scholarly journals Influence of different playing surfaces on bone mass accretion in male adolescent football players: A one-season study

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-547
Author(s):  
Gabriel Lozano-Berges ◽  
Ángel Matute-Llorente ◽  
Alejandro Gómez-Bruton ◽  
Alex González-Agüero ◽  
Germán Vicente-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Elastic Layer ◽  
Areal Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Artificial Turf ◽  
Mineral Density

There are different surfaces on which football is played, but their influence on bone mass accretion still remains unknown. The aims of this study were to compare bone mass accretion between football players and controls, and evaluate the influence of two different playing surfaces on bone accretion. A total of 27 male football players (13.2 ± 0.5 years) and 15 controls (12.6 ± 1.1 years) participated in this study. Football players were classified into two groups according to the surface they trained on: 14 on third-generation artificial turf with elastic layer and 13 on third-generation artificial turf without elastic layer. Bone mineral content and areal bone mineral density were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Bone mineral apparent density variables were calculated. Bone geometry and strength of the non-dominant tibia were assessed with peripheral quantitative computed tomography. For both football players and controls, bone variables measured at subtotal body, lumbar spine, legs and tibia ( p < 0.05) significantly increased. Based on the time spent practicing football, the increase in areal bone mineral density for the legs ( p < 0.05) was higher in football players than controls. Moreover, lumbar spine bone mineral apparent density increased more in third-generation artificial turf without elastic layer players in comparison with third-generation artificial turf with elastic layer players ( p < 0.05). Playing football on third-generation artificial turf with elastic layer and third-generation artificial turf without elastic layer seems to positively affect bone mass during growth. After playing for one season on these playing surfaces, football practice on third-generation artificial turf without elastic layer with the lower shock absorption seems to have produced the highest increment in areal bone mineral density at lumbar spine. Thus, football practice on surfaces with lower shock absorption could provide an extra benefit on bone health.

scholarly journals Adiposity, Insulin Resistance, and Bone Mass in Children and Adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 892-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M Kindler ◽  
Andrea J Lobene ◽  
Kara A Vogel ◽  
Berdine R Martin ◽  
Linda D McCabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Areal Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Total Body ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Context Insulin resistance is an adverse health outcome that accompanies obesity. Fat mass is negatively associated with the bone mass after adjustment for confounders. Insulin resistance might be an intermediary in this relationship. Objective To determine whether insulin resistance is an intermediary in the relationship between adiposity and bone mass in adolescents. Design Cross-sectional secondary analysis of baseline data from a previous randomized trial. Setting University research facility. Participants A total of 240 adolescents (68% female), aged 7 to 15 years. Main Outcome Measures Using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, bone mineral content (BMC), areal bone mineral density, lean mass, and fat mass were measured. Skeletal sites of interest included the total body and lumbar spine (LS). Waist circumference was measured using an anthropometric tape measure. Insulin and glucose were measured in fasting sera, and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Path analysis was performed to determine whether the relationship between adiposity and bone was mediated through insulin resistance. Results Fat mass (r = 0.467; P &lt; 0.001) and waist circumference (r = 0.487; P &lt; 0.001) correlated positively with HOMA-IR. Controlling for race, sex, maturation, lean mass, and height, fat mass, waist circumference, and HOMA-IR were negatively associated with LS BMC and total body areal bone mineral density (P &lt; 0.05 for all). Additionally, path models for fat mass (95% CI, −5.893 to −0.956) and waist circumference (95% CI, −15.473 to −2.124) showed a negative relationship with LS BMC via HOMA-IR. Conclusions These results support an intermediary role of insulin resistance in the relationship between adiposity and LS bone mass.

Effect of diet-induced weight loss on total body bone mass

1992 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Compston ◽  
M. A. Laskey ◽  
P. I. Croucher ◽  
A. Coxon ◽  
S. Kreitzman
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Areal Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Total Body Bone Mineral ◽  
Body Bone

