scholarly journals Usefulness of two-dimensional measurements for the evaluation of brain volume and disability in multiple sclerosis

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 205521732110707
Author(s):  
Satori Ajitomi ◽  
Juichi Fujimori ◽  
Ichiro Nakashima
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Lateral Ventricle ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Grey Matter Volume ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Matter Volume

Background Two-dimensional (2D) measures have been proposed as potential proxies for whole-brain volume in multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective To verify whether 2D measurements by routine MRI are useful in predicting brain volume or disability in MS. Methods In this cross-sectional analysis, eighty-five consecutive Japanese MS patients—relapsing-remitting MS (81%) and progressive MS (19%)—underwent 1.5 Tesla T1-weighted 3D MRI examinations to measure whole-brain and grey matter volume. 2D measurements, namely, third ventricle width, lateral ventricle width (LVW), brain width, bicaudate ratio, and corpus callosum index (CCI), were obtained from each scan. Correlations between 2D measurements and 3D measurements, the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), or processing speed were analysed. Results The third and lateral ventricle widths were well-correlated with the whole-brain volume ( p < 0.0001), grey matter volume ( p < 0.0001), and EDSS scores ( p = 0.0001, p = .0004, respectively).The least squares regression model revealed that 78% of the variation in whole-brain volume could be explained using five explanatory variables, namely, LVW, CCI, age, sex, and disease duration. By contrast, the partial correlation coefficient excluding the effect of age showed that the CCI was significantly correlated with the EDSS and processing speed ( p < 0.0001). Conclusion Ventricle width correlated well with brain volumes, while the CCI correlated well with age-independent (i.e. disease-induced) disability.

Cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light levels mark grey matter volume in clinically isolated syndrome suggestive of multiple sclerosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1039-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Tortorella ◽  
Vita Direnzo ◽  
Maddalena Ruggieri ◽  
Stefano Zoccolella ◽  
Mariangela Mastrapasqua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Clinically Isolated Syndrome ◽  
Grey Matter Volume ◽  
Neurofilament Light ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Matter Volume

Background: Brain atrophy is a known marker of irreversible tissue damage in multiple sclerosis (MS). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) osteopontin (OPN) and neurofilament light chain (NF-L) have been proposed as candidate surrogate markers of inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes in MS. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between CSF NF-L and OPN levels and brain grey and white matter volumes in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) suggestive of MS. Methods: A total of 41 CIS patients and 30 neurological controls (NCs) were included. CSF NF-L and OPN were measured by commercial ELISA. Measures of brain volume (normalized brain volume (NBV), normalized grey matter volume (NGV), peripheral grey matter volume (PGV), normalized white matter volume (WMV), and ventricular volume) were obtained by SIENAX. Corpus callosum index (CCI) was calculated. Brain volumes were categorized into ‘high’ and ‘low’ according to the median value. Results: CSF NF-L and OPN levels were higher in CIS patients in comparison with NCs. CIS patients with ‘low’ TGV, PGV, and TBV showed higher CSF NF-L levels than CIS patients with ‘high’ brain volumes. TGV and PGV correlated inversely with NF-L levels, whereas CCI was inversely related to OPN levels. CSF NF-L was the only independent predictor of TGV and PGV. Conclusion: CSF NF-L tracks mainly grey matter damage in patients with CIS suggestive of MS.

Whole brain and grey matter volume of Japanese patients with multiple sclerosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 306 ◽  
pp. 68-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Akaishi ◽  
Ichiro Nakashima ◽  
Shunji Mugikura ◽  
Masashi Aoki ◽  
Kazuo Fujihara
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Grey Matter Volume ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Matter Volume

scholarly journals Causal effect of atrial fibrillation on brain white or grey matter volume: A Mendelian randomization study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sehoon Park ◽  
Soojin Lee ◽  
Yaerim Kim ◽  
Semin Cho ◽  
Kwangsoo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Grey Matter Volume ◽  
Volume Loss ◽  
White Matter Volume ◽  
Matter Volume

