scholarly journals Can foot angle influence the risk of injury to the lower limb joints during a field hockey hit?

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e000568
Author(s):  
Frances E Feeley ◽  
Graham P Arnold ◽  
Sadiq Nasir ◽  
Weijie W Wang ◽  
Rami Abboud
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Knee Injury ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Field Hockey ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Lateral Ankle ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Foot Position

ObjectivesThe lower limb is widely reported as the most commonly injured body part in the field of hockey, more specifically lateral ankle sprains and internal knee injury. Despite this, there remains limited understanding of how the biomechanics of the sport could be adapted to minimise injury. The aim of this study was to propose a foot position during the hockey hit that results in the smallest joint angles and moments, from a total of four different foot positions: 0°, 30°, 60° and 90°, which may correlate to injury risk.MethodEighteen players from the local University Ladies Hockey Club participated in this study. Each player was required to perform a hit with their lead foot in four different positions: 0°, 30°, 60° and 90°, where 0° was a lead foot position perpendicular to the direction of motion of the ball. Angles and moments were calculated with the Vicon system using force plates and motion analysis.ResultsSignificant differences (p<0.05) were found between the angles and moments of the four foot positions tested, indicating that foot angle can influence the degree of angulation, and moments, produced in the lower limb joints during the hockey hit.ConclusionThere is a relationship between lead foot position and the angles and moments produced in the lower limb joints during the hockey hit, and this may correlate with injury risk.

scholarly journals Game Exposure, Player Characteristics, and Neuromuscular Performance Influence Injury Risk in Professional and Youth Field Hockey Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 232596712199516
Author(s):  
Joel Mason ◽  
Kai Wellmann ◽  
Andreas Groll ◽  
Klaus-Michael Braumann ◽  
Astrid Junge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Field Hockey ◽  
Lower Limb Injury ◽  
Neuromuscular Performance ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Hockey Players

Background: Identifying factors that contribute to the occurrence of injury is an important step in designing training programs to minimize the risk of injury. However, despite high injury rates, variables contributing to injury in field hockey players remain relatively unexplored. Purpose: To identify factors that may predict injury in professional and youth field hockey players. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Method: Professional and youth hockey players completed preseason neuromuscular performance testing and were monitored for injuries, training, and game exposure throughout the subsequent 12-month indoor and outdoor hockey season. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis was conducted to identify injury risk factors. Receiver operating characteristic curves were then calculated to determine the individual predictive accuracy of the identified variables. Results: A total of 83 players (mean ± SD age, 20.7 ± 4.9 years; 34.9% female) with complete performance, injury, and exposure data were included for data analysis. Almost half of players (44.6%) sustained a time-loss injury during the season, and 73% of these injuries occurred in the lower limb. Playing more games and having an older age, asymmetrical and poor dynamic postural control, and better explosive performance were identified as jointly influencing the risk of injury. When considered individually, number of games played throughout the season was the most accurate predictor of injury risk (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.74; P < .001), while asymmetrical and poor dynamic postural control (AUCs = 0.61-0.65; P = .01-.04) and better explosive athletic performance (AUCs = 0.65-0.67; P < .01) were identified as moderate individual predictors of sustaining a general or lower limb injury. Conclusion: A number of modifiable factors were individually and jointly associated with an increased injury risk in field hockey players, providing initial evidence for the design of targeted and sport-specific training programs to mitigate the risk of injury.

scholarly journals On average, a professional rugby union player is more likely than not to sustain a concussion after 25 matches

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (15) ◽  
pp. 969-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Rafferty ◽  
Craig Ranson ◽  
Giles Oatley ◽  
Mohamed Mostafa ◽  
Prabhat Mathema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Concussive Injury ◽  
Over Time

ObjectivesTo investigate concussion injury rates, the likelihood of sustaining concussion relative to the number of rugby union matches and the risk of subsequent injury following concussion.MethodsA four-season (2012/2013–2015/2016) prospective cohort study of injuries in professional level (club and international) rugby union. Incidence (injuries/1000 player-match-hours), severity (days lost per injury) and number of professional matches conferring a large risk of concussion were determined. The risk of injury following concussion was assessed using a survival model.ResultsConcussion incidence increased from 7.9 (95% CI 5.1 to 11.7) to 21.5 injuries/1000 player-match-hours (95% CI 16.4 to 27.6) over the four seasons for combined club and international rugby union. Concussion severity was unchanged over time (median: 9 days). Players were at a greater risk of sustaining a concussion than not after an exposure of 25 matches (95% CI 19 to 32). Injury risk (any injury) was 38% greater (HR 1.38; 95% CI 1.21 to 1.56) following concussion than after a non-concussive injury. Injuries to the head and neck (HR 1.34; 95% CI 1.06 to 1.70), upper limb (HR 1.59; 95% CI 1.19 to 2.12), pelvic region (HR 2.07; 95% CI 1.18 to 3.65) and the lower limb (HR 1.60; 95% CI 1.21 to 2.10) were more likely following concussion than after a non-concussive injury.ConclusionConcussion incidence increased, while severity remained unchanged, during the 4 years of this study. Playing more than 25 matches in the 2015/2016 season meant that sustaining concussion was more likely than not sustaining concussion. The 38% greater injury risk after concussive injury (compared with non-concussive injury) suggests return to play protocols warrant investigation.

