Multinational Enterprise Organizational Structures and Subsidiary Role and Capability Development: The Moderating Role of Establishment Mode

2021 ◽  
pp. 105960112110609
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mustafa Raziq ◽  
Gabriel R.G. Benito ◽  
Yuanfei Kang
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Multinational Enterprise ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Capability Development ◽  
Subsidiary Development ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Establishment Mode ◽  
Reporting Relationships

Multinational enterprises (MNEs) develop structural configurations for managing their geographically dispersed and disaggregated activities. These structures can be classified as (a) simple headquarters configurations (involves corporate, regional, divisional headquarters and mandated units) involving few direct reporting relationships; (b) network organizations involving no direct reporting relationships; and (c) matrix configurations involving multiple reporting relationships. While these structures are built for handling various complexities and purposes, it is unclear how they influence subsidiary role and capability development. We hypothesize how these structures influence subsidiary development and propose a moderating role of MNE establishment mode on the direct structure-subsidiary development relationship. Based on data from 429 foreign subsidiaries in New Zealand, our results show that subsidiary development varies across the structures such that simple headquarters configurations experience the least opportunities to develop. While the matrix and network structures as complex configurations offer distinct paths to subsidiary development, subsidiaries managed under the former are more likely to follow the developmental path of networking and interunit learning, and the subsidiaries managed under the latter are more likely to follow the path of autonomy and innovation. Furthermore, the positive association of network structure with subsidiary initiatives and autonomy is stronger for greenfield subsidiaries, whereas the positive association of matrix structure with subsidiary mandates is stronger for acquired subsidiaries.

scholarly journals Parental Warmth, Gratitude, and Prosocial Behavior among Chinese Adolescents: The Moderating Effect of School Climate

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 7033
Author(s):  
Haocheng Luo ◽  
Qingqi Liu ◽  
Chengfu Yu ◽  
Yangang Nie
Keyword(s):  
School Climate ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Parental Warmth ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Moderating Role

Parental warmth plays an important role in the development of adolescents’ physical and mental health. There are numerous empirical studies indicating a relationship between parental warmth and prosocial behavior among adolescents, although the underlying mechanisms of this association remain unclear. Adopting a longitudinal design across two time points, the present study proposes a moderated mediation model to explore the mediating role of gratitude and the moderating role of the school climate between parental warmth and prosocial behavior. The sample consisted of 943 participants (483 boys and 451 girls) who participated in the second assessment and completed questionnaires assessing gratitude, school climate, and prosocial behavior in April 2019. Their parents participated in the first assessment and completed a questionnaire pertaining to parental warmth in October 2018. After controlling for the gender and age of the adolescents, the results showed that the positive association between parental warmth and prosocial behavior is mediated by gratitude, and school climate does play a moderating role in the second half of the mediating path. Specifically, the school climate can play a protective role in adolescents with low levels of gratitude. For adolescents with less gratitude, a strong school climate can promote more prosocial behaviors and can effectively alleviate the negative prediction of low levels of gratitude. This study provides a theoretical explanation for the generation of adolescents’ prosocial behavior and provides theoretical guidance for the interventions of schools and parents.

Knowledge-Oriented Leadership, Team Cohesion, and Project Success: A Conditional Mechanism

2022 ◽  
pp. 875697282110631
Author(s):  
Shahida Mariam ◽  
Kausar Fiaz Khawaja ◽  
Muhammad Nawaz Qaisar ◽  
Farooq Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Project Success ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Leadership Team ◽  
Team Cohesion ◽  
Project Complexity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Practical Implications

We examined the impact of knowledge-oriented leadership on project success via team cohesion and the moderating role of valuing people and project complexity on this relationship. We collected data from 121 project employees in Pakistan in a two-wave field survey at an interval of 15 days. The results showed a positive association between knowledge-oriented leadership and project success, and team cohesion partially mediated this relationship. Valuing people positively moderated the relationship between knowledge-oriented leadership and team cohesion. Project complexity had a negative but insignificant moderating effect on project success. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Maternal Harsh Physical Parenting and Behavioral Problems in Children in Religious Families in Yemen

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadija Alsarhi ◽  
Rahma ◽  
Mariëlle J. L. Prevoo ◽  
Lenneke R. A. Alink ◽  
Judi Mesman
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Child Behavior Problems ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cultural Factor ◽  
Direct Association ◽  
Child Behavioral Problems ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Mediation Models