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) and brain volume loss are prevalent in older individuals. Further study investigating the causal effect of AF on brain volume is warranted.MethodsThis study was a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. The genetic instrument for AF was constructed from a previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis and included 537,409 individuals of European ancestry. The outcome summary statistics for quantile-normalized white or grey matter volume measured by magnetic resonance imaging were provided by the previous GWAS of 8426 white British UK Biobank participants. The main MR method was the inverse variance weighted method, supported by sensitivity MR analysis including MR-Egger regression and the weighted median method. The causal estimates from AF to white or grey matter volume were further adjusted for effects of any stroke or ischemic stroke by multivariable MR analysis.ResultsA higher genetic predisposition for AF (one standard deviation increase) was significantly associated with lower white matter volume [beta −0.128 (−0.208, −0.048)] but not grey matter volume [beta −0.041 (−0.101, 0.018)], supported by all utilized sensitivity MR analyses. The multivariable MR analysis indicated that AF is causally linked to lower white matter volume independent of the stroke effect.ConclusionsAF is a causative factor for white matter volume loss. The effect of AF on grey matter volume was inapparent in this study. A future trial is necessary to confirm whether appropriate AF management can be helpful in preventing cerebral white matter volume loss or related brain disorders in AF patients.

scholarly journals Age-specific adult rat brain MRI templates and tissue probability maps

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eilidh MacNicol ◽  
Paul Wright ◽  
Eugene Kim ◽  
Irene Brusini ◽  
Oscar Esteban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Grey Matter Volume ◽  
Total Brain Volume ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Probability Maps ◽  
Total Brain

Age-specific resources mitigate biases in human MRI processing arising from structural changes across the lifespan. There are fewer age-specific resources for preclinical imaging, and they only represent developmental periods rather than adulthood. Since rats recapitulate many facets of human aging, it was hypothesized that brain volume and each tissue’s relative contribution to total brain volume would change with age in the adult rat. However, the currently available tissue probability maps, which provide a priori information for tissue volume estimation, provide inaccurate grey matter probabilities in subcortical structures, particularly the thalamus. Consequently, age-specific templates and tissue probability maps were generated from a longitudinal study that scanned a cohort of rats at 3, 5, 11, and 17 months old. Mixed-effects models assessed the effect of age on brain, grey matter, white matter, and CSF volumes, and the relative tissue proportions. Grey and white matter volume increased with age, and the tissue proportions relative to total brain volume varied throughout adulthood. Furthermore, we present evidence of a systematic underestimation of thalamic grey matter volume with existing resources, which is mitigated with the use of age-specific tissue probability maps since the derived estimates better matched histological evidence. To reduce age-related biases in image pre-processing, a set of rat brain resources from across the adult lifespan is consequently released to expand the preclinical MRI community’s fundamental resources.

Genes associated with grey matter volume reduction in multiple sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Sun ◽  
Yingying Xie ◽  
Qiuhui Wang ◽  
Junlin Shen ◽  
Wen Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Volume Reduction ◽  
Grey Matter Volume ◽  
Matter Volume

scholarly journals Determinants of Disability in Multiple Sclerosis: An Immunological and MRI Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Tortorella ◽  
Maria Marcella Laganà ◽  
Marina Saresella ◽  
Eleonora Tavazzi ◽  
Maria Giulia Preti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Grey Matter Volume ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Matter Volume

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by a wide interpatient clinical variability and available biomarkers of disease severity still have suboptimal reliability. We aimed to assess immunological and MRI-derived measures of brain tissue damage in patients with different motor impairment degrees, forin vivoinvestigating the pathogenesis of MS-related disability. Twenty-two benign (B), 26 secondary progressive (SP), and 11 early, nondisabled relapsing-remitting (RR) MS patients and 37 healthy controls (HC) underwent conventional and diffusion tensor brain MRI and, as regards MS patients, immunophenotypic and functional analysis of stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Corticospinal tract (CST) fractional anisotropy and grey matter volume were lower and CST diffusivity was higher in SPMS compared to RRMS and BMS patients. CD14+IL6+ and CD4+IL25+ cell percentages were higher in BMS than in SPMS patients. A multivariable model having EDSS as the dependent variable retained the following independent predictors: grey matter volume, CD14+IL6+ and CD4+IL25+ cell percentages. In patients without motor impairment after long-lasting MS, the grey matter and CST damage degree seem to remain as low as in the earlier disease stages and an immunological pattern suggestive of balanced pro- and anti-inflammatory activity is observed. MRI-derived and immunological measures might be used as complementary biomarkers of MS severity.

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