scholarly journals One size fits not quite all: Universal research ethics with diversity

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed S Msoroka ◽  
Diana Amundsen
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Ethical Research ◽  
Human Research Ethics ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Universal Principles ◽  
Ethical Norms

For researchers in Aotearoa New Zealand who intend to conduct research with people, it is common practice to first ensure that their proposals are approved by a Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC). HRECs take the role of reviewing, approving or rejecting research proposals and deciding on whether the intended research will be completed in the ‘right’, rather than the ‘wrong’ way. Such decisions are based upon a system which is guided by universal ethical principles – principles that assume there is universal agreement about the ethically right way to conduct research. Increasingly, Aotearoa New Zealand is becoming more culturally diverse. Actions that are assumed as ‘right’ in reference to ethical norms endorsed in one culture or society may not always be considered ‘right’ in reference to ethical norms in another culture or society. In this article we first set out what is already known in the literature about the origins and applications of universal ethics in a research context. Next, we analyse how cultural values and beliefs bear influence on the process of ethical deliberation. Two case studies illustrate our own examples of how conducting ethical research projects following universal principles with cultural diversity operated in practice. We conclude that one size fits not quite all. Lastly, we propose that Aotearoa New Zealand HRECs may need to consider expanding their approach from universal ethical principles to include a more diverse interpretation of what is ‘ethical research conduct’. Rather than advocating a radical approach, i.e. either universality or diversity, it is time for HRECs to consider a hybrid approach of universality with diversity that permits partial detour from universal principles when considering ethics application proposals.

scholarly journals Caring for children with disabilities in a foreign land: Experiences and perceptions of a group of Korean parents and professionals

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Choi ◽  
Hong-Jae Park ◽  
Michael O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Immigrant Parents ◽  
Korean Immigrant ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Korean Parents ◽  
Parents Experiences

INTRODUCTION: This article aims to provide an overview of the experiences of Korean immigrant parents raising children with disabilities in Aotearoa New Zealand, primarily focusing on their experience of disability services and systems.METHODS: As the present exploratory study aimed to gain a deeper understanding of immigrant parents’ experiences and perceptions, a qualitative approach was employed to collect rich and lived information from participants. Ten participants were recruited and interviewed among Korean parents of children with disabilities and professionals working with those families.FINDINGS: Lack of trust among Korean parents living in Aotearoa New Zealand was frequently discussed by the participants in the present study. Lack of information around available services and alternative support and cultural barriers were often identified to have a significant impact on Korean parents’ experiences with services. A sense of obligation to integrate into the host society and the services provided was also evident. Further, there was a contradictory perception between parents and associated professionals in relation to services’ expectations of Korean parents. CONCLUSIONS: From analysis of the findings, three main themes emerged: experiences of services and its relations with trust, cultural values and expectations, and looking to the future. The study suggests that there is a need for professionals, service providers and government to consider ways to build trusting relationships with Korean parents and their children with disabilities, and makes a number of recommendations.  

scholarly journals Mobilising tofā sa’ili for ECE leadership: A talanoa confronting dominant conceptualisations from a Pasifika perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Maria Cooper ◽  
Jacoba Matapo
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
The Self ◽  
Reciprocal Relationships ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
The Past ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Looking Back

Leadership is about all of us, but dominant frames of leadership serve only a few. In this commentary, we challenge the dominance of Western notions of leadership as linear influence relationships in order to shift Pasifika engagement from the margins. For us, ta’ita’i (Pasifika leadership) is centred on serving, not the self, but the collective spirit. It is expansive, holistic, and grounded in reciprocal relationships between people, nature, the cosmos and those of the past, present, and future. Looking back to the teachings of our families and ancestors can guide us in leading communities with strength, unity, and connection. Rather than deny the legitimate place of Western notions of leadership or romanticise ideas of Pasifika leadership, through talanoa (open talk), we mobilise tofā sa’ili (a search for wisdom and meaning) by engaging with traditional Pasifika cultural values and philosophies that hold significance for leadership in early childhood education in Aotearoa New Zealand. In doing so, we hope to open up pathways of thinking that move us beyond individualistic framings of leadership, while honouring Pasifika ways of knowing and being in serving the collective.

scholarly journals Driving Through the East

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
Elyjana Roach
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Assumptions ◽  
Landscape Architect ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
The People ◽  
The Future ◽  
Decision Making Processes

