scholarly journals STUDIES OF ACID PHOSPHATASE AND NONSPECIFIC ESTERASE ACTIVITIES IN RAT ADRENAL GLANDS FOLLOWING OPERATIVE STRESS

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 650-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. CHOUDHURY ◽  
A. M. LUNDY
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Esterase Activity ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Surgical Stress ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Nonspecific Esterase ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Operative Stress ◽  
Esterase Activities

Acid phosphatase and esterase activities were studied in adrenal glands obtained from rats killed at regular intervals following surgical stress (cauda equina transection). Zymograms of acid phosphatase produced by starch gel electrophoresis revealed increased reactivity in the operated samples. With esterases, a slightly different pattern was observed in the operated group, which exhibited a few additional bands particularly in the cathode region. This was confirmed by densitometric analysis of the gel strips. Two of these additional bands were organophosphate-sensitive and the remaining few were activated by p-chloromercuribenzoate. These latter bands appeared to arise from splitting of the preexisting organophosphate-resistant bands present in control zymograms. Biochemical assay of the two hydrolytic enzymes demonstrated a remarkable similarity in their responses to operative stress—probably implying a general lysosomal activation. Both enzymes exhibited a peak activity 8 hr after operation, followed by a gradual decline. Both organophosphate-sensitive and organophosphate-resistant esterases contributed toward the rise in total esterase activity. Histochemical studies on tissue sections revealed a more reactive adrenal cortex in the operated group, but were of little help in localizing the additional esterase activity observed in gel strips.

scholarly journals HYDROLYTIC ENZYMES DURING SPERMATOGENESIS IN RAT AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC AND HISTOCHEMICAL STUDY

1968 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZOLTAN POSALAKI ◽  
DEZSÖ SZABÓ ◽  
ERNÖ BÁCSI ◽  
ISTVÁN ÖKRÖS
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Appreciable Amount ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Nonspecific Esterase ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Two Phases

The localization of lipids and the activities of nonspecific esterase, aryl sulfatase and acid phosphatase were studied in different stages of spermatogenesis in rats. In addition, the distribution of acid phosphatase activity was demonstrated electron histochemically. The spermatogenetic cycle was divided into two phases—corresponding to the first and the last four stages of Roosen-Runge-Giesel (RG) classification. Spermatids in the first phase contained abundant endoplasmic reticulum with rosette formation and well developed Golgi apparatus with numerous vesicles. They displayed high activity of hydrolytic enzymes but contained no appreciable amount of lipids. The Sertoli cells contained large lipid granules but showed minimal enzyme activity. During the second phase reduction of the cytoplasm of spermatids with fragmentation of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi lamellae, accumulation of lipids, aggregation of ribonucleo-protein particles, formation of residual bodies and marked decrease of enzyme activity were seen. The Sertoli cells contained large mitochondria, well developed endoplasmic reticulum and numerous dense bodies and revealed high activities of hydrolytic enzymes and rapid depletion of lipids. These ultrastructural and histochemical findings suggested an interaction between the Sertoli cells and the developing spermatids which probably contributed to the regulation of spermatogenesis.

scholarly journals Fish Oil-induced Yellow Fat Disease in Rats; II. Enzyme Histochemistry of Adipose Tissue

1978 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. H. J. C. Danse ◽  
W. A. Steenbergen-Botterweg
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Esterase Activity ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Nonspecific Esterase ◽  
Fat Cells ◽  
Nucleotidase Activity ◽  
Fat Cell ◽  
Cell Degeneration

Adipose tissue in various stages of fish oil-induced yellow fat disease in the rat had the same acid phosphatase and 5-nucleotidase activity pattern as similar stages of the disorder in mink and pig. A weak acid phosphatase and 5-nucleotidase activity was seen in interstitial lipofuscin-laden macrophages in “stage M” yellow fat disease without fat cell degeneration. Activity of these macrophagic enzymes increased when there was fat cell degeneration (“stage S” and “stage E” yellow fat disease). This different phosphatase activity in the same cell type may result from phagocytosis of substrates with variable digestibility. Macrophages directly surrounding affected fat cells in steatitis areas (“stage S” and “stage E”) had strong acid phosphatase and 5-nucleotidase activity. As in the pig, increased 5-nucleotidase activity was found in affected fat cells, which probably indicates plasma membrane damage. Increased nonspecific esterase activity occurred around affected fat cells. Only a small part of this esterase activity originated from inflammatory cells. This indicates that an increase of esterase activity in degenerating adipose tissue may be an endogeneous process in this tissue.

