scholarly journals Self-regulation in entrepreneurs

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deirdre O’Shea ◽  
Finian Buckley ◽  
Jonathon Halbesleben
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Entrepreneurship Research ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Regulatory Effects ◽  
Entrepreneurial Action ◽  
Process Perspective ◽  
Insight Into

Psychological processes (e.g., cognition, motivation, emotions) have emerged as key to understanding entrepreneurial actions and success. Currently, we do not know enough about specific entrepreneurial psychological processes and particularly lack knowledge about their cumulative or interactive effects. Self-regulation offers some promise in understanding these issues. However, self-regulation in entrepreneurship has not been fully explored, which limits our understanding. We address this by introducing an integrated model of episodic self-regulation (the A-CEM-A model) to map the reciprocal regulatory effects of action, cognition, emotion, and motivation in entrepreneurship research and isolate a series of propositions stemming from the model. We further explore the resource implications of the A-CEM-A model for entrepreneurs managing several self-regulatory processes simultaneously. The A-CEM-A model offers a novel and unique insight into entrepreneurial action and psychological processes, and presents a roadmap for future researchers interested in adopting an episodic process perspective in entrepreneurship research.

scholarly journals The effects of locomotion on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell fate: insight into mechanical regulation and bone formation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanxiu Sun ◽  
Yu Yuan ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
Le Lei ◽  
Lingli Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Stem Cell Fate ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adipocytic Differentiation ◽  
Regulatory Effects ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Mechanical Regulation

AbstractBone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) refer to a heterogeneous population of cells with the capacity for self-renewal. BMSCs have multi-directional differentiation potential and can differentiate into chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and adipocytes under specific microenvironment or mechanical regulation. The activities of BMSCs are closely related to bone quality. Previous studies have shown that BMSCs and their lineage-differentiated progeny (for example, osteoblasts), and osteocytes are mechanosensitive in bone. Thus, a goal of this review is to discuss how these ubiquious signals arising from mechanical stimulation are perceived by BMSCs and then how the cells respond to them. Studies in recent years reported a significant effect of locomotion on the migration, proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs, thus, contributing to our bone mass. This regulation is realized by the various intersecting signaling pathways including RhoA/Rock, IFG, BMP and Wnt signalling. The mechanoresponse of BMSCs also provides guidance for maintaining bone health by taking appropriate exercises. This review will summarize the regulatory effects of locomotion/mechanical loading on BMSCs activities. Besides, a number of signalling pathways govern MSC fate towards osteogenic or adipocytic differentiation will be discussed. The understanding of mechanoresponse of BMSCs makes the foundation for translational medicine.

A Disorder by Any Other Name: Metacognition, Schizophrenia, and Diagnostic Practice

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul H. Lysaker ◽  
Aieyat B. Zalzala ◽  
Nicolai Ladegaard ◽  
Benjamin Buck ◽  
Bethany L. Leonhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Humanistic Psychology ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Diagnostic Practice ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Metacognitive Reflection ◽  
Diagnostic Label

Humanistic psychology has made us aware that any understanding of schizophrenia must see persons diagnosed with this condition as whole persons who are making sense of what wellness and recovery mean to them. This has raised questions about what the diagnosis of schizophrenia means and whether the diagnostic label of schizophrenia is helpful when we try to conceptualize the actions and aims of treatment. To examine this issue we propose it is essential to consider what is systematically occuring psychologicaly in recovery when persons experience, interpret and agentically respond to emerging challenges. We then review how the integrated model of metacognition provides a systematic, person-centered, evidence-based approach to understanding psychological processes which impact recovery, and discuss how this guides a form of psychotherapy, metacognitive reflection and insight therapy, which promotes metacognitive abilities and support recovery. We suggest this work indicates that metacognitive capacity is something that can be diagnosed without stigmatizing persons. It can be used to meaningfully inform clinical practice across various theoretical models and offers concrete implications for rehabilitation.