This intervention asks how the people of Porirua can feel empowered and included in the decision-making processes that will shape the future of their city. I draw on my experiences as a life-long resident, activist, artist, architect, landscape architect, and urban designer in Porirua to find answers. I have found that young Pasifika are very concerned about whether their cultural values will be represented in housing and development in Porirua. This speaks to an issue facing the country as whole: while the Pasifika population continues to grow in size and importance in Aotearoa New Zealand, they are subject to flawed cultural assumptions, and are frequently overlooked or misunderstood in decision-making processes that will have profound impacts upon their future. There is room for more talanoa between Pasifika in Aotearoa New Zealand, and between Pasifika and the wider population. It is only when architects and planners expand their cultural kete that they will provide suitable housing and neighbourhoods for Pasifika.

scholarly journals Sustainable prosperity and enterprises for Maori communities in Aotearoa New Zealand: a review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tia Neha ◽  
Angus Macfarlane ◽  
Sonja Macfarlane ◽  
Te Hurinui Clarke ◽  
Melissa Derby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cultural Dynamics ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Study Context ◽  
Community Enterprises

Purpose The research in the field of Indigenous peoples and the espousal of their cultural values in the work environment is recognised as being important as a means of overcoming workplace inequities. The purpose of this paper is to examine research about Maori, the Indigenous people of Aotearoa New Zealand that may inform future enterprises for the long-term prosperity of marginalised Indigenous peoples. Design/methodology/approach This study reviews the literature on unique cultural dynamics of whanau Maori (New Zealand Maori family/community) study practices and the importance of work/home/life balance. Furthermore, it considers strengths-based community enterprises that can lead to sustainable prosperity for Maori. Findings The review yielded three theoretical principles that explain mana (sociocultural and psychological well-being), which can be generalised across multiple contexts, with the workplace being one of these contexts. These principles of mana create a contextual match with whanau external realities; an experiential match of a mana empowerment framework that transfers to the study context and an interpersonal understanding of being understood and empowered within the study context. Research limitations/implications The literature review has been limited to research from 2005 onwards and to research that investigates Maori, the Indigenous peoples of Aotearoa New Zealand. Although the review of the literature has these limitations, the review may be of interest to other studies of Indigenous peoples worldwide. Practical implications The key factors are interwoven, and their importance is considered in relation to the development of positive and supportive environments, which link to job retention, satisfaction and productivity in the workplace for Maori. This, in turn, can have beneficial knock-on effects for not only the New Zealand economy but also more importantly for enhancing sustainable livelihoods for upcoming generations. Social implications Tied together, these factors are paramount for cultural, social and ecological benefits for nga rangatahi (young Maori adults) and the wider community in the workplace. Originality/value The literature review’s value and originality derive from a dearth of recent research on supporting nga rangatahi (young Maori adults) for sustainable prosperity.

scholarly journals Haumanu Ipukarea reviving tūrangawaewae, identity and place

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
William Hatton
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Expression ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Beliefs And Values ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
Sense Of Identity

<p>Landscapes are a fundamental component for the identity of people. This is evident through the eyes of the indigenous Māori people who express, like many indigenous cultures, that identity is formed from ones interconnected relationship to the land. For Māori, land is embodied as a part of their identity formed by the principle of whakapapa and importantly mātauranga. Mātauranga Māori is the comprehensive body of traditional indigenous knowledge built over centuries of both physical and metaphysical paradigms. Much of the knowledge obtained, originated from te taiao, where the importance of mountains, rivers, lakes, forests and place, established one’s sense of tūrangawaewae.  Since the first colonial migrations to Aotearoa/New Zealand, much of the traditional knowledge acquired and developed over generation’s are at great risk of western dominance. Western science and knowledge has altered the endemic Aotearoa/New Zealand landscape dramatically depleting many natural ecologies. Forests and waterways continue to be in jeopardy from commercialisation and urbanisation, where the current urban environment questions the way we appreciate and make sense of our endemic natural landscape. Alterations to the land has prompted changes in people’s beliefs and values, and sense of identity.  Mātauranga has slowly begun to be reintroduced into the urban environment as a progressive way forward. This research builds upon the concept to promote mātauranga, reconnecting people and place, and improving one’s sense of identity. With more than 88% of Māori now residing in urban areas, and many non-Māori unaware of indigenous cultural values and beliefs, the focus looks to provide a place of gathering, learning, engaging, reflecting, healing and belonging, preserving and appreciating Aotearoa/New Zealand’s cultural expression of the landscape. The research looks upon a regenerating valley system near the heart of Wellington City, reviving the Māori beliefsof ki uta ki tai and that of hīkoi. The research looks at opportunities to better express and understand bi-culturalism</p>

scholarly journals A home away from home? An interpretative phenomenological analysis of Vietnamese students’ acculturation experiences in Aotearoa-New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hau Ho
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
International Students ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Master's Students ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Hard Time ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Academic Settings

