scholarly journals Game Exposure, Player Characteristics, and Neuromuscular Performance Influence Injury Risk in Professional and Youth Field Hockey Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 232596712199516
Author(s):  
Joel Mason ◽  
Kai Wellmann ◽  
Andreas Groll ◽  
Klaus-Michael Braumann ◽  
Astrid Junge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Field Hockey ◽  
Lower Limb Injury ◽  
Neuromuscular Performance ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Hockey Players

Background: Identifying factors that contribute to the occurrence of injury is an important step in designing training programs to minimize the risk of injury. However, despite high injury rates, variables contributing to injury in field hockey players remain relatively unexplored. Purpose: To identify factors that may predict injury in professional and youth field hockey players. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Method: Professional and youth hockey players completed preseason neuromuscular performance testing and were monitored for injuries, training, and game exposure throughout the subsequent 12-month indoor and outdoor hockey season. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis was conducted to identify injury risk factors. Receiver operating characteristic curves were then calculated to determine the individual predictive accuracy of the identified variables. Results: A total of 83 players (mean ± SD age, 20.7 ± 4.9 years; 34.9% female) with complete performance, injury, and exposure data were included for data analysis. Almost half of players (44.6%) sustained a time-loss injury during the season, and 73% of these injuries occurred in the lower limb. Playing more games and having an older age, asymmetrical and poor dynamic postural control, and better explosive performance were identified as jointly influencing the risk of injury. When considered individually, number of games played throughout the season was the most accurate predictor of injury risk (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.74; P < .001), while asymmetrical and poor dynamic postural control (AUCs = 0.61-0.65; P = .01-.04) and better explosive athletic performance (AUCs = 0.65-0.67; P < .01) were identified as moderate individual predictors of sustaining a general or lower limb injury. Conclusion: A number of modifiable factors were individually and jointly associated with an increased injury risk in field hockey players, providing initial evidence for the design of targeted and sport-specific training programs to mitigate the risk of injury.

scholarly journals Can foot angle influence the risk of injury to the lower limb joints during a field hockey hit?

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e000568
Author(s):  
Frances E Feeley ◽  
Graham P Arnold ◽  
Sadiq Nasir ◽  
Weijie W Wang ◽  
Rami Abboud
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Knee Injury ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Field Hockey ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Lateral Ankle ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Foot Position

ObjectivesThe lower limb is widely reported as the most commonly injured body part in the field of hockey, more specifically lateral ankle sprains and internal knee injury. Despite this, there remains limited understanding of how the biomechanics of the sport could be adapted to minimise injury. The aim of this study was to propose a foot position during the hockey hit that results in the smallest joint angles and moments, from a total of four different foot positions: 0°, 30°, 60° and 90°, which may correlate to injury risk.MethodEighteen players from the local University Ladies Hockey Club participated in this study. Each player was required to perform a hit with their lead foot in four different positions: 0°, 30°, 60° and 90°, where 0° was a lead foot position perpendicular to the direction of motion of the ball. Angles and moments were calculated with the Vicon system using force plates and motion analysis.ResultsSignificant differences (p<0.05) were found between the angles and moments of the four foot positions tested, indicating that foot angle can influence the degree of angulation, and moments, produced in the lower limb joints during the hockey hit.ConclusionThere is a relationship between lead foot position and the angles and moments produced in the lower limb joints during the hockey hit, and this may correlate with injury risk.

scholarly journals On average, a professional rugby union player is more likely than not to sustain a concussion after 25 matches

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (15) ◽  
pp. 969-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Rafferty ◽  
Craig Ranson ◽  
Giles Oatley ◽  
Mohamed Mostafa ◽  
Prabhat Mathema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Concussive Injury ◽  
Over Time