The present study examined maternal religiosity as an underlying cultural factor in the effect of harsh physical parenting on child behavioral problems. Data was collected via a discipline observational task, religiosity-based vignettes, and a questionnaire in a group of 62 mothers and their children in slum areas in Yemen. Moderation and mediation models were tested, where the role of maternal religiosity as a predictor and a moderator in the association between harsh physical parenting and child behavioral problems was explored. Findings showed no direct association between harsh physical parenting, maternal religiosity, and child behavioral problems. However, maternal religiosity was found to significantly moderate the relationship between harsh physical parenting and child behavioral problems such that the positive association between harsh physical parenting and child behavior problems was stronger when parents were more religious. Implications of the moderating role of maternal religiosity on the association between harsh physical parenting and child behavioral problems are discussed.

Diversity management in hotels

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakaria Elkhwesky ◽  
Islam Elbayoumi Salem ◽  
Mona Barakat
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
Capability Development ◽  
Basic Part ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entry Level ◽  
Hr Managers ◽  
Moderating Role

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the importance of ethnic, gender and religious diversity management practices (DMPs) and the level of implementation from perspectives of five-star hotels in Egypt. Besides, it also examines the moderating role of empowerment and capability development (CD) between the importance and the implementation of gender and religious management practices. Design/methodology/approach The questionnaires were distributed personally to entry-level F&B employees, F&B managers, working in F&B departments, and HR managers in all accepted five-star hotels in their workplaces, during July and August 2017. Only 400 returned back, with a response rate of 35 percent and were considered usable for data analysis. Findings The results clarified that there was a significant moderate positive correlation between the importance and the implementation of gender and religious management practices (MPs). Nonetheless, the correlation proved to be significant, weak and positive between the importance and the implementation of ethnic MPs. The relationship between the importance and the implementation of ethnic, gender and religious MPs was not moderated by empowerment. Research limitations/implications Although questionnaires have been collected from diverse F&B outlets, comparisons among outlets were not conducted. This study concentrated on the F&B departments only; hence, future researchers can make comparisons among different departments. Practical implications This study implies that HR managers should recruit employees from diverse ethnicities, gender, ages, disabilities and religions to help five-star hotels achieve success in marketplaces. Recruiting diverse employees should be a basic part of the organizational culture of hotels, specifically F&B departments. Social implications Social activities organized in hotels, such as a tennis table, football and billiards tournaments, are included. Hotels can provide employees with special meals during fasting and they can also allow Christian employees to leave the hotel from 7 to 10 a.m. to attend the mass in church each Sunday. Originality/value Although DM is necessary for the hospitality industry, there is a lack of studies focusing on investigating the importance−implementation of DMPs and analyzing the moderating role of empowerment and CD in this industry, specifically in Egypt. This study provided weighty contributions to the management of diversity in the Egyptian hotel sector and formed one of the first empirical studies.

scholarly journals Twitter and Encountering Diversity: The Moderating Role of Network Diversity and Age in the Relationship Between Twitter Use and Crosscutting Exposure

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 205630511771724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Sup Park ◽  
Barbara K. Kaye
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Older People ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Public Expression ◽  
Network Diversity ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

This article investigates whether Twitter use motivations relate to exposure to discordant information. To this end, this research conducted an online survey of 1,350 adults of South Korea. The results reveal that using Twitter for information-seeking, public-expression, and leisure-seeking purposes helps users to encounter crosscutting exposure, while the use of Twitter for private expression does not. Offline network diversity has a significant association with crosscutting exposure, and it moderates the relationship between Twitter use for public expression or leisure seeking and crosscutting exposure. The positive association between Twitter use for leisure seeking and crosscutting exposure is stronger among younger people than among older people.

scholarly journals Parental Warmth, Gratitude, and Prosocial Behavior among Chinese Adolescents: The Moderating Effect of School Climate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haocheng Luo ◽  
Qingqi Liu ◽  
Chengfu Yu ◽  
Yangang Nie
Keyword(s):  
School Climate ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Parental Warmth ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Moderating Role

