Acutely increased workload is correlated with significant injuries among national basketball association players

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412110370
Author(s):  
Matthew J Orringer ◽  
Nirav K Pandya
Keyword(s):  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
National Basketball Association ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Critical Importance ◽  
Cumulative Stress ◽  
General Managers ◽  
Injury Occurrence ◽  
Game Activity ◽  
Over Time

Background Particularly at the level of professional athletics, injury prevention is of critical importance. We hypothesized that elevated in-game statistics over a period of 3-10 games places increased cumulative stress on players’ joints and thus predisposes players to injury. Methods Utilizing a comprehensive database of National Basketball Association (NBA) player statistics, we identified 34 NBA players who suffered significant in-game injuries during the 2016-2019 seasons, leading them to miss at least ten consecutive games. We then assessed several potential markers of increased player workload during the cumulative one, three, five, and ten games directly preceding the injuries and compared them to season averages for each player. Results Increased minutes played per game over the cumulative three (4.9% increase, p = 0.04), five (5.8% increase, p = 0.004), and ten (4.0% increase, p = 0.02) games directly preceding injury were closely related to increased injury occurrence. In-game activity level as measured by statistics such as points scored and rebounds per game did not relate to injury occurrence. Conclusion In addition to injury mitigation practices currently used by NBA teams, maintaining players’ minutes played per game constant over time may be an additional effective strategy to be used by coaches and general managers in the future.

scholarly journals Cumulative inertia or cumulative stress? Migration behaviour of Finnish graduates

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mika Haapanen ◽  
Hannu Tervo
Keyword(s):  
Labour Migration ◽  
Hazard Rates ◽  
Cumulative Stress ◽  
Migration Behaviour ◽  
Repeat Migration ◽  
Over Time

An interesting yet largely unstudied question regarding labour migration behaviour and residence duration is whether migration becomes more or less likely over time. This paper analyses the determinants of residence duration for Finnish graduates. Our results affirm the importance of cumulative inertia as a determinant of migration. The longer a person stays in a region, the smaller are the hazard rates of migration. However, for those graduates who moved to a new region during their year of graduation, the propensity for repeat migration is particularly high during their first three years of residence. 

scholarly journals The ‘Icarus effect’ of preventative health behaviors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Carrignon ◽  
R. Alexander Bentley ◽  
Matthew Silk ◽  
Nina H. Fefferman
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Social Learning ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Critical Importance ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Preventative Health ◽  
Individual Observation ◽  
Over Time

1AbstractOngoing efforts to combat the global pandemic of COVID-19 via public health policy have revealed the critical importance of understanding how individuals understand and react to infection risks. We here present a model to explore how both individual observation and social learning are likely to shape behavioral, and therefore epidemiological, dynamics over time. Efforts to delay and reduce infections can compromise their own success, especially in populations with age-structure in both disease risk and social learning —two critical features of the current COVID-19 crisis. Our results concur with anecdotal observations of age-based differences in reactions to public health recommendations. We show how shifting reliance on types of learning affect the course of an outbreak, and could therefore factor into policy-based interventions.

scholarly journals Aerobic exercise capacity is maintained over a 5-year period in mild-to-moderate chronic kidney disease: a longitudinal study

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Wallin ◽  
Eva Jansson ◽  
Carin Wallquist ◽  
Britta Hylander Rössner ◽  
Stefan H. Jacobson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Peak Heart Rate ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Capacity ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Aerobic exercise capacity is reduced in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD), but the magnitude of changes in exercise capacity over time is less known. Our main hypothesis was that aerobic ExCap would decline over 5 years in individuals with mild-to-moderate CKD along with a decline in renal function. A secondary hypothesis was that such a decline in ExCap would be associated with a decline in muscle strength, cardiovascular function and physical activity. Methods We performed a 5-year-prospective study on individuals with mild-to-moderate CKD, who were closely monitored at a nephrology clinic. Fiftytwo individuals with CKD stage 2–3 and 54 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included. Peak workload was assessed through a maximal cycle exercise test. Muscle strength and lean body mass, cardiac function, vascular stiffness, self-reported physical activity level, renal function and haemoglobin level were evaluated. Tests were repeated after 5 years. Statistical analysis of longitudinal data was performed using linear mixed models. Results Exercise capacity did not change significantly over time in either the CKD group or controls, although the absolute workloads were significantly lower in the CKD group. Only in a CKD subgroup reporting low physical activity at baseline, exercise capacity declined. Renal function decreased in both groups, with a larger decline in CKD (p = 0.05 between groups). Peak heart rate, haemoglobin level, handgrip strength, lean body mass and cardiovascular function did not decrease significantly over time in CKD individuals. Conclusions On a group level, aerobic exercise capacity and peak heart rate were maintained over 5 years in patients with well-controlled mild-to-moderate CKD, despite a slight reduction in glomerular filtration rate. In line with the maintained exercise capacity, cardiovascular and muscular function were also preserved. In individuals with mild-to-moderate CKD, physical activity level at baseline seems to have a predictive value for exercise capacity at follow-up.