The blood leukocytes of Bufo alvarius: a light, phase-contrast, and histochemical study

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Samuel Cannon ◽  
A. M. Cannon
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
Nonspecific Esterase ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatases ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Aryl Sulfatase

Blood leukocytes of Bufo alvarius were studied by light and phase-contrast microscopy and histochemical techniques for the localization of glycogen and several hydrolytic enzymes, i.e., acid and alkaline phosphatases, nonspecific esterase, beta-glucuronidase, aryl-sulfatase, and myeloperoxidase (peroxidase). Neutrophils were the only leukocytes to demonstrate alkaline phosphatase activity, while beta-glucuronidase and aryl-sulfatase were not observed in any leukocytes. Periodic acid – Schiff (PAS) positive granules and granules containing hydrolytic enzymes occurred in varying amounts in leukocytes. In eosinophils, most glycogen was associated with smaller granules, while the larger refractile granules were PAS negative. Small lymphocytes were myeloperoxidase (peroxidase) negative. The present study agrees with previous investigations in mammals which indicate that specific granules in granulocytes may be PAS positive as well as contain one or more hydrolytic enzymes. In small lymphocytes of B. alvarius, PAS positive and acid phosphatase positive granules correspond to neutral red granules seen in supravital films. Furthermore, the appearance and histochemical reactivity of acid phosphatase granules in mature neutrophils, metamyelocytes, and late myelocytes correspond closely with the appearance and number of specific neutrophilic granules seen in Wright–Giemsa preparations and with PAS positive granules.

scholarly journals HISTOCHEMICAL COMPARISON OF FROG AND RAT MAST CELLS

1971 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 369-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
HERBERT CHIU ◽  
DAVID LAGUNOFF
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alcian Blue ◽  
Toluidine Blue ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Nonspecific Esterase ◽  
Esterase Activities ◽  
Rat Mast Cells

Histochemical procedures were used to compare the constituents of frog and rat mast cells. On the basis of staining with acidified toluidine blue and the Alcian Blue-safranin combination, a substance characterized as heparin in rat cells was identified in frog mast cells. In contrast to their presence in rat cells, no histamine, serotonin or catecholamines could be observed in frog mast cells with the o-phthalaldehyde and paraformaldehyde reactions. A search for activities of two proteolytic enzymes, chymotrypsin-like and trypsin-like esterases, in frog mast cells was unsuccessful. β-Glucuronidase, N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase and nonspecific esterase activities were demonstrated in both frog and rat mast cells; acid phosphatase activity was detected in frog but not rat mast cells.

scholarly journals Enzyme Histochemical Studies of Adipose Tissue in Porcine Yellow Fat Disease

1974 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 465-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. H. J. C. Danse ◽  
W. A. Steenbergen-Botterweg
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Nonspecific Esterase ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Increased Activity

Adipose tissue of piglets with yellow fat disease had increased activity of nonspecific esterase, 5-nucleotidase, and acid phosphatase. Since these enzymes are associated with different cell structures and damage to these structures can result in increased enzyme activity, they are criteria for pathogenetic study of yellow fat disease.

scholarly journals Expression of multiple isozymes of granulocyte, monocyte, and macrophage esterases in polycythemic Friend erythroleukemia cells

Blood ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Woytowicz ◽  
PR Daoust ◽  
J Andre-Schwartz ◽  
SB Levy
Keyword(s):  
Esterase Activity ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Adherent Cell ◽  
Nonspecific Esterase ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Virus Complex ◽  
Erythroleukemic Cell ◽  
Erythroleukemic Cells