Parental warmth plays an important role in the development of adolescents’ physical and mental health. There are numerous empirical studies indicating a relationship between parental warmth and prosocial behavior among adolescents, although the underlying mechanisms of this association remain unclear. Adopting a longitudinal design across two time points, the present study proposes a moderated mediation model to explore the mediating role of gratitude and the moderating role of the school climate between parental warmth and prosocial behavior. The sample consisted of 943 participants (483 boys and 451 girls) who participated in the second assessment and completed questionnaires assessing gratitude, school climate, and prosocial behavior in April 2019. Their parents participated in the first assessment and completed a questionnaire pertaining to parental warmth in October 2018. After controlling for the gender and age of the adolescents, the results showed that the positive association between parental warmth and prosocial behavior is mediated by gratitude, and school climate does play a moderating role in the second half of the mediating path. Specifically, the school climate can play a protective role in adolescents with low levels of gratitude. For adolescents with less gratitude, a strong school climate can promote more prosocial behaviors and can effectively alleviate the negative prediction of low levels of gratitude. This study provides a theoretical explanation for the generation of adolescents’ prosocial behavior, and provides theoretical guidance for the interventions of schools and parents.

scholarly journals Unravelling processes of alliance capability development: longitudinal processual insights from an emerging country multinational enterprise

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Pereira ◽  
Swetketu Patnaik ◽  
Mohammad Roohanifar ◽  
Ram Baliga
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Multinational Enterprise ◽  
Internal Communication ◽  
Capability Development ◽  
Organizational System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Biopharmaceutical Company ◽  
Emerging Country

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore and unbundle the complex processes underpinning development of alliance capabilities, particularly in the context of emerging country multinational enterprises. More specifically, this paper focuses on how firms internalize and translate knowledge generated from experiences gained by participating in international collaborations.Design/methodology/approachThe authors adopt an exploratory case study approach to undertake in-depth processual analysis of alliance capability development in an Indian biopharmaceutical company. The authors focused their analysis on the initial four international alliances the company formed and identified key elements pertaining to alliance capabilities that the company internalized and those that it could not, as this was key in understanding alliance capability.FindingsThe research shows that based on experiences from previous alliances, the Indian organization was able to overhaul its negotiation and governance designing processes and practices as well as made robust changes to its internal communication and coordination practices. Interestingly, the company organization, however, did not make any significant changes to its processes and practices regarding partner selection.Practical implicationsThe results from our study can be used by managers to develop processes and practices when it comes to developing alliance capabilities.Originality/valueThe paper is novel, as it addresses two specific gaps in the nascent alliance capability literature. First, it provides insights on how different constituent elements/aspects of alliance capability actually develop and integrate within the organizational system over time, and in the process, the paper identifies that some aspects are better internalized as compared to other aspects. Second, by focusing the attention on an Indian biopharmaceutical company, the authors attempt to address a gap in alliance capability development research, which has been neglected in emerging country multinational entities.

Understanding the Role of Multinational Enterprise Representatives in Indonesia Towards Geothermal Investment Opportunity in Emerging Economies

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-91
Author(s):  
Arfian Rachmat Putra
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Multinational Enterprise ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Study Case ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Foreign Enterprises

Indonesia is a nation that is surrounded by aquatic resources and other major natural resources which can be utilize and converted to power through an investment program that allows investors to set up a clean energy project from hydro (river or reservoirs), wind, biomass, wave (ocean) and geothermal. The most significant issue which will be elaborated throughout this paper shall concentrate on the implication of internalization towards multinational enterprises by using existing geothermal energy development projects in Indonesia as study case. Indonesia’s natural resources has attracted foreign enterprises to invest in a state with emerging economies understanding that is still under development. Presently, Indonesia is still developing its regulation and availability to supply power demands from multiple areas that are rural, lack of electricity and lack of transmission lines. By comprehending the role of multinational enterprise which was triggered by the theory of internalization and investment.,

Parental rejection and antisocial behavior: the moderating role of testosterone

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Woeckener ◽  
Danielle L. Boisvert ◽  
Eric M. Cooke ◽  
Nicholas Kavish ◽  
Richard H. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Parental Rejection ◽  
Ols Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderating Role

Purpose Research reports a positive relationship between parental rejection and antisocial behavior in adolescents and young adults. Studies also report a positive association between testosterone and antisocial behavior. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether testosterone moderates the influence of parental rejection on antisocial behavior in a sample of young adults. Design/methodology/approach The current study analyzed a sample of undergraduate students (N=322) to examine the interaction between testosterone and parental rejection in the prediction of antisocial behavior. Multivariate ordinary least squares (OLS) regression was used to explore this association. Findings Results from OLS regression models revealed that parental rejection and testosterone were independently associated with antisocial behavior and that the effect of parental rejection on antisocial behavior was stronger at higher levels of testosterone. Originality/value This current study is the first to examine how testosterone conditions the influence of parental rejection on antisocial behavior in young adults. Findings from the study add to the growing body of literature examining the interplay between biological and environmental factors.

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