scholarly journals Canadian Child Safety Report Card: a comparison of injury prevention practices across provinces

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liraz Fridman ◽  
Jessica L Fraser-Thomas ◽  
Ian Pike ◽  
Alison K Macpherson
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hospitalisation Rate ◽  
Report Cards ◽  
Child Safety ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Prevention Policies ◽  
Over Time

BackgroundInjury prevention report cards that raise awareness about the preventability of childhood injuries have been published by the European Child Safety Alliance and the WHO. These report cards highlight the variance in injury prevention practices around the world. Policymakers and stakeholders have identified research evidence as an important enabler to the enactment of injury legislation. In Canada, there is currently no childhood injury report card that ranks provinces on injury rates or evidence-based prevention policies.MethodsThree key measures, with five metrics, were used to compare provinces on childhood injury prevention rates and strategies, including morbidity, mortality and policy indicators over time (2006–2012). Nine provinces were ranked on five metrics: (1) population-based hospitalisation rate/100 000; (2) per cent change in hospitalisation rate/100 000; (3) population-based mortality rate/100 000; (4) per cent change in mortality rate/100 000; (5) evidence-based policy assessment.ResultsOf the nine provinces analysed, British Columbia ranked highest in Canada and Saskatchewan lowest. British Columbia had a morbidity and mortality rate that was close to the Canadian average and decreased over the study period. British Columbia also had a number of injury prevention policies and legislation in place that followed best practice guidelines. Saskatchewan had a higher rate of injury hospitalisation and death; however, Saskatchewan’s rate decreased over time. Saskatchewan had a number of prevention policies in place but had not enacted bicycle helmet legislation.ConclusionsFuture preventative efforts should focus on harmonising policies across all provinces in Canada that reflect evidence-based best practices.

scholarly journals Integrating complex systems science into road safety research and practice, part 1: review of formative concepts

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-183
Author(s):  
Rebecca B Naumann ◽  
Jill Kuhlberg ◽  
Laura Sandt ◽  
Stephen Heiny ◽  
Yorghos Apostolopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Systems Science ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Safety Research ◽  
Complex Systems Science ◽  
Over Time

Many of our most persistent public health problems are complex problems. They arise from a web of factors that interact and change over time and may exhibit resistance to intervention efforts. The domain of systems science provides several tools to help injury prevention researchers and practitioners examine deep, complex and persistent problems and identify opportunities to intervene. Using the increase in pedestrian death rates as an example, we provide (1) an accessible overview of how complex systems science approaches can augment established injury prevention frameworks and (2) a straightforward example of how specific systems science tools can deepen understanding, with a goal of ultimately informing action.

Sustained Improvements in Dynamic Balance and Landing Mechanics After a 6-Week Neuromuscular Training Program in College Women’s Basketball Players

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate R. Pfile ◽  
Phillip A. Gribble ◽  
Gretchen E. Buskirk ◽  
Sara M. Meserth ◽  
Brian G. Pietrosimone
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Lower Extremity Injury ◽  
Extremity Injury ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Landing Mechanics ◽  
Women's Basketball ◽  
Over Time

Context:Epidemiological data demonstrate the need for lower-extremity injury-prevention training. Neuromuscularcontrol (NMC) programs are immediately effective at minimizing lower-extremity injury risk and improving sport-related performance measures. Research investigating lasting effects after an injury-prevention program is limited.Objective:To determine whether dynamic balance, landing mechanics, and hamstring and quadriceps strength could be improved after a 6-wk NMC intervention and maintained for a season.Design:Prospective case series.Setting:Controlled laboratory.Participants:11 Division I women’s basketball players (age 19.40 ± 1.35 y, height 178.05 ± 7.52 cm, mass 72.86 ± 10.70 kg).Interventions:Subjects underwent testing 3 times, completing the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), Landing Error Scoring System (LESS), and isometric strength testing for the hamstrings and quadriceps muscles. Pretest and posttest 1 occurred immediately before and after the intervention, respectively, and posttest 2 at the end of the competitive season, 9 mo after posttest 1. Subjects participated in eighteen 30-min plyometric and NMC-training sessions over a 6-wk period.Main Outcome Measures:The normalized SEBT composite score, normalized peak isometric hamstrings:quadriceps (H:Q) ratio, and the LESS total score.Results:The mean composite reach significantly improved over time (F2,10 = 6.96, P = .005) where both posttest scores were significantly higher than pretest (70.41% ± 4.08%) (posttest 1 73.48% ± 4.19%, t10 = –3.11, P = .011) and posttest 2 (74.2% ± 4.77%, t10 = –3.78, P = .004). LESS scores significantly improved over time (F2,10 = 6.29, P = .009). The pretest LESS score (7.30 ± 3.40) was higher than posttest 1 (4.9 ± 1.20, t10 = 2.71, P = .024) and posttest 2 (5.44 ± 1.83, t10 = 2.58, P = .030). There were no statistically significant differences (P > .05) over time for the H:Q ratio when averaging both legs (F2,10 = 0.83, P = .45).Conclusions:A 6-wk NMC program improved landing mechanics and dynamic balance over a 9-mo period in women’s basketball players. NMC adaptations can be retained without an in-season maintenance program.

