TNF-Alpha Inhibitors and Rhinosinusitis—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-442
Author(s):  
Zalan Piski ◽  
Imre Gerlinger ◽  
Nelli Nepp ◽  
Kornelia Farkas ◽  
Rainer Weber
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Maxillary Sinusitis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prescription Medication ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Antagonist Therapy ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
Literature Searches

Background Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) plays key role in immunologic process. Patients receiving anti-TNFα therapy may likely be more predisposed to infections including sinus disorders. Objectives Our aims were to review literature and evaluate data regarding TNFα antagonist therapy and its association with reference to various sinus disorders in the form of a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods Different keyword combinations were used in the screening of the literature including leading scientific databases (PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science). Papers reporting sinus disorders as supposed adverse events of the treatment were included into the meta-analysis. Results A thorough review of literature searches extracted 1154 records and 8 articles were found through other sources. Seventeen papers fulfilled our criteria for inclusion into the meta-analysis. Among 16 174 observed patients, 3018 suffered from a sinus infection. An event rate (ER) of 0.058 was calculated for all the cases. Analysis with regard to the confirmed diseases showed an 0.038 ER. Calculations were performed in accordance to the diagnostic categories used for sinus disorder. Six groups were found including the following: “Bacterial Sinusitis” (ER: 0.046), “Chronic Rhinosinusitis” (ER: 0.027), “Sinusitis Requiring Prescription Medication” (ER: 0.295), “Recurrent Sinusitis” (ER: 0.070), “Sinusitis” (ER: 0.076), “Acute Rhinosinusitis” (ER: 0.002) and, lastly, “Maxillary Sinusitis” (ER: 0.028). Conclusions Our results exhibited a similar prevalence to the healthy population; therefore, infective sinus disorders cannot directly be considered as complications of TNFα antagonist therapy.

scholarly journals Individual Resilience Interventions: A Systematic Review in Adult Population Samples over the Last Decade

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7564
Author(s):  
Mafalda Ferreira ◽  
António Marques ◽  
Paulo Veloso Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Individual Resilience ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Great Heterogeneity

Resilience interventions have been gaining importance among researchers due to their potential to provide well-being and reduce the prevalence of mental disorders that are becoming an increasing concern, especially in Western countries, because of the costs associated. The purpose of this systematic review is to identify the intervention studies carried out in the last decade in adult population samples, evaluate their methodological quality and highlight the trends of these types of interventions. This review was performed using systematic literature searches in the following electronic databases: B-on, PubMed, PsycNet and Science Direct. The application of eligibility criteria resulted in the inclusion of 38 articles, of which 33 were randomized controlled trials and the other five were nonrandomized controlled studies. Although most studies showed statistical significance for their results, these were constrained by the great heterogeneity of the studies, the lack of power of the samples and their fair methodological quality. Therefore, it is important to consolidate the theoretical basis and standardize certain methodologies so that the effects of the interventions can be compared through a meta-analysis.

scholarly journals Smartphone Applications for Encouraging Asthma Self-Management in Adolescents: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Alquran ◽  
Katrina Lambert ◽  
Ambereen Farouque ◽  
Anne Holland ◽  
Janet Davies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Asthma Control ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Smartphone Apps ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Control Medication

Adolescent asthma is still a major problem with poor adherence to treatment. Globally, adolescents are devoted users of smartphone technologies and app use in asthma self-management may improve adherence. The objective of this systematic review is to assess the feasibility and efficacy of mobile technology in improving asthma outcomes in adolescents. We conducted an extensive review of the peer-review literature of studies with populations consisting of children and adolescents under 18 years in seven bibliographic databases and Google Scholar. All study designs were considered. Quality assessment of included studies were independently assessed and reported. The search identified 291 articles; of the 16 eligible full-text papers, 8 met the review criteria, reporting two interventional, two qualitative and four observational studies. Samples ranged from 12 to 21 participants. Heterogeneity related to study design and the methods of the included studies prevented meta-analysis. Nevertheless, the intervention studies reported a positive effect of smartphone apps on asthma control, medication adherence and self-efficacy. Smartphone apps may be an effective asthma control tool especially among adolescents who are major users of smartphones; however, conclusions are limited by a lack of controlled trials and adequate sample sizes.

