An Abuse of Disability? Assessing Treatment Outcome in Sexual Offenders with Learning Disabilities

1999 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 188-193
Author(s):  
T. M. Riding
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Client Group ◽  
Disproportionate Number ◽  
Special Hospital

There is growing recognition that, of the small proportion of people with learning disabilities who do offend, a disproportionate number are likely to have committed offences of a sexual nature. Perhaps of greater concern is the lack of empirical data to support the diversity of clinical interventions employed with this client group, and an absence of objective criteria for determining the outcome of such interventions. This paper describes initial findings of a study designed to assess treatment outcomes in eight male sexual offenders with learning disabilities currently detained in a special hospital. Data were collected through a range of quantitative research instruments in order to establish the utility of various assessment methods. Results obtained demonstrate positive shifts in several of the areas targeted during treatment. However, difficulties in the use of quantitative instruments with such inherently small samples are highlighted and discussed, and the paper, therefore, concludes by outlining how the research will develop hereafter through the development of a more qualitatively oriented, ordinal assessment instrument.

ENDOCRINE CHANGES IN MALE SEXUAL DEVIANTS AFTER TREATMENT WITH ANTI-ANDROGENS, OESTROGENS OR TRANQUILLIZERS

1975 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. F. MURRAY ◽  
J. H. J. BANCROFT ◽  
D. C. ANDERSON ◽  
T. G. TENNENT ◽  
P. J. CARR
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Cyproterone Acetate ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Hormone Binding ◽  
Endocrine Effects ◽  
Threefold Increase ◽  
Special Hospital

SUMMARY The endocrine effects of drugs on two groups of 12 male sexual offenders in a special hospital were studied. In the first study benperidol, chlorpromazine and placebo were compared and in the second ethynyl oestradiol and cyproterone acetate were compared with no treatment. In the first study there was no difference between the three drugs in their effects on plasma testosterone or luteinizing hormone (LH). In the second study cyproterone acetate produced a reduction in plasma testosterone, LH and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Ethynyl oestradiol produced a rise in plasma testosterone and LH, and no change in FSH. Neither drug changed total plasma oestrogen levels. The unexpected effects of ethynyl oestradiol were attributed to an increase in sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) leading to a rise in bound, inactive testosterone. Direct measurement showed a two- to threefold increase in SHBG with ethynyl oestradiol treatment and no change in SHBG with cyproterone acetate treatment. In spite of these contrasting endocrine effects, ethynyl oestradiol, cyproterone acetate and benperidol produced similar behavioural changes.

scholarly journals Treatment outcome of tuberculosis at Dilla Referral Hospital, Gedeo Zone, southern Ethiopia: A retrospective study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249369
Author(s):  
Endrias Markos Woldesemayat ◽  
Zewtir Azeze
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Treatment Success Rate ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Tb Treatment

Background Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major public health problems in Ethiopia. Determining treatment outcome of TB cases could help to understand the effectiveness of TB control efforts. The objective of this study was to assess TB treatment outcome and associated factors and determine the risk factors of death among TB cases who were on Directly Observed Treatment Short course (DOTS). Methodology We analyzed a retrospective data for TB cases who were on DOTS at Dilla Referral Hospital from July 2011- June 2016. The study population was TB cases with known HIV status and whose treatment outcome was evaluated at the Hospital. Data were entered, cleaned and analyzed using statistical package SPSS for windows, version 20. Result Out of 899 registered TB cases, 731 included in this analysis. Of these cases, 424 (58.0%) were male and 334 (45.7%) were in the age group of below 25 years. Treatment success rate of TB was 675 (92.3%) and death rate was 18 (2.5%). Treatment outcome showed statistically significant variation by HIV status (P < 0.001). HIV status of the TB cases and pretreatment weight were associated with TB treatment outcome. HIV status of the TB cases was associated with death of the TB cases (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 5.0; CI 95%: 1.8–13.5). Conclusion TB treatment success rate found in this study was high. Patient’s weight and HIV status were associated with treatment outcome. Moreover, HIV status predicted death of TB cases. Cautious treatment follow-up and defaulter tracing mechanisms for TB cases with these risk factors were suggested.