Exposing the tactics of alcohol companies

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Moore AM
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Tobacco Industry ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
World Market ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Alcohol Industry ◽  
Members Of Parliament ◽  
The World ◽  
Prime Objective ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Background The alcohol industry has taken a page from the tobacco industry play book in an attempt to resist regulation through delay, self-regulation and effective lobbying. The global alcohol industry is constantly seeking to increase sales of harmful products through widespread marketing, the targeting of young people, and resisting regulatory action. Methods An assessment of the number of lobbyists engaged in one form of another to influence members of Parliament in Australia is being conducted to provide an insight into the attempts to influence alcohol policy. This follows a scan of the lobbyists' register by Daube et al in 2018 that found the while the tobacco industry had 20 direct lobbyists and 14 indirect, the junk food industry 33 direct and 13 indirect, the most dominant was the alcohol industry with 43 direct and 23 indirect. A careful re-examination of the register in 2020 is expected to reveal an increase in these numbers. There will also be an examination of the State and Territory registers in an attempt to understand the overall numbers of people specifically attempting to influence governments. Discussion This particular examination is focussed on the Australian Parliament/s. However, the message will be similar world-wide. Companies such as Diageo have a significant share of the world market with net sales, for example, being 25% of scotch, 16% of beer and 11% of vodka. Their “Drinkiq” website claims “Diageo is committed to preventing and reducing alcohol abuse around the world”. However, other business websites illustrate that their prime objective is to sell more alcohol. Presentation The presentation will focus on the importance of countering the efforts of industry in increasing availability of alcohol. It will also provide a series of steps that public health advocates can take in order to persuade governments of the importance of protecting community health through appropriate regulation of the marketing and sales of alcohol. Key messages The alcohol industry seeks to increase sales while arguing it is protecting health. Public health advocates do have the tools to counter approaches by alcohol companies.

scholarly journals Regulation of Alcohol Advertising in Australia: Does the Abac Scheme Adequately Protect Young People from Marketing of Alcoholic Beverages?

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda Reeve
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
Alcohol Advertising ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Alcohol Marketing ◽  
Effective Form ◽  
Advertising Content

This paper examines regulation of alcohol advertising regulation in Australia. Specifically, it considers whether the alcohol industry’s code of conduct, the Alcohol Beverages Advertising Code (‘ABAC’) operates as an effective form of industry-based regulation, focusing on provisions that prohibit alcohol advertising in media directed to children and young people, and advertising content or messaging that appeals to minors. The paper sets out a framework for effective self-regulation and applies it to the substantive provisions and regulatory processes established by the ABAC Scheme. The paper finds that the substantive rules found in the ABAC contain a number of significant loopholes, including a failure to adequately restrict the placement of alcohol promotions or to regulate alcohol industry sponsorship. Further, the ABAC Scheme lacks independent administration, systematic monitoring, or meaningful sanctions for responding to non-compliance. Accordingly, regulatory processes lack transparency and accountability, undermining the credibility and efficacy of the Scheme. The paper concludes by outlining a phased or responsive approach to creating a regulatory regime that protects young people more effectively from exposure to alcohol marketing.

scholarly journals Self-regulation strategies of smartphone use during university self-study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Barron ◽  
Linda Katherine Kaye
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Learned Helplessness ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Fear Of Missing Out ◽  
Self Study ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Insight Into

The role of smartphones within education has received a lot of media and academic attention. This has typically focused on their use in the classroom, within tutor-directed sessions. However, less has been focused on how smartphone use is negotiated within self-study. Using semi-structured interviews, the current study sought to explore final year undergraduate students’ (N = 6) strategies for smartphone self-regulation during self-study time and the extent to which these strategies were effective. IPA revealed three main themes: “Urgency, Context and Consistency”, “Learned Helplessness” and “Fear of Missing out (FoMO)”. The findings extend our understanding of how conceptual frameworks such as self-regulation apply to smartphone regulation during self-study, and provide insight into the barriers for effective regulatory behaviour. Implications for both self-study efficacy and smartphone regulation are discussed.

scholarly journals ENTREPRENEURS' EDUCATION: CRITICAL AREAS FOR THE PEDAGOGIC‐DIDACTIC AGENDA AND BEYOND

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Grüner ◽  
Lars Neuberger
Keyword(s):  
Small Contribution ◽  
Entrepreneurship Research ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
University Level ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
Reflection On Practice ◽  
Insight Into

In the following article we aim to give the reader an insight into the problems we have encountered since we began developing a curriculum for entrepreneur education at university level. We have been able to find solutions to some of the problems faced. More interesting though seem to be the quandaries which crop up almost automatically when pedagogues attempt to formulate a programme of “Entrepreneur Education”. They give us occasion to critically reflect on some accepted standpoints, and should also open up interesting perspectives for the reader for his or her own consideration. As such we intend to spend more time on the quandaries whilst providing rather brief sketches of our solutions. We hope to be able to offer a small contribution to the field in order to fuel critical debate in the discipline of Entrepreneurship Research and Education; debate whose aim is to effect critically constructive reflection on practice and existing knowledge, and forge innovative new paths towards the object of research.

