox 2

A toxic dose of the nitric oxide (NO) donorS-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO; 1 mM) promoted apoptotic cell death of RAW 264.7 macrophages, which was attenuated by cellular preactivation with a nontoxic dose of GSNO (200 μM) or with lipopolysaccharide, interferon-γ, and NG-monomethyl-l-arginine (LPS/IFN-γ/NMMA) for 15 h. Protection from apoptosis was achieved by expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2). Here we investigated the underlying mechanisms leading to Cox-2 expression. LPS/IFN-γ/NMMA prestimulation activated nuclear factor (NF)-κB and promoted Cox-2 expression. Cox-2 induction by low-dose GSNO demanded activation of both NF-κB and activator protein-1 (AP-1). NF-κB supershift analysis implied an active p50/p65 heterodimer, and a luciferase reporter construct, containing four copies of the NF-κB site derived from the murine Cox-2 promoter, confirmed NF-κB activation after NO addition. An NF-κB decoy approach abrogated not only Cox-2 expression after low-dose NO or after LPS/IFN-γ/NMMA but also inducible protection. The importance of AP-1 for Cox-2 expression and cell protection by low-level NO was substantiated by using the extracellular signal-regulated kinase inhibitor PD98059, blocking NO-elicited Cox-2 expression, but leaving the cytokine signal unaltered. Transient transfection of a dominant-negative c-Jun mutant further attenuated Cox-2 expression by low-level NO. Whereas cytokine-mediated Cox-2 induction relies on NF-κB activation, a low-level NO–elicited Cox-2 response required activation of both NF-κB and AP-1.

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