scholarly journals Managerial Attention and Export Performance: A Comparison between mMNEs and Pure SME Exporters

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824402110475
Author(s):  
Jiasi Fan
Keyword(s):  
Export Performance ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Managerial Attention ◽  
International Attention ◽  
International Activities ◽  
Performance Gains

Drawing on the attention-based view and literature on small- and medium-sized enterprises’ (SMEs) internationalization, we explore the value of international attention (i.e., managerial time and effort devoted to understanding the international marketplace) for SME export performance. We further argue that SMEs are heterogeneous in terms of situated contexts and organizational structures, and for that matter, differ in performance gains achieved through their managers’ international attention. A distinction is therefore made between pure exporters and so-called “micromultinationals (mMNEs)” that engage in more committed international activities besides exporting. Based on a survey of Dutch SMEs, our findings indicate a positive association between managers’ international attention and firms’ export performance. This relationship is stronger for mMNEs than for pure SME exporters, pointing to the implication that managers’ international attention should be commensurate with firm specifics in order to add values.

scholarly journals Antecedent and outcomes of innovation-based growth strategies for exporting SMEs

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Javadinia Azari ◽  
Tage Koed Madsen ◽  
Øystein Moen
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Product Innovation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Business Model Innovation ◽  
Growth Strategies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Types

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the antecedent and outcomes of different types of innovation as complementary growth strategies, which may enable exporting small- to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to achieve success in export markets. Design/methodology/approach This study is based upon a quantitative survey on Norwegian exporting SMEs. A total of 380 questionnaires were received representing 16.8 per cent response rate. A structural equation modelling analysis is carried out on the sample. Findings The study finds positive and significant associations between the firm’s growth ambition and the pursuance of product and business model innovations. Moreover, the firm’s export degree and scope has a significant and positive association with its product innovation strategy, but the association with its business model innovation is significantly negative. Research limitations/implications The study’s findings indicate that future studies should incorporate different types of innovation strategies since their associations with export performance differ substantially. Treating innovation as a general construct appears to be too simplistic. Practical implications The study’s results indicate that focus on product innovation enhances the export performance of SMEs, but that focus on business model innovation has a negative impact. The latter may be too costly and distract focus from the firm’s core competences, whereas product innovation can be assumed to provide further competitive strength. Originality/value By taking a holistic approach towards innovation, this study addresses a gap in the literature on innovation and exporting in SMEs in order to investigate the association between different types of innovation-based growth strategies and the firms’ export prosperity.

scholarly journals Internationalisation and financing options of Ghanaian SMEs

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Abor
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Debt Financing ◽  
Equity Financing ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Debt Capital ◽  
International Activities ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Over Time

This article presents a study of internationalisation and the financing options of Ghanaian small and medium scale nontraditional exporters. The article also examines how the age and size of an organisation affect the choice of financing. The results show a positive association between debt financing and the age of an organisation. Over time, organisations become more acceptable investments to lenders, and consequently older organisations are more likely to obtain debt financing than their younger counterparts. With respect to size, the results again indicate that larger organisations are more likely to receive debt financing. The results also show a positive relationship between degree of internationalisation and debt financing. The results suggest that as organisations engage more in international activities, they employ more debt but use less of equity financing. This is explained by the fact that organisations involved in international business tend to be more diversified and, as such, are capable of accommodating more debt capital

Multinational Enterprise Organizational Structures and Subsidiary Role and Capability Development: The Moderating Role of Establishment Mode

2021 ◽  
pp. 105960112110609
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mustafa Raziq ◽  
Gabriel R.G. Benito ◽  
Yuanfei Kang
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Multinational Enterprise ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Capability Development ◽  
Subsidiary Development ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Establishment Mode ◽  
Reporting Relationships

Multinational enterprises (MNEs) develop structural configurations for managing their geographically dispersed and disaggregated activities. These structures can be classified as (a) simple headquarters configurations (involves corporate, regional, divisional headquarters and mandated units) involving few direct reporting relationships; (b) network organizations involving no direct reporting relationships; and (c) matrix configurations involving multiple reporting relationships. While these structures are built for handling various complexities and purposes, it is unclear how they influence subsidiary role and capability development. We hypothesize how these structures influence subsidiary development and propose a moderating role of MNE establishment mode on the direct structure-subsidiary development relationship. Based on data from 429 foreign subsidiaries in New Zealand, our results show that subsidiary development varies across the structures such that simple headquarters configurations experience the least opportunities to develop. While the matrix and network structures as complex configurations offer distinct paths to subsidiary development, subsidiaries managed under the former are more likely to follow the developmental path of networking and interunit learning, and the subsidiaries managed under the latter are more likely to follow the path of autonomy and innovation. Furthermore, the positive association of network structure with subsidiary initiatives and autonomy is stronger for greenfield subsidiaries, whereas the positive association of matrix structure with subsidiary mandates is stronger for acquired subsidiaries.