Chemical carcinogens

2019 ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
David H. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Dna Repair ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Chemical Carcinogens ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Genotoxic Carcinogens ◽  
The Many ◽  
Transformation Methods ◽  
Insight Into

Large geographical and temporal differences in cancer incidence indicate that the causes of the majority of cases are a consequence of environmental and lifestyle factors. While many of these remain unknown, around half have known causes, and these include chemicals in air, water, and food, as well as products of industrial processes and of combustion. The major classes of chemical carcinogens and how they were discovered are described. A property shared by many of them is that they, or one or more of their metabolites, are electrophiles that can damage DNA in mammalian cells, leading to cellular responses including DNA repair, cytotoxicity, apoptosis, mutagenesis, and malignant transformation. Methods for predicting the carcinogenicity of new chemicals are part of the regulatory processes for safety assessment, and sensitive methods for monitoring human exposure to carcinogens provide insight into the aetiology of cancer. The mutational signatures that genotoxic carcinogens leave in the tumours they induce provide evidence of the chemicals that have caused them, and the approach has promise for shedding light on the many as-yet-unidentified cases of cancer worldwide.

Regulatory, motivational, and personality features of younger adolescents with positive dynamics of psychological well-being

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Fomina ◽  
◽  
Y. A. Ishmuratova ◽  
E. V. Filippova
Keyword(s):  
Academic Motivation ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Educational Motivation ◽  
Motivational Profile ◽  
Personality Features ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

The authors present their analysis of data obtained in the longitudinal study on the specifics of the regulatory, intrapersonal and motivational characteristics of adolescents with positive dynamics of psychological well-being. The sample consisted of the Russian schoolchildren (N = 98) examined twice with 1-year interval: in the 5th, then in the 6th grade. Diagnostics of the psychological well-being level by means of the Well-Being Manifestation Measure Scale allowed to distinguish a group of students characterized by the positive dynamics of well-being at a given period of time (N = 75). The features of self-regulation, attitudes towards learning, academic motivation, and personality characteristics of these students were then identified and described. Conscious self-regulation was assessed using Morosanova’s Self-Regulation Profile of Learning Activity Questionnaire. It was shown that self-regulation in this group of children is characterized by a harmonious profile with well-developed regulatory processes. The specifics of academic motivation were analyzed using the Scales of Academic Motivation of Schoolchildren. It was established that intrinsic motivation, despite a slight overall decrease in the level of educational motivation at this period of schooling, stably exceeds the level of ineffective external types of educational motives in the motivational profile of these children. Considering the specifics of personality traits (according to the results of the Big Five Questionnaire — Children version method) revealed that pupils with positive dynamics of psychological well-being are characterized by high values of extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness to experience, accompanied by the low neuroticism level. The results obtained indicate a positive trajectory of the subjective activity formation in these adolescents and their successful adaptation to the changing educational environment.

Social Consequences of Disparagement Humor: A Prejudiced Norm Theory

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Ford ◽  
Mark A. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Disparagement Humor ◽  
The Social ◽  
Norm Theory ◽  
Prejudice And Discrimination

In this article we introduce a “prejudiced norm theory” that specifies the social-psychological processes by which exposure to disparagement humor uniquely affects tolerance of discrimination against members of groups targeted by the humor. Our theory posits that a norm of tolerance of discrimination implied by disparagement humor functions as a source of self-regulation for people high in prejudice. For people high in prejudice, this norm regulates the effect of exposure to disparagement humor on tolerance of subsequently encountered discriminatory events. Our theory contributes to the literature on prejudice and discrimination by delineating the processes by which disparagement humor creates a normative climate of tolerance of discrimination, as well as variables that accentuate and attenuate its effects.

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