1. Total body areal bone mineral density was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in eight women before and 10 weeks after a very-low-calorie diet [405 kcal (1701 kJ)/day]. 2. The mean weight loss of 15.6 kg was accompanied by a statistically significant reduction in total body bone mineral density from 1.205 ± 0.056 to 1.175 ± 0.058 g/cm2 (mean ± sd, P < 0.005). 3. After cessation of the diet, weight gradually increased and by 10 months was similar to baseline values. Total body bone mineral density also increased after stopping the diet and mean values obtained 10 months after the diet did not differ significantly from initial values. Throughout the study total body bone mineral density values in all subjects were well within the range reported for normal subjects. 4. These data indicate that diet-induced weight loss is associated with rapid bone loss, subsequent weight gain being accompanied by increases in bone mass. Further studies are required to establish the clinical significance of these findings and, in particular, the skeletal distribution of bone loss.

scholarly journals Impact of Futsal and Swimming Participation on Bone Health in Young Athletes

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
André Seabra ◽  
Ricardo J. Fernandes ◽  
Elisa Marques ◽  
Miguel Moura ◽  
Esther Ubago-Guisado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Impact Sport ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Physical activity plays a crucial role in bone mass acquisition during childhood and adolescence, with weightbearing and high-impact sport activities being more beneficial. This study sought to evaluate the impact of different sports activities on bone mineral density and content in male Portuguese athletes. Seventy adolescent boys (aged 12-15 years) including 28 futsal players (FG), 20 swimmers (SG) and 22 non-athletic adolescents used as control subjects (CG), participated in the current study. Areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and areal bone mineral content (aBMC) were measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Futsal players had significantly higher aBMD (lumbar spine - FG: 0.95 ± 0.18, SG: 0.80 ± 0.13, CG: 0.79 ± 0.13 g/cm2, p = 0.001; pelvis - FG: 1.17 ± 0.21, SG: 0.91 ± 0.12, CG: 0.98 ± 0.10 g/cm2, p < 0.001; lower limbs - FG: 1.21 ± 0.19, SG: 0.97 ± 0.10, CG: 0.99 ± 0.09 g/cm2, p < 0.001) and aBMC (lumbar spine - FG: 51.07 ± 16.53, SG: 40.19 ± 12.47, CG: 40.50 ± 10.53 g, p = 0.013; pelvis - FG: 299.5 ± 110.61, SG: 170.02 ± 55.82, CG: 183.11 ± 46.78 g, p < 0.001; lower limbs - FG: 427.21 ± 117.11, SG: 300.13 ± 76.42, CG: 312.26 ± 61.86 g/cm2, p < 0.001) than swimmers and control subjects. Data suggest that futsal, as a weightbearing and high or odd-impact sport, may improve bone mass during childhood and adolescence.

scholarly journals Hubungan fraksi area trabekula anterior mandibula dengan kepadatan tulang lumbar spine untuk deteksi dini osteoporosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Sri Lestari ◽  
Rini Widyaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Area Fraction ◽  
Bone Mass Density ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Anterior Mandible

The relationship of anterior mandible trabecular area with bone mass density of lumbar spine for early detection of osteoporosis. Bone mineral density is an indicator of osteoporosis, including the bone mineral density of lumbar spine. The decrease of lumbar spine bone mass density will cause an alteration in another site, including the mandibular. The aim of this research is to determine the predictor of lumbar spine bone mineral density using trabecular bone image of anterior mandible on periapical radiographs. The research was conducted by extracting the area fraction at mandible trabecular bone using digital periapical radiograph from 25 subjects. Canny edge detection was used in digital image processing for each radiograph. The regions of interest were selected from the image obtained by canny edge detection, so that the area fraction could be measured. A linier regression test was applied to determine a relationship between the area fractions of mandible trabecular bone with the bone mineral density of lumbar spine. The result of linear regression test showed that the area fraction of mandible trabecular bone had a moderate negative correlation with bone mass density of lumbar spine (α = 0.046; R = -0.403). The direction of the correlation was negative (b = -0.145). The area fraction of mandible trabecular bone on periapical radiographs could be used as the predictor for bone mass density of lumbar spine.ABSTRAKKepadatan tulang merupakan indikator osteoporosis, salah satu diantaranya adalah kepadatan tulang pada lumbar spine. Penurunan kepadatan tulang pada lumbar spine mempengaruhi kondisi tulang lain, termasuk tulang rahang bawah (mandibula). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan prediktor densitas mineral tulang menggunakan citra radiograf periapikal tulang trabekula pada regio anterior rahang bawah. Penelitian dilakukan dengan ekstraksi fraksi area tulang trabekula mandibula yang tercitrakan pada radiograf periapikal digital dari 25 subjek. Pengolahan citra digital pada radiograf periapikal dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deteksi tepi canny terhadap masing-masing citra radiograf. Region of Interest diseleksi dari citra hasil deteksi canny, sehingga dapat dilakukan pengukuran fraksi area. Uji regresi linier dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara nilai fraksi area trabekula mandibula dengan tingkat kepadatan tulang pada lumbar spine. Hasil uji regresi linier menunjukkan bahwa nilai fraksi area trabekula mandibula berkorelasi negatif dengan kepadatan tulang dengan kekuatan sedang (α = 0,046; R = -0,403). Adapun arah korelasi antara nilai fraksi area trabekula mandibula dengan kepadatan tulang adalah negatif (b = -0,145). Fraksi area tulang trabekula pada citra radiograf periapikal dapat digunakan sebagai prediktor kepadatan tulang pada lumbar spine.