scholarly journals Variability and Change Over Time of Weight and BMI Among Adolescents and Adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome: A 6-month text-based observational study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Vrana-Diaz ◽  
Priya Balasubramanian ◽  
Nathalie Kayadjanian ◽  
Jessica Bohonowych ◽  
Theresa V. Strong
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Text Message ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Living Situation ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder in which hyperphagia (excessive appetite) is a hallmark feature. Understanding how weight changes over time in this population is important for capturing the contemporary natural history of the disorder as well as assessing the impact of new treatments for hyperphagia. Therefore, we aimed to determine the feasibility of a remote assessment of weight change over time in PWS. Methods: We developed a text message-based, prospective cohort study of adolescents and adults with PWS to assess changes in weight and body mass index (BMI) over a six-month period. Weight was collected weekly, while changes in height, living situation, access to food, activity level, and medication were collected at three-month intervals. Results: One hundred and sixty-five participants enrolled in the study, with a mean age of 19.7 years (range 12 - 48). There was considerable variability in weight across participants (range: 76.8 – 207.7 kg). Thirty-three percent of the participants were normal weight, while 15% were overweight and 52% were obese. Overall, the weight of the study participants increased over the study period (mean weight change +2.35%), while BMI was relatively stable, albeit high (mean BMI of 31.4 at baseline, mean BMI percent change + 1.42%). Changes in living situation, activity, food access, and medication had limited impact on weight and BMI changes. Multivariable analysis found that time, sex, age, and percentage of life on growth hormone (GH) therapy were statistically significant fixed effects. Participants submitted more than 95% of possible weight data points across the 26 weeks of the study. Conclusions: This remote, observational study of weight change in PWS showed small increases in weight and BMI over a six-month period. Participants were highly compliant with this text message-based study, suggesting that mobile technology-based data collection was manageable for the participants. We anticipate that the results of this study will inform clinical trials for hyperphagia/obesity related therapies in PWS and provide a basis for understanding the efficacy of new therapies for hyperphagia in the real-world setting.

scholarly journals Aerobic exercise capacity is maintained over a 5-year period in mild-to-moderate chronic kidney disease: A longitudinal study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Wallin ◽  
Eva Jansson ◽  
Carin Wallquist ◽  
Britta Hylander Rössner ◽  
Stefan H Jacobson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Peak Heart Rate ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Capacity ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background: Aerobic exercise capacity is reduced in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD), but little is known about the magnitude of changes in exercise capacity over time. Our main hypothesis was that aerobic ExCap would decline over 5 years in individuals with mild-to-moderate CKD along with a decline in renal function. A secondary hypothesis was that such a decline in ExCap would be associated with a decline in muscle strength, cardiovascular function and physical activity. Methods: We performed a 5-year-prospective study on individuals with mild-to-moderate CKD, who were closely monitored at a nephrology clinic. Fiftytwo individuals with CKD stage 2–3 and 54 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included. Peak workload was assessed through a maximal cycle exercise test. Muscle strength and lean body mass, cardiac function, vascular stiffness, self-reported physical activity level, renal function and haemoglobin level were evaluated. Tests were repeated after 5 years. Statistical analysis of longitudinal data was performed using linear mixed models.Results: Exercise capacity did not change significantly over time in either the CKD group or controls, although the absolute workloads were significantly lower in the CKD group. Only in a CKD subgroup reporting low physical activity at baseline, exercise capacity declined. Renal function decreased in both groups, with a faster decline in CKD (p = 0.05 between groups). Peak heart rate, haemoglobin level, handgrip strength, lean body mass and cardiovascular function did not decrease significantly over time in CKD individuals. Conclusions: On a group level, aerobic exercise capacity and peak heart rate were maintained over 5 years in patients with well-controlled mild-to-moderate CKD, despite a slight reduction in glomerular filtration rate, mirroring the lack of progression of cardiovascular and muscular dysfunction in this group. In patients with mild-to-moderate CKD, physical activity level at baseline seems to have a predictive value for exercise capacity at follow-up.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document