Toe-in Landing Increases the Ankle Inversion Angle and Moment During Single-Leg Landing: Implications in the Prevention of Lateral Ankle Sprains

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 530-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuta Koshino ◽  
Tomoya Ishida ◽  
Masanori Yamanaka ◽  
Mina Samukawa ◽  
Takumi Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Transverse Plane ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Lateral Ankle ◽  
Ankle Inversion ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
Foot Position

Context:Identifying the foot positions that are vulnerable to lateral ankle sprains is important for injury prevention. The effects of foot position in the transverse plane on ankle biomechanics during landing are unknown.Objective:To examine the effects of toe-in or toe-out positioning on ankle inversion motion and moment during single-leg landing.Design:Repeated measures.Setting:Motion analysis laboratory.Participants:18 healthy participants (9 men and 9 women).Interventions:Participants performed single-leg landing trials from a 30-cm high box under 3 conditions: natural landing, foot internally rotated (toe-in), and foot externally rotated (toe-out).Main Outcome Measures:4 toe-in or toe-out angles were calculated against 4 reference coordinates (laboratory, pelvis, thigh, and shank) in the transverse plane. Ankle inversion angle, angular velocity, and external moment in the 200 ms after initial foot-to-ground contact were compared between the 3 landing conditions.Results:All toe-in or toe-out angles other than those calculated against the shank were significantly different between each of the 3 landing conditions (P < .001). Ankle inversion angle, angular velocity, and moment were highest during toe-in landings (P < .01), while eversion angle and moment were highest during toe-out landings (P < .001). The effect sizes of these differences were large. Vertical ground reaction forces were not different between the 3 landing conditions (P = .290).Conclusions:Toe-in or toe-out positioning during single-leg landings impacts on ankle inversion and eversion motion and moment. Athletes could train not to land with the toe-in positioning to prevent lateral ankle sprains.

scholarly journals Joint Angle, Range of Motion, Force, and Moment Assessment: Responses of the Lower Limb to Ankle Plantarflexion and Dorsiflexion

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Ukadike Chris Ugbolue ◽  
Chloe Robson ◽  
Emma Donald ◽  
Kerry L. Speirs ◽  
Frédéric Dutheil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Joint Angle ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Biomechanical Assessment ◽  
Lower Limb Exercise ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Foot Position

There is limited research on the biomechanical assessment of the lower limb joints in relation to dynamic movements that occur at the hip, knee, and ankle joints when performing dorsiflexion (DF) and plantarflexion (PF) among males and females. This study investigated the differences in joint angles (including range of motion (ROM)) and forces (including moments) between the left and right limbs at the ankle, knee, and hip joints during dynamic DF and PF movements in both males and females. Using a general linear model employing multivariate analysis in relation to the joint angle, ROM, force, and moment datasets, the results revealed significant main effects for gender, sidedness, phases, and foot position with respect to joint angles. Weak correlations were observed between measured biomechanical variables. These results provide insightful information for clinicians and biomechanists that relate to lower limb exercise interventions and modelling efficacy standpoints.

scholarly journals Barefoot running: Between fashion and real way to prevent joint osteo lesions?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-194
Author(s):  
Manon Carpentier ◽  
Sara Perpiñá Martínez ◽  
Alain De Man ◽  
Charalampos Pierrakos ◽  
Stefaan Isenborgh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cycle Length ◽  
Knee Injury ◽  
Small Variation ◽  
Flexion Angle ◽  
Knee Angle ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Barefoot Running ◽  
Shoe Industry ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractBackground and objectivesRunning has gone from a vital necessity for the man to a playful sport. Different rheumatic and orthopedic pathologies have appeared, in front of which the shoe industry has reacted by creating reinforced shoes that are supposed to overcome the induced lesions. Several years later, the trend toward reinforcement has gone toward minimalism, which is the absence of reinforcement, that is, a more natural race.MethodWe observed variations of kinetics and kinematics in young, unprofessional, healthy runners during a shoe race and a shoeless race, which is the form of maximum minimalism. We then correlated minimalism variations with the variables of the race and the joint angles.ResultsWe observed significant difference (P < 0.01) in the cycle rate, the cycle length, the step rate, and the angle of attack between running with and without shoes. A small variation of the minimalism index is associated with an increase in knee angle (r2> 0.5). Conversely, a large variation in the minimalism index is related to a decrease in the knee angle (r2> 0.5). The minimalism index has no impact on the angulation of the ankle and hip (r2< 0.3).ConclusionSlow transition will bring gains in terms of decreasing the length of the stride, which limits the load on the shin. Greater flexibility can be achieved by decreasing the flexion angle of the knee, which decreases the demand for quadriceps muscles and the risk of knee injury with a greater risk of injury at the tibial level.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Lateral Ankle Sprains and Chronic Ankle Instability