Impact of Covid-19 on people with learning disabilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Amanda Halliwell
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
The World ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Disproportionate Number

As the world enters the second year of the Covid-19 pandemic, Amanda Halliwell reviews the disproportionate number of deaths of people with learning disabilities from the virus

scholarly journals READINESS TO CHANGE IN JEMURSARI ISLAMIC HOSPITAL IN CHANGE TO BE A EDUCATIONAL HOSPITAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Rina Dwi Novita ◽  
Nyoman Anita Damayanti
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Readiness To Change ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Readiness Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Average Value ◽  
And Training

ABSTRACTSurabaya Islamic Hospital Foundation is preparing Jemursari Islamic Hospital to become an educational hospital bacause University of Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya as a medical institution is required to have at least one primary educational hospital. Jemursari Islamic Hospital  has conducted self assessment related to the readiness to become educational hospital in 2017 and resulted in a total value of 88.34%. This research aims to describe the readiness to change at the Islamic Hospital Jemursari in the change into an educational hospital. This research was conducted at Islamic Hospital of Jemursari in period of October 2017-July 2018. This research is descriptive research because it describes readiness to change at Jemursari Islamic Hospital in the change to become educational hospital without any statistical calculation. This research is a quantitative research using cross-sectional method. Sampling method with proportional random sampling technique to get sample of 88 people spread in all work units at Jemursari Islamic Hospital. Data collection using questionnaires readiness guide for readiness assessment consisting of five indicators namely communication, sponsorship, stakeholder, readiness, and training. The results showed that the indicator of communication at Jemusari Islamic Hospital has the lowest average value (4.32) and has a slightly ready level. The stakeholder indicator has the highest average score (5.06) and has a ready level. In addition, indicators of sponsorship, readiness, and training have a ready level. In conclusion, based on these five indicators, most respondents (87,23%) at Jemursari Islamic Hospital are ready to change from non-educational hospital to educational hospital. The advice given is to improve communication related to the change into an educational hospital, so that all indicators become ready. Keywords: hospital, educational hospital, readiness to change

scholarly journals Assess the attitude and perception regarding mental illness among the care givers of mentally ill patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 3078-3082
Author(s):  
Angelin Lavanya ◽  
Vishnu Priya
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Care Givers

Mental health is defined as a state of well being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stress of the life, can work productively and fruitfully and is able to make a contribution towards his or her own community. Mental illness refers to a condition of emotional and mental impairment that disturbs a person’s thinking, mood and ability that relate to others and daily functioning. The aim of the study was to assess the attitude and perception regarding mental illness among the care givers at saveetha medical college and hospital. A quantitative research approach was adopted with convenient sampling technique to select 100 care givers of mentally ill patients at saveetha medical college and hospital. Data was collected by using self - structured questionnaire technique. The data was organized and analyzed in term of descriptive statistics. Association between the level of attitude and the selected demographic variables were analyzed in which there is a significant association between the demographic variables such as education, residence and the type of care givers regarding mental illness. In related to on assessing the association between the level of perception and the selected demographic variables were analyzed in which there is a significant association between the gender, education, occupation, type of family and the type of care givers. This study has demonstrated that the care givers has a decreased level of attitude in relation to education, residence, type of care givers and decreased level of perception in related to gender, occupation, education, type of family and the type of care givers. The study concluded that the care givers have a low level of attitude and perception in related to mental illness.

scholarly journals Sustainable Transformation of Consumer Behavior—Vector Modeling in Determining the Decision to Choose a Medical Service in the Context of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13025
Author(s):  
Raluca-Giorgiana (Popa) Chivu ◽  
Ionuț-Claudiu Popa ◽  
Adrian Mociu ◽  
Petre-Sorin Savin ◽  
Robert-Ionuț Popa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Behavioral Model ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Healthcare Provision ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
The Individual

Consumer behavior has been a topic of interest since ancient times, from the point of view of both the socio-human sciences (psychology, sociology) and the economy; the consumer is seen as a producer of income. With the emergence and development of services in the economic sphere, the consumer has become the beneficiary of those services, with the same role of generating revenue and profits for suppliers. In the field of healthcare provision, the analysis of consumer behavior is a delicate subject because there are no standard behavioral models (not only due to the confidentiality of information that does not allow data to be obtained by researchers but also due to individual particularities regarding the need for health services). Moreover, in the context of COVID-19, the attitude of their beneficiaries toward health services has changed compared to what experts have recorded in the past, as pandemic restrictions and fear of the new virus have led to changes in behavior and people’s decisions regarding health services. For this study, quantitative research was conducted, complemented by a conceptual, behavioral model, on the satisfaction levels of health service beneficiaries in the context of COVID-19. In this research, numerous variables were analyzed regarding the protection measures implemented by medical institutions whose services have benefited from the perceived urgency. The research was conducted in Romania on a sample of 100 people from the southeast region, in order to observe to what extent the analyzed factors inform their decisions. According to government statistics, only 80% of Romania’s population uses medical services. Given the sample size, the PLS-SEM method of analysis was used, which, according to the recommendations identified in the literature, is the most appropriate technique for small samples due to the individual method of analyzing the links between variables, leading to significant results. Technological evolution and the digitization of some procedures within the medical services (such as making online appointments and online or telephone consultations) represents only one factor analyzed in the process of determining the satisfaction levels of the beneficiaries of health services in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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