scholarly journals Low Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (Vitamin D) Level Is Associated With Susceptibility to COVID-19, Severity, and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rizki Akbar ◽  
Arief Wibowo ◽  
Raymond Pranata ◽  
Budi Setiabudiawan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Meta Regression Analysis ◽  
Embase Database ◽  
Low Serum

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess whether low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) level is associated with susceptibility to COVID-19, severity, and mortality related to COVID-19.Methods: Systematic literature searches of PubMed, Scopus, and Embase database up until 9 December 2020. We include published observational prospective and retrospective studies with information on 25-OHD that reported main/secondary outcome. Low serum 25-OHD refers to participants with serum 25-OHD level below a cut-off point ranging from 20 to 30 ng/mL. Other cut-off values were excluded to reduce heterogeneity. The main outcome was mortality defined as non-survivor/death. The secondary outcome was susceptibility and severe COVID-19.Results: There were 14 studies comprising of 999,179 participants. Low serum 25-OHD was associated with higher rate of COVID-19 infection compared to the control group (OR = 2.71 [1.72, 4.29], p < 0.001; I2: 92.6%). Higher rate of severe COVID-19 was observed in patients with low serum 25-OHD (OR = 1.90 [1.24, 2.93], p = 0.003; I2: 55.3%), with a sensitivity of 83%, specificity of 39%, PLR of 1.4, NLR of 0.43, and DOR of 3. Low serum 25-OHD was associated with higher mortality (OR = 3.08 [1.35, 7.00], p = 0.011; I2: 80.3%), with a sensitivity of 85%, specificity of 35%, PLR of 1.3, NLR of 0.44, and DOR of 3. Meta-regression analysis showed that the association between low serum 25-OHD and mortality was affected by male gender (OR = 1.22 [1.08, 1.39], p = 0.002), diabetes (OR = 0.88 [0.79, 0.98], p = 0.019).Conclusion: Low serum 25-OHD level was associated with COVID-19 infection, severe presentation, and mortality.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 circulation in the school setting: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Martinoli ◽  
Carlo La Vecchia ◽  
Sara Raimondi ◽  
Federica Bellerba ◽  
Clementina Sasso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Viral Transmission ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Viral Spread ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Index Cases

Background. The contribution of children to viral spread in schools is still under debate. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies to investigate SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the school setting. Methods: Literature searches from April, 2021 and repeated on May, 15th 2021 yielded a total of 1088 publications: screening, contact tracing and seroprevalence studies. MOOSE guidelines were followed and data analyzed using random-effects models. Results: From screening studies involving more than 120,000 subjects, we estimated 0.31% (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.05-0.81%) SARS-CoV-2 point prevalence in schools. Contact tracing studies, involving a total of 112,622 contacts of children and adults, showed that onward viral transmission was limited (2.54%; 95%CI 0.76-5.31). Young index cases were found to be 74% significantly less likely than adults to favor viral spread (Odds Ratio [OR]=0.26; 95%CI 0.11-0.63) and were less susceptible to infection (OR=0.60; 95% CI 0.25-1.47). Finally, from seroprevalence studies, with a total of 17,879 subjects involved, we estimated that children are 43% significantly less likely than adults to test positive for antibodies (OR=0.57; 95%CI: 0.49-0.68). In conclusion, testing all subjects in schools, independently of symptoms, students less likely than adults favor viral spread and SARS-CoV-2 circulation in schools was found to be limited.

scholarly journals Impact of Non-Confinement Accommodation on Farrowing Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Farrowing Crates Versus Pens

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dannielle Glencorse ◽  
Kate Plush ◽  
Susan Hazel ◽  
Darryl D’Souza ◽  
Michelle Hebart
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Piglet Mortality ◽  
Partial Confinement ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Piglet Survival