Disordered Eating, Development of Menstrual Irregularity, and Reduced Bone Mass Change After a 3-Year Follow-Up In Female Adolescent Endurance Runners

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Michelle T. Barrack ◽  
Marta D. Van Loan ◽  
Mitchell Rauh ◽  
Jeanne F. Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Endurance Runners

This prospective study evaluated the 3-year change in menstrual function and bone mass among 40 female adolescent endurance runners (age 15.9 ± 1.0 years) according to baseline disordered eating status. Three years after initial data collection, runners underwent follow-up measures including the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire and a survey evaluating menstrual function, running training, injury history, and prior sports participation. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure bone mineral density and body composition. Runners with a weight concern, shape concern, or global score ≥4.0 or reporting >1 pathologic behavior in the past 28 days were classified with disordered eating. Compared with runners with normal Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire scores at baseline, runners with disordered eating at baseline reported fewer menstrual cycles/year (6.4 ± 4.5 vs. 10.5 ± 2.8, p = .005), more years of amenorrhea (1.6 ± 1.4 vs. 0.3 ± 0.5, p = .03), and a higher proportion of menstrual irregularity (75.0% vs. 31.3%, p = .02) and failed to increase lumbar spine or total hip bone mineral density at the 3-year follow-up. In a multivariate model including body mass index and menstrual cycles in the past year at baseline, baseline shape concern score (B = −0.57, p value = .001) was inversely related to the annual number of menstrual cycles between assessments. Weight concern score (B = −0.40, p value = .005) was inversely associated with lumbar spine bone mineral density Z-score change between assessments according to a multivariate model adjusting for age and body mass index. These finding support associations between disordered eating at baseline and future menstrual irregularities or reduced accrual of lumbar spine bone mass in female adolescent endurance runners.

An Updated Reference for Calculating Bone Mineral Density T-Scores

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Xue ◽  
Yuzheng Zhang ◽  
Wenjing Qiao ◽  
Qianqian Zhao ◽  
Dingjie Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Low Bone Mass ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
T Score ◽  
Peak Bmd

Abstract Context Bone mineral density (BMD) T-score reference may be updated when the peak BMD of the population is unclear and may need to be updated. Objective To update BMD T-score references using the peak BMD from the most recent National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting The NHANES 2005-2014. Participants Non-Hispanic white females between the ages 10-40 years (N=1549) were our target population to estimate peak BMD (SD). Individuals aged≥50 years (N=5523) were used to compare the percentages of osteoporosis and low bone mass based on existing and updated BMD T-score references. Main Outcome Measurements: BMD data within the age at attainment of peak BMD±5 years were used to calculate updated BMD T-score references. Results The updated average of BMD (SD) for diagnosing osteoporosis at the femoral neck and lumbar spine were 0.888 g/cm 2 (0.121 g/cm 2) and 1.065 g/cm 2 (0.122 g/cm 2), respectively. The percentages of individuals with osteoporosis at the femoral neck and low bone mass at the femoral neck and lumbar spine based on the updated BMD T-score references were higher than the percentages of people designated with these outcomes under the existing guidelines (P&lt;0.001). However, we observed the opposite pattern for lumbar spine osteoporosis (P&lt;0.001). Conclusions We calculated new BMD T-score references at the femoral neck and lumbar spine. We found significant differences in the percentages of individuals classified as having osteoporosis and low bone mass between the updated and existing BMD T-score references.

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