scholarly journals Synergistic Antifungal Activities of Thymol Analogues with Propolis

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0800300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Pien Chen ◽  
Ai-Yu Shen
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Antifungal Activities ◽  
Agar Dilution

In this study, an attempt was made to elucidate the combined effect of thymol analogues with propolis on fungi that are involved in human diseases. Antifungal activity of thymol analogues was examined by the agar dilution method, using antibiotic medium-3-enriched with 0.2% dextrose. The activity of thymol analogues against Penicillium rastrickii appeared to be more marked than against Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Various thymol analogues and propolis, when tested alone, did not exhibit significant inhibitory activity. However, in the presence of sub-inhibitory concentrations of propolis, the relative antifungal potency of the thymol analogues was greatly enhanced. Natural thymol was found to be superior to the synthetic thymol analogues. In particular, the MIC of thymol was considerably reduced (191-fold) against Candida albicans by combination with propolis. This study highlights the potential of the combination of either thymol or synthetic thymol analogues with propolis to inhibit fungi.

scholarly journals Antifungal and Antibacterial Metabolites from a French Poplar Type Propolis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Séverine Boisard ◽  
Anne-Marie Le Ray ◽  
Anne Landreau ◽  
Marie Kempf ◽  
Viviane Cassisa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Weak Activity ◽  
Agar Dilution

During this study, thein vitroantifungal and antibacterial activities of different extracts (aqueous and organic) obtained from a French propolis batch were evaluated. Antifungal activity was evaluated by broth microdilution on three pathogenic strains:Candida albicans, C. glabrata, andAspergillus fumigatus. Antibacterial activity was assayed using agar dilution method on 36 Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains includingStaphylococcus aureus. Organic extracts showed a significant antifungal activity againstC. albicansandC. glabrata(MIC80between 16 and 31 µg/mL) but only a weak activity towardsA. fumigatus(MIC80= 250 µg/mL). DCM based extracts exhibited a selective Gram-positive antibacterial activity, especially againstS. aureus(SA) and several of its methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) strains (MIC10030–97 µg/mL). A new and active derivative of catechin was also identified whereas a synergistic antimicrobial effect was noticed during this study.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Polysulfides-Rich Essential Oil of Ferula Latisecta Fruits against Human Pathogenic Dermatophytes

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0800300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Iranshahi ◽  
Abdolmajid Fata ◽  
Bahareh Emami ◽  
Bibi Mohadeseh Jalalzadeh Shahri ◽  
Bibi Sedigheh Fazly Bazzaz
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Sulfur Containing ◽  
Type Strains ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

The increase in dermatophytoses and the fact that some patients do not respond well to therapy make it necessary to find new antifungal agents. As part of our ongoing studies on medicinal plants from Iran, we studied antidermatophytic activities of Ferula latisecta essential oil, which had shown considerable antifungal activity in preliminary antimicrobial screening. Antifungal activity was evaluated by determination of MIC values using the agar dilution method on type strains of Candida albicans and dermatophytes. The composition of the oil was characterized by GC and GC/MS analyses. The essential oil was rich in polysulfides (75.2%) and exhibited good activity against Trichophyton rubrum and T. verrucosom for about three weeks, with a MIC value 96 μg/mL. The oil showed antifungal activity, especially against dermatophytes, and the activity is probably related to the sulfur-containing components of the oil. This study has identified that the polysulfides-rich essential oil of Ferula latisecta fruits has activity against a range of human pathogenic dermatophytes, justifying future clinical trials to validate its use as a therapeutic alternative for dermatophytosis.

scholarly journals Antifungal activity of essential oils on Aspergillus parasiticus isolated from peanuts

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina M. Yooussef ◽  
Quyen Pham ◽  
Premila N. Achar ◽  
Marikunte Yanjarappa Sreenivasa
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Aspergillus Parasiticus ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Cinnamon Oil ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Agar Dilution