ObjectivesTo investigate concussion injury rates, the likelihood of sustaining concussion relative to the number of rugby union matches and the risk of subsequent injury following concussion.MethodsA four-season (2012/2013–2015/2016) prospective cohort study of injuries in professional level (club and international) rugby union. Incidence (injuries/1000 player-match-hours), severity (days lost per injury) and number of professional matches conferring a large risk of concussion were determined. The risk of injury following concussion was assessed using a survival model.ResultsConcussion incidence increased from 7.9 (95% CI 5.1 to 11.7) to 21.5 injuries/1000 player-match-hours (95% CI 16.4 to 27.6) over the four seasons for combined club and international rugby union. Concussion severity was unchanged over time (median: 9 days). Players were at a greater risk of sustaining a concussion than not after an exposure of 25 matches (95% CI 19 to 32). Injury risk (any injury) was 38% greater (HR 1.38; 95% CI 1.21 to 1.56) following concussion than after a non-concussive injury. Injuries to the head and neck (HR 1.34; 95% CI 1.06 to 1.70), upper limb (HR 1.59; 95% CI 1.19 to 2.12), pelvic region (HR 2.07; 95% CI 1.18 to 3.65) and the lower limb (HR 1.60; 95% CI 1.21 to 2.10) were more likely following concussion than after a non-concussive injury.ConclusionConcussion incidence increased, while severity remained unchanged, during the 4 years of this study. Playing more than 25 matches in the 2015/2016 season meant that sustaining concussion was more likely than not sustaining concussion. The 38% greater injury risk after concussive injury (compared with non-concussive injury) suggests return to play protocols warrant investigation.

Perceptions of Mental Training Needs by Elite Field Hockey Players and Their Coaches

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Robert Grove ◽  
Stephanie J. Hanrahan
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Training Needs ◽  
Mental Skills ◽  
Mental Training ◽  
Field Hockey ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Daily Contact ◽  
Scale Format

Field hockey players (n=39) assessed their own psychological strengths and weaknesses by rank-ordering various mental skills. Coaches (n=5) who had daily contact with these athletes ranked the same skills on the basis of their perception of the players’ strengths and weaknesses. Comparisons indicated that the specificity of the skills being ranked influenced the amount of agreement between the responses of players and coaches. When general categories of skills were ranked, there was very little consistency between the groups. When specific skills within the general categories were ranked, there was considerable consistency between the groups. The results are discussed in relation to the nature of the questions asked when designing mental training programs. It is suggested that consultants should take care to identify potential problems in terms of specific skills rather than general categories. By doing so, they may increase the likelihood of agreement about mental training needs and increase their effectiveness. The issue of conducting selfassessments via rating-scale and rank-order formats is also addressed. Problems that the consultant may encounter in the use of a rating-scale format are noted, and the potential advantages of a rank-order format are discussed.

Epidemiology of injuries in outdoor and indoor hockey players over one season: a prospective cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (17) ◽  
pp. 1091-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karsten Hollander ◽  
Kai Wellmann ◽  
Christine zu Eulenburg ◽  
Klaus-Michael Braumann ◽  
Astrid Junge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Field Hockey ◽  
Northern Germany ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Location Type

ObjectivesTo determine the incidence and characteristics of hockey (‘field hockey’) injuries over the course of one outdoor and indoor season. Comparisons of female versus male players, outdoor versus indoor season and match versus practice were performed.MethodsFemale and male teams of the first, second, third, regional and youth divisions were recruited among a local hockey association in Northern Germany, and followed over an indoor and an outdoor season. Exposure times and location, type, severity and cause of injuries during practice and matches were documented by the coaches or medical staff and collected weekly. Prevalence and incidence rates were calculated.ResultsOf the 232 players (mean±SD age 20.7±4.7 years, 68.1% male, 31.9% first division), 84 players (36.2%) suffered 108 new injuries during the season. The overall incidence rate was 3.7 injuries per 1000 player hours (95% CI 3.0 to 4.4). The injury incidence was lower in practice (2.7 per 1000 player practice hours, 95% CI 2.0 to 3.3) than in matches (9.7 per 1000 player match hours, 95% CI 6.8 to 12.7), and was similar for female and male players as well as during the outdoor and the indoor season. Most injuries affected the lower limb (thigh, knee and ankle) and occurred without contact (58.3%). Severe injuries (n=34; 31.5%) were predominantly located at the knee and hand/finger.ConclusionHockey players have a high prevalence and incidence of injuries, especially at the lower limb.

scholarly journals Exergaming and Static Postural Control in Individuals With a History of Lower Limb Injury

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Sims ◽  
Nicole Cosby ◽  
Ethan N. Saliba ◽  
Jay Hertel ◽  
Susan A. Saliba
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Lower Limb Injury ◽  
Wii Fit ◽  
Limb Injury ◽  
Limb Injuries ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
History Of