There are conflicting reports regarding the effect of farrowing house accommodation on piglet performance. The aim of this investigation was to use a systematic review and meta-analyses to summarise the results of publications that focused on direct comparisons between full confinement conventional crates and various designs of loose-housed farrowing pens from loading until weaning. Literature searches in Scopus, BIOSIS Previews, Cab Abstracts, and Web of Science identified 6695 articles. Twenty-two publications were retained for the systematic review and individual meta-analyses after screening for inclusion criteria. The random effects meta-analyses were performed on crate versus pen for number of piglets born alive, number of stillborn piglets, pre-weaning mortality, and number of piglets weaned. Additionally, the modifiers of confinement length (no confinement from loading until weaning or partial confinement for shorter periods of time in the early stages post parturition), enrichment (no enrichment or enrichment provided), and pen size (small, medium, or large) were examined. There was a 14% increase in the relative risk of piglet mortality in farrowing pens when they were compared with crates (p = 0.0015). The number of stillborns per litter was not different between the pen and crate. However, when providing enrichment in the pens, there was an increase in stillborns within farrowing crates versus pens (p = 0.009). There was no overall effect on piglets that were born alive or number weaned. As there is no difference between piglets born alive and mortality is significantly higher in farrowing pens, a reduction in the number of piglets weaned was expected but not observed, which was possibly due to the lack of weaning details provided in the publications. This was the first systematic review and meta-analysis conducted on the performance of farrowing accommodation and identified that farrowing pens do compromise post-natal piglet survival. Future efforts should focus on improving sow comfort in the farrowing crate to maximize both piglet and sow welfare.

scholarly journals Exercise therapy improves eGFR, and reduces blood pressure and BMI in non-dialysis CKD patients: evidence from a meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijun Zhang ◽  
Yangyang Wang ◽  
Lianlian Xiong ◽  
Yanfang Luo ◽  
Zhijun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Exercise Therapy ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Short Term

Abstract Background Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, which often lead to physical inactivity that correlates with CKD exacerbation. The benefits of regular exercise to cardiovascular health have been well established in healthy population and highly suggestive in patients with CKD. To further strengthen the evidence base for the management of CKD, this meta-analysis was performed to systematically evaluate the effects of exercise therapy on renal function, blood pressure, blood lipid and body mass index (BMI) in non-dialysis CKD patients. Methods This meta-analysis was conducted following a previous protocol. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effects of exercise therapy in non-dialysis CKD patients were searched in Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and three major Chinese biomedical databases (CNKI, WANGFANG and VIP) from their start date to October 30th, 2018. The Cochrane systematic review methods were applied for quality assessment and data extraction, and Revman version 5.3 was used for systematic review and meta-analysis. Results 13 RCTs, representing 421 patients with non-dialysis CKD, were included in this meta-analysis. Compared to the controls, exercise therapy brought an increase in eGFR (MD = 2.62, 95% CI:0.42 to 4.82, P = 0.02, I2 = 22%), and decreases in systolic blood pressure (SBP) (MD = -5.61, 95% CI:-8.99 to − 2.23, P = 0.001, I2 = 44%), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (MD = -2.87, 95% CI:-3.65 to − 2.08, P < 0.00001, I2 = 16%) and BMI (MD = -1.32, 95% CI:-2.39 to − 0.25, P = 0.02, I2 = 0%) in non-dialysis CKD patients. Exercise therapy of short-term (< 3 months) decreased triglyceride (TG) level (P = 0.0006). However, exercise therapy did not significantly affect serum creatinine (SCr), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL) or low density lipoprotein (LDL) in non-dialysis CKD patients. Conclusion Exercise therapy could benefit non-dialysis CKD patients by increasing eGFR while reducing SBP, DBP and BMI. Additionally, short-term intervention of exercise could decrease TG.