AbstractAspergillus parasiticus is one of the most common fungi which contaminates peanuts by destroying peanut shells before they are harvested and the fungus produces aflatoxins. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activities of seventeen essential oils on the growth of the aflatoxigenic form of A. parasiticus in contaminated peanuts from commercial outlets in Georgia. The agar dilution method was used to test the antifungal activity of essential oils against this form of A. parasiticus at various concentrations: 500; 1,000; 1,500; 2,000; 2,500 ppm. Among the seventeen essential oils tested, the antifungal effect of cinnamon, lemongrass, clove and thyme resulted in complete inhibition of mycelial growth. Cinnamon oil inhibited mycelial growth at ≥ 1,000 ppm, lemongrass and clove oils at ≥ 1,500 ppm and thyme at 2,500 ppm. However, cedar wood, citronella, cumin and peppermint oils showed partial inhibition of mycelial growth. Eucalyptus oil, on the other hand, had less antifungal properties against growth of A. parasiticus, irrespective of its concentration. Our results indicate that the aflatoxigenic form of A. parasiticus is sensitive to selected essential oils, especially cinnamon. These findings clearly indicate that essential oils may find a practical application in controlling the growth of A. parasiticus in stored peanuts.

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of Pyranonaphthoquinones Obtained from Cipura paludosa Bulbs

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000
Author(s):  
Adriana Campos ◽  
Greice Maria Rodrigues Souza ◽  
Franco Delle Monache ◽  
Estefanía Butassi ◽  
Susana Zacchino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Antifungal Properties ◽  
Antifungal Potential ◽  
Microbroth Dilution

Previous studies with the bulbs of Cipura paludosa (Iridaceae) showed the presence of pyranonaphthoquinones, including eleutherine, isoeleutherine and eleutherol. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal properties of these compounds. The activity was tested against the clinically relevant yeasts Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Cryptococcus neoformans with the microbroth dilution method, following the guidelines of CLSI. Eleutherine, isoeleutherine and eleutherol all presented significant antifungal activity, especially the first two, the major components, with MIC values between 7.8 and 250 μg/mL. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that C. paludosa bulbs produce active principles with relevant antifungal potential, contributing, at least in part, to the antimicrobial effect evidenced for this plant and justifying its popular use against infections.

scholarly journals Antifungal activity of Nepeta rtanjensis essential oil

2008 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 961-965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Grbic-Ljaljevic ◽  
Milos Stupar ◽  
Jelena Vukojevic ◽  
Marina Sokovic ◽  
Danijela Misic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Alternaria Species ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Bipolaris Spicifera ◽  
Main Component

The chemical composition and antifungal activity of the essential oil of an endemic Serbian plant Nepeta rtanjensis Diklic & Milojevic was studied. The essential oil was isolated from cultivated plants. Inhibition of mycelia growth of five micromycetes, two Alternaria species originally isolated from N. rtanjensis, Cladosporium cladosporoides, Trichoderma viride and Bipolaris spicifera, were tested using the agar dilution method. The essential oil of N. rtanjensis, the main component of which was 4aa,7a,7ab-nepetalactone, showed strong antifungal activity against all the tested micromycetes. The minimum inhibitory concentration of N. rtanjensis essential oil ranged from 0.6 to 1.4 ?g mL-1. The fungi most sensitive to the tested oil were Alternaria species, while Trichoderma viride was the most resistant.

Synthesis and Evaluation of Demethoxyviridin Derivatives as Potential Antimicrobials

2005 ◽  
Vol 60 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 686-692
Author(s):  
Ismail Kiran ◽  
Semra Ilhan ◽  
Tamer Akar ◽  
Lacine Tur ◽  
Erdinc Erol
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Geotrichum Candidum ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

Abstract The in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of demethoxyviridin and some synthetic analogues were evaluated by the agar diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the active compounds were also determined by the agar dilution method. Demethoxyviridin (1) showed moderate antibacterial activity against most of the strains tested. 1α-Hydroxydemethoxyviridin (3) showed antibacterial activity and the most potent in vitro antifungal activity with MIC of 20 μg/ml (0.062 mm) against Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus, A. flavus, A. parasiticus, Fusarium solani, F. graminarum, Geotrichum candidum whereas 5′-methylfuro-(4′,3′,2′-4,5,6)androst-5-ene-3,17-dione (7) exhibited very weak antifungal activity against Candida albicans only.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Some Components of the Essential Oils of Plants Used in the Traditional Medicine of the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Puebla, México

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Sebastián Candelaria-Dueñas ◽  
Rocío Serrano-Parrales ◽  
Marisol Ávila-Romero ◽  
Samuel Meraz-Martínez ◽  
Julieta Orozco-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Agar Dilution