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 611-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eamonn Delahunt ◽  
Alexandria Remus
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Ankle Instability ◽  
Chronic Ankle Instability ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Lateral Ankle ◽  
External Risk ◽  
Injury Causation

Lateral ankle sprains (LASs) are a common injury sustained by individuals who participate in recreational physical activities and sports. After an LAS, a large proportion of individuals develop long-term symptoms, which contribute to the development of chronic ankle instability (CAI). Due to the prevalence of LASs and the propensity to develop CAI, collective efforts toward reducing the risk of sustaining these injuries should be a priority of the sports medicine and sports physiotherapy communities. The comprehensive injury-causation model was developed to illustrate the interaction of internal and external risk factors in the occurrence of the inciting injury. The ability to mitigate injury risk is contingent on a comprehensive understanding of risk factors for injury. The objective of this current concepts review is to use the comprehensive injury-causation model as a framework to illustrate the risk factors for LAS and CAI based on the literature.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Dynamic Balance and Jumping Tests among Adolescent Amateur Rugby Players. A Preliminary Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Bartosz Wilczyński ◽  
Jakub Hinca ◽  
Daniel Ślęzak ◽  
Katarzyna Zorena
Keyword(s):  
Injury Risk ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Counter Movement Jump ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rugby Players

Rugby is a demanding contact sport. In light of research, poor balance, reduced jumping ability, muscle strength, and incorrect landing patterns might contribute to the increased risk of injury in athletes. Investigating the relationship between tests assessing these abilities might not only allow for the skillful programming of preventive training but also helps in assessing the risk of injury to athletes. Thus, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between dynamic balance, vertical and horizontal jumps, and jump-landings movement patterns. Thirty-one healthy amateur adolescent rugby players (age: 14.3 ± 1.6 years, height 171.4 ± 9.7 cm, body mass 80 ± 26 kg) participated in the study. Data were collected by the Y-balance Test (YBT), Counter Movement Jump (CMJ), Single Leg Hop for Distance (SLHD), and Landing Error Score System (LESS). Significant positive correlations were found between SLHD both legs (SLHDb) and YBT Composite both legs (COMb) (r = 0.51, p = 0.0037) and between SLHDb and CMJ (r = 0.72, p < 0.0001). A relationship was also observed between the CMJ and YBT COMb test (r = 0.51, p = 0.006). Moderate positive correlations were found between the dominant legs in SLHD and the posterolateral (r = 0.40, p = 0.027), posteromedial (r = 0.43, p = 0.014), and composite (r = 0.48, p = 0.006) directions of the YBT. These results indicate that variables that are dependent on each other can support in the assessment of injury-risk and in enhancing sports performance of young athletes.

scholarly journals Predictive Factors of Recovery after an Acute Lateral Ankle Sprain: A Longitudinal Study

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Philippe Terrier ◽  
Sébastien Piotton ◽  
Ilona M. Punt ◽  
Jean-Luc Ziltener ◽  
Lara Allet
Keyword(s):  
Ankle Sprain ◽  
Strength Function ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Lateral Ankle Sprain ◽  
Lateral Ankle ◽  
Functional Scores ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Measures

A prominent feature of ankle sprains is their variable clinical course. The difficulty of providing a reliable early prognosis may be responsible for the substantial rate of poor outcomes after an ankle sprain. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prognostic value of objective clinical measures, pain, and functional scores for ankle sprain recovery. Fifty-two participants suffering from lateral ankle sprain were included. Sprain status was assessed four weeks following injury and included evaluations of ankle range of motion, strength, function, and pain. Seven months following injury, a second assessment classified the patients into recovered and non-recovered groups using ankle ability measures. Following a predictor pre-selection procedure, logistic regressions evaluated the association between the four-week predictors and the seven-month recovery status. Twenty-seven participants (52%) fully recovered and 25 did not (48%). The results of the logistic regressions showed that walking pain was negatively associated with the probability of recovering at seven months (odds ratio: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.53–0.95). Pain four weeks after ankle sprain had relevant predictive value for long-term recovery. Special attention should be paid to patients reporting persistent pain while walking four weeks following sprain to reduce the risk of chronicity.

scholarly journals Effects of Mulligan Mobilization with Movement in Subacute Lateral Ankle Sprains: A Pragmatic Randomized Trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Anh Phong Nguyen ◽  
Laurent Pitance ◽  
Philippe Mahaudens ◽  
Christine Detrembleur ◽  
Yuval David ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Lateral Ankle
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