Efficacy of Internet-Delivered Psychodynamic Therapy: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-454
Author(s):  
Tomas Lindegaard ◽  
Matilda Berg ◽  
Gerhard Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Psychodynamic Therapy ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Psychodynamic Treatment ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Treatment Models ◽  
Promising Treatment

Recent years have seen an increase of internet-delivered interventions based on psychodynamic treatment models. To test the efficacy of internet-delivered psychodynamic therapy (IPDT), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Following literature searches, we identified seven studies meeting inclusion criteria. The total number of participants was 528 in the treatment group and 552 in the control conditions. We found small effects favoring IPDT compared to inactive control conditions for main outcomes (g = 0.44), depression (g = 0.46), anxiety (g = 0.20), and quality of life (g = 0.40). There was significant heterogeneity between studies for main outcomes and depression. Within-group effects ranged from Hedges's g = 0.32–0.99. The effects of IPDT were maintained or increased at follow-up. Study quality varied but was generally high. No indications of publication bias were found. In conclusion, IPDT is a promising treatment alternative, especially for depression, although the small number of studies limits the generalizability of the findings.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Digital Interventions for Psychological Well-Being in the Workplace: A Systematic Review Protocol

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Armaou ◽  
Stathis Konstantinidis ◽  
Holly Blake
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
Digital Interventions ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Mental Well Being

Objective: Psychological well-being has been associated with desirable individual and organisational outcomes. This systematic review aims to assess the effectiveness of digital interventions for the improvement of psychological well-being and/or the prevention/management of poor mental well-being in the workplace. Methods: This review protocol is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019142428). Scientific databases including MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and EMBASE will be searched for relevant studies published between January 1990 and July 2019. Studies will be included if they report specific primary and secondary outcomes of digital interventions delivered to adults in the workplace for the improvement of their psychological wellbeing and/or the prevention/management of poor mental well-being and were published in English. Following screening of titles and abstracts, full texts of potentially eligible papers will be screened in duplicate to identify studies that assess the effectiveness of those digital interventions. Discrepancies will be resolved through consensus or by consulting a third reviewer. An integrated narrative synthesis will assess included studies’ findings, and a meta-analysis will be performed if included studies appear to be homogeneous. The “Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias” tool and the JBI (Joanna Briggs Institute) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Quasi-Experimental Studies will be used to appraise included studies. Conclusion: The results of this work will provide recommendations on the use of digital interventions for the promotion of psychological well-being at work. It will also guide the development of future workplace digital interventions and subsequent primary research in this field.

scholarly journals Systematic review and meta-analysis of the associations of vegan and vegetarian diets with inflammatory biomarkers

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane Menzel ◽  
Afraa Jabakhanji ◽  
Ronald Biemann ◽  
Knut Mai ◽  
Klaus Abraham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Vegan Diet ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractPlant-based diets like vegetarian or vegan diets might influence circulating levels of inflammatory biomarkers, thereby reducing the risk of chronic diseases. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the associations of veganism and vegetarianism with circulating inflammatory biomarkers in comparison to omnivores. Literature search was conducted in Pubmed and EMBASE until April 2020 and mean differences of biomarkers were assessed for: C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-18 (IL-18), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1 RA), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-ɑ), E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), adiponectin, omentin-1 and resistin. Of initially identified 1073 publications, 21 cross-sectional studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Vegan diet was associated with lower levels of CRP compared to omnivores [mean difference − 0.54 mg/l, 95%-CI: − 0.79 to − 0.28, p < 0.0001]. This association was less pronounced in vegetarians [mean difference − 0.25 mg/l, 95%-CI: − 0.49 to 0.00, p = 0.05]. In patients with impaired kidney function, the association between vegetarian nutrition and CRP was much stronger with − 3.91 mg/l (95%-CI: − 5.23 to − 2.60; p < 0.0001). No substantial effects were observed for all other inflammatory biomarkers. Despite strong associations between CRP and a vegan or vegetarian diet were seen, further research is needed, as most inflammatory biomarkers were investigated only in single studies so far.

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