In Tehuacán-Cuicatlán valley (Mexico), studies have been carried out on the essential oils of medicinal plants with antimicrobial activity and it was found that they present compounds in common such as: α-pinene, β-pinene, carvacrol, eugenol, limonene, myrcene, ocimene, cineole, methyl salicylate, farnesene, and thymol. The goal of this study was to assess the antimicrobial activity of essential oils’ compounds. The qualitative evaluation was carried out by the Kirby Baüer agar diffusion technique in Gram-positive bacteria (11 strains), Gram-negative bacteria (18 strains), and yeasts (8 strains). For the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), the agar dilution method was used. All the evaluated compounds presented antimicrobial activity. The compounds eugenol and carvacrol showed the largest inhibition zones. Regarding yeasts, the compounds ocimene, cineole, and farnesene did not show any activity. The compounds eugenol, carvacrol, and thymol presented the lowest MIC; bactericidal effect was observed at MIC level for S. aureus 75MR, E. coli 128 MR, and C albicans CUSI, for different compounds, eugenol, carvacrol, and thymol. Finally, this study shows that the essential oils of plants used by the population of Tehuacán-Cuicatlán valley share compounds and some of them have antibacterial and fungicidal activity.

scholarly journals Antibiotic sensitivities of Neisseria meningitidis isolates from patients and carriers in Greece

1992 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Tzanakaki ◽  
C. C. Blackwell ◽  
J. Kremastinou ◽  
C. Kallergi ◽  
G. Kouppari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Meningitidis ◽  
School Children ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Of Greece

SUMMARYUsage of antibiotics in southern Europe is less well regulated than in northern countries. The proportion (48%) of meningococci in Spain insensitive to penicillin (MIC ≥ 0·1 mg/l) prompted this investigation of antibiotic sensitivities of isolates from Greek patients with meningitis (31) and carriers (47 school-children and 472 recruits). The agar dilution method was used to determine MIC to penicillin G (PN), sulphamethoxazole (SU), rifampicin (RF), cefaclor (CF) and ciprofloxacin (CP).The proportion of isolates insensitive to PN was 48% for isolates from patients, 19% from school-children and 36·6% from recruits. Resistance to SU (MIC ≥ 16 mg/l) was found in 16% of those from patients, 10·6% from children and 40% from recruits. None of the isolates from patients was resistant to RF (≥ 1 mg/l) but 6% of those from carriers were. Resistance to CF (≥ 4 mg/l) was found in 9·2% of patient isolates, 6·4% from children and 23·7% from recruits. All isolates except one were sensitive to CP (MIC range < 0·0015–0·125 mg/l).Resistances to PN, SU and RF were analysed by serogroup, serotype and subtype of the bacteria. The proportion of resistant isolates showed some variation between different areas of Greece, but it was not statistically significant.

scholarly journals Prevalence and characterization of extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacter cloacae strains in Algeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 804-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Nedjai ◽  
Abouddihaj Barguigua ◽  
Nassima Djahmi ◽  
Loubna Jamali ◽  
Khalid Zerouali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Synergy Test ◽  
High Level ◽  
Genomic Typing ◽  
Microbiological Data

Introduction: Expended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacter cloacae is an important nosocomial pathogen. In this study, the prevalence and the molecular epidemiology of ESBL producing E. cloacae strains isolated from various hospitals in Annaba, Algeria were investigated. Methodology: The study involved 63 isolates of E. cloacae obtained during 2009 at the four hospitals in Annaba. The detection of ESBL was performed using the double-disk synergy test and the combined disk test. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using the agar dilution method. The presence of blaCTX-M, blaSHV, blaTEM, and blaDHA β-lactamase genes was evaluated by PCR, and genomic typing was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis. The clinical and microbiological data were entered into the EpiI Info database. Results: Thirty isolates (47.6%) had an ESBL phenotype. BlaCTX-M group1 (76%); blaTEM (70%) were the most prevalent, followed by blaDHA (16.6%) and blaSHV (10%). Eighteen strains expressed at least two bla genes. MICs revealed a high level of resistance to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and cefepime.  PFGE revealed an epidemic clonal dissemination of these isolates. Various risk factors associated with the occurrence of ESBL-producing E. cloacae were detected. Conclusions: A higher frequency of ESBL-producing isolates and a diversity of β-lactamases were detected among ESBL-producing E. cloacae; these resulted from an epidemic clonal dissemination and high transference of ESBL genes between bacteria in hospital settings. Strict measures will be required to control the further spread of these pathogens in hospital settings.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document