Why Can’t I Stop Thinking About It?

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique C. Pfaltz ◽  
Beatrice Mörstedt ◽  
Andrea H. Meyer ◽  
Frank H. Wilhelm ◽  
Joe Kossowsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thought Suppression ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Thought Processes ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Vulnerability Factor ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Maladaptive Thought ◽  
Severe Anxiety

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a severe anxiety disorder characterized by frequent obsessive thoughts and repetitive behaviors. Neuroticism is a vulnerability factor for OCD, yet the mechanisms by which this general vulnerability factor affects the development of OCD-related symptoms are unknown. The present study assessed a hierarchical model of the development of obsessive thoughts that includes neuroticism as a general, higher-order factor, and specific, potentially maladaptive thought processes (thought suppression, worry, and brooding) as second-order factors manifesting in the tendency toward obsessing. A total of 238 participants completed questionnaires assessing the examined constructs. The results of mediator analyses demonstrated the hypothesized relationships: A positive association between neuroticism and obsessing was mediated by thought suppression, worry, and brooding. Independent of the participant’s sex, all three mediators contributed equally and substantially to the association between neuroticism and obsessing. These findings extend earlier research on hierarchical models of anxiety and provide a basis for further refinement of models of the development of obsessive thoughts.

Perceived Overprotection and Its Association With Quality of Life in Dementia

GeroPsych ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Mechthild Niemann-Mirmehdi ◽  
Andreas Häusler ◽  
Paul Gellert ◽  
Johanna Nordheim
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Patient Autonomy ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Mental Well Being

Abstract. To date, few studies have focused on perceived overprotection from the perspective of people with dementia (PwD). In the present examination, the association of perceived overprotection in PwD is examined as an autonomy-restricting factor and thus negative for their mental well-being. Cross-sectional data from the prospective DYADEM study of 82 patient/partner dyads (mean age = 74.26) were used to investigate the association between overprotection, perceived stress, depression, and quality of life (QoL). The analyses show that an overprotective contact style with PwD has a significant positive association with stress and depression, and has a negative association with QoL. The results emphasize the importance of avoiding an overprotective care style and supporting patient autonomy.

Domestic Integration and Suicide in the Provinces of Canada

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoon A. Leenaars ◽  
David Lester
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Marriage Rates ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
The Social ◽  
Divorce Rates ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Over Time

Canada's rate of suicide varies from province to province. The classical theory of suicide, which attempts to explain the social suicide rate, stems from Durkheim, who argued that low levels of social integration and regulation are associated with high rates of suicide. The present study explored whether social factors (divorce, marriage, and birth rates) do in fact predict suicide rates over time for each province (period studied: 1950-1990). The results showed a positive association between divorce rates and suicide rates, and a negative association between birth rates and suicide rates. Marriage rates showed no consistent association, an anomaly as compared to research from other nations.

Very Low Activated Factor VII and Reduced Factor VII Antigen in Familial Abetalipoproteinaemia

1998 ◽  
Vol 80 (08) ◽  
pp. 233-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Mitropoulos ◽  
M. N. Nanjee ◽  
D. J. Howarth ◽  
J. C. Martin ◽  
M. P. Esnouf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Factor Ix ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Unesterified Fatty Acid ◽  
Factor Xii ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Factor Xi ◽  
Activated Factor Vii ◽  
Normal Mean

SummaryAbetalipoproteinaemia is a rare disorder of apolipoprotein B metabolism associated with extremely low plasma concentrations of triglyce-ride. To discover whether the general positive association between factor VII and triglyceride levels extends to this condition, 5 patients were compared with 18 controls. All patients had a triglyceride below 100 μmol/l. Plasma unesterified fatty acid concentration was normal. Although factor IX activity was only slightly reduced (mean 88% standard) and factor IX antigen was normal, mean activated factor VII in patients was strikingly reduced to 34% of that in controls, a level similar to that found in haemophilia B. The patients’ mean factor VII activity and factor VII antigen were also significantly reduced to 54% and 63% of those in controls, respectively. Mean factor XI activity and tissue factor pathway inhibitor activity were reduced in patients to 70% and 75% of control values respectively, while factor XII, factor XI antigen, factor X, prothrombin and protein C were normal.

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