Abstract We examined the expression of cytochemical markers of myeloid and monocyte-macrophage differentiation in conjunction with ultrastructural studies of different malignant erythroleukemic cells isolated from mice infected with the Friend polycythemic virus complex (FLV-P). The amounts of fluoride-sensitive and resistant nonspecific esterase activity increased with the progression of malignancy. Isoelectric focusing resolved this enzyme activity into 13 isozymes in the most malignant Friend cell type tested. These same isozymes were found in the adherent cell population of normal spleens. Two of these isozymes were shown to have chloroacetate esterase activity characteristic of granulocytes. Despite these myeloid and monocyte characteristics, light and electron microscopy showed no morphological evidence of differentiation in either of these lineages. This study demonstrates that the Friend erythroleukemic cell contains markers of three different hemopoietic cell types. The expression of myeloid, monocytic, and erythroid traits in these erythroleukemic cells can be used to monitor their malignant progression.

scholarly journals Primary lumbar paraganglioma: A single-centre UK experience over 21 years

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. iv15-iv15
Author(s):  
Francesco Fiorini ◽  
José Pedro Lavrador ◽  
Francesco Vergani ◽  
Ranjeev Bhangoo ◽  
Richard Gullan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Lumbar Region ◽  
Single Centre ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Surgical Disease ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Histological Data

Abstract Objectives Paragangliomas are rare neuro-endocrine neoplasms which may occur at multiple anatomical sites, typically the adrenal glands. In the CNS, they can affect the head and neck, and more rarely the lumbar region. Primary lumbar paragangliomas are prominently vascularised lesions which can present variably and pose both diagnostic and surgical challenges. Methods We identified and analysed all cases of lumbar paraganglioma confirmed both surgically and histologically, treated at our regional neurosurgical centre. We collected retrospective clinical, radiological, surgical and histological data. Results We treated 25 patients with confirmed paraganglioma between 1997–2018. This included 19 primary tumours, of which 13 cases of primary lumbar paraganglioma (8 males (61.5%); mean age 51.3 years, range 33.2 – 68.9). Patients presented most frequently with a recent worsening of long-standing lower back pain and sciatica. 7 patients were admitted as emergency cases, including 3 with cauda equina syndrome. The average Ki67 mitotic index was 5.7% (range 1 – 10%). Conclusion We present one of the largest case series of primary lumbar paragangliomas to date to the best of our knowledge. Defining these clinical, radiological, surgical and histological features may be of assistance in recognising and managing this surgical disease.

The blood leukocytes of Bufo marinus: a light, phase-contrast, and histochemical study

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1445-1453 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Samuel Cannon ◽  
H. W. Sampson ◽  
E. D. Kapes
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
Bufo Marinus ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

Blood leukocytes of Bufo marinus were studied by light and phase-contrast microscopy and histochemical techniques for the localization of glycogen, lipids, several basic proteins, and a number of hydrolytic and oxidative enzymes. The hydrolytic enzymes occurred in varying amounts in neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes; neutrophils were the only leukocytes to demonstrate alkaline phosphatase activity, while β-glucuronidase was only seen in lymphocytes, and aryl-sulfatase was not observed in any leukocytes. Periodic acid – Schiff (PAS) positive granules also occurred in varying amounts in leukocytes. Slight lipid activity was only seen in neutrophils, while arginine, and (or) lysine, and tyrosine reactivity was only observed in eosinophils. The appearance and histochemical reactivity of acid phosphatase granules in neutrophils corresponded closely with the appearance and number of specific neutrophilic granules seen in Wright–Giemsa preparations and with the PAS-positive granules. Small lymphocytes were myeloperoxidase (peroxidase) negative; β-glucuronidase, acid phosphatase, and PAS-positive granules corresponded to neutral red granules seen in supravital films. The oxidative enzymes also occurred in differing amounts in leukocytes, but strongly suggested that the leukocytes of Bufo marinus are capable of some degree of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism.

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