<b>International students’ experiences are a major concern for universities and educational researchers. Globally, Vietnam is a top source country for international students. Universities in Aotearoa-New Zealand host an increasing number of Vietnamese students, but researchers often subsume this group into generic cultural and ethnic categories such as ‘Asian student’. As a result, little is known about their experience.</b><div><b><br></b><p>This study explores the everyday experiences of 10 Vietnamese master’s students from an Aotearoa-New Zealand university through a series of semi-structured in-depth interviews. An interpretative phenomenological analysis approach enabled me to capture the essential meanings of the participants’ experiences and understand what it was like to be Vietnamese students in Aotearoa-New Zealand. </p> <div><b><br></b></div>As the participants built new lives in Aotearoa-New Zealand, they dealt with the practicalities of uncomfortable or difficult housing conditions as well as established relationships within the diverse cultural contexts of the host country. Accommodation issues had a significant impact on their studies and sense of security and belonging. The students had a hard time finding a place to live. Not feeling comfortable, safe or at peace in their new houses, they did not feel like they were at home. They did not view their houses as a place where they could take refuge and leave the hustle of life outside. <p><br></p><p>In academic settings, the students initially struggled to deal with a range of new and unfamiliar learning and teaching styles (e.g., classroom discussion) and conventions about referencing and citing. These made them feel overwhelmed and bewildered. During these formative months, many of them experienced language difficulties, a sense of cultural dislocation, and a deep yearning for their families. These difficulties forced them to learn to deal with challenges and become independent. The students drew strength from their Vietnamese cultural values and practices to overcome difficulties. </p> <p><br></p><p>Based on the findings, I propose a framework for exploring the experience of short-term Vietnamese international students. The study provides implications for host universities to assist Vietnamese students as they orient themselves to daily life in Aotearoa-New Zealand.</p></div>

He Tūhononga Whaiaro: A Kaupapa Māori Approach to Mate Wareware (Dementia) and Cognitive Assessment of Older Māori

2021 ◽  
pp. 073346482110375
Author(s):  
Oliver Menzies ◽  
Margaret Dudley ◽  
Nick Garrett ◽  
Hinemoa Elder ◽  
Piripi Daniels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Social Connection ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Kaupapa Māori

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate Māori (Indigenous peoples of Aotearoa New Zealand) understandings of dementia ( mate wareware) and develop a framework to inform assessment of cognitive impairment. Method: Qualitative, kaupapa Māori (M āori approach) research with 241 older Māori ( kaumātua) involving 17 focus groups across Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ) and eight families ( whānau) from one region. We thematically analyzed transcribed data from audio-recorded interviews. Results: Two overarching themes, namely, connection ( Tūhononga) and self ( Whaiaro), and eight subthemes in particular mind ( hinengaro), spirit ( wairua), body ( tinana), family ( whānau), social connection ( whanaungatanga), identity and role ( tuakiri), place ( wāhi), and ancestors ( tūpuna) emerged. Māori language ( Te Reo Māori) was important for cognitive health. Conclusion: The findings embedded in cultural values improve understanding of dementia ( mate wareware) in Māori. These themes can inform the assessment of older Māori with cognitive impairment. For those without cognitive impairment, the Tūhononga Whaiaro framework suggests factors potentially crucial for healthy aging in Māori.

A study of Aotearoa New Zealand enterprises: how different are Indigenous enterprises?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Jarrod Haar ◽  
William John Martin ◽  
Katharina Ruckstuhl ◽  
Diane Ruwhiu ◽  
Urs Daellenbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
Relational Capital ◽  
Organisational Performance ◽  
Indigenous Literature ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Not For Profit ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Entrepreneurial Culture

Abstract Indigenous literature suggests Māori businesses are distinct within Aotearoa New Zealand, due to facing unique challenges and having different operating preferences. It could also be argued that Māori and non-Māori enterprises in the private, public and not-for-profit sectors are identical as a function of operating in similar markets. However, there is a paucity of empirical evidence, and the present article rectifies this with a study of 230 Aotearoa enterprises, including 24 Māori. We test differences and find Māori enterprises report higher cultural capital, which relates to employees' knowledge and skills towards working with and respecting cultural values. However, we find no differences across human capital, relational capital, entrepreneurial culture, and organisational performance. The findings suggest that apart from a culturally specific factor, Māori and non-Māori enterprises appear to be similarly enabled, which provides a useful benchmark for understanding Māori business. We discuss the implications for research.

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