Context: Therapeutic exercise programs that incorporate real-time feedback have been reported to enhance outcomes in patients with lower extremity joint injuries. The Wii Fit has been purported to improve balance, strength, flexibility, and fitness. Objective: To determine the effects of Wii Fit rehabilitation on postural control and self-reported function in patients with a history of lower limb injury. Design: Single-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Setting: Laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Twenty-eight physically active participants with a history of lower limb injuries were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups (9 Wii Fit, 10 traditional, 9 control). Intervention(s): Intervention groups performed supervised rehabilitation 3 d/wk for a total of 12 sessions. Main Outcome Measure(s): Time to boundary (TTB) and the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) were conducted at baseline, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks. Self-reported function was measured at baseline and 4-week follow-up. Between-groups differences were compared using repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance. Results: With the eyes open, both intervention groups improved (P &lt; .05) in the mean and the SD of the TTB anterior-posterior minima. In the eyes-closed condition, a time main effect (P &lt; .05) for absolute TTB medial-lateral minima was observed. A time main effect was also noted in the posteromedial and posterolateral reach directions of the SEBT. When the scores for each group were pooled, improvement (P &lt; .05) in self-reported function was demonstrated at 4-week follow-up. Conclusions: Rehabilitation using the Wii Fit and traditional exercises improved static postural control in patients with a history of lower extremity injury.

scholarly journals The Effect of Proprioceptive Training on Directional Dynamic Stabilization

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
David Rhodes ◽  
Mark Leather ◽  
Daniel Birdsall ◽  
Jill Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Matched Pair ◽  
Lower Limb Injury ◽  
Overall Stability ◽  
Proprioceptive Training ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: Significant loss of playing time and the impact of treatment costs due to lower limb injury in football demonstrates a need for improved protocols for injury risk reduction. The aim of the present study is to assess the effect of a proprioceptive training program on the lower limb dynamic stability of elite footballers. Methods: A total of 16 elite premier league footballers were randomly allocated by matched pair design to a 8-week proprioception training group (group A, n = 8) or nontraining group (group B, n = 8), to determine the effect of this training over a 16-week period. Group A completed 8 weeks of bilateral proprioceptive training, 5 times per week for 10 minutes. The Biodex Stability System measures of overall stability index, anterior–posterior (A–P), and medial–lateral stability (M–L) at levels 8-6-4-1 were taken for both groups at baseline, 4, 8, and 16 weeks. Main effects of time, level of stability, and direction of stability were determined, with comparisons of effect made between the 2 groups. Results: The training group displayed significant differences for multidirectional stability at week 8 (P ≤ .05). The A–P stability within the training group displayed significant differences between baseline measures and 16 weeks (P > .05), with significant increases in scores displayed for M–L and A–P stability between weeks 8 and 16 (P ≤ .05), representing a detraining effect. No significant differences were detected at any time point for the nontraining group (P > .05). Conclusions: Proprioceptive training over 8 weeks has a positive effect on all directions of stability. Greater declines in A–P stability were evident at 16 weeks when compared with M–L and overall stability index. Consideration must be given to the increased stability scores presented pretesting for A–P when compared with M–L. Findings of this work present implications for training design.

Development and Validation of a Finite Element Lower Limb Model for Elderly Females

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Khandelwal ◽  
Anil Kalra ◽  
Binhui Jiang ◽  
Anand Hammad ◽  
Xin Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Lower Limb Injury ◽  
Crash Dummies ◽  
Development And Validation

Physical surrogates and numerical models have been used to investigate the lower limb injury responses in blunt trauma related to occupant and pedestrian impacts during crash events. To date, automotive crash dummies used for studying the lower limb kinematics and injury responses in car crashes are designed to represent mid-age adults. But due to increase in fragility and frailty with age, the injury risk of the lower limb of elderly females is greater compared to younger adults. Thus, safety designs should expand for protecting elderly females in lower limb impacts. The current study focuses on developing a lower limb finite element model for elderly females with accurate anthropometry and anatomical details. The model was further validated against segmental and whole-body level experimental data of lower limb impact during pedestrian, frontal, and side impact loading. The validated model will be further integrated into the whole-body model to study injury mechanisms and safety designs for this vulnerable population of elderly females.

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