scholarly journals Wicked Overseers

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin F. Steinmetz ◽  
Brian P. Schaefer ◽  
Howard Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Racial Inequality ◽  
War On Drugs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Race And Class ◽  
Urban Ghetto ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Racial Ethnic

In recent times, several tragic events have brought attention to the relationship between policing and racial/ethnic minorities in the United States. Scholars, activists, and pundits have clamored to explain tensions that have arisen from these police-related deaths. The authors contribute to the discussion by asserting that contemporary policing in America, and its relationship to racial inequality, is only the latest chapter in a broader historical narrative in which the police constitute the front line of a race- and class-stratified social order. In other words, contemporary criminal justice and race struggles are a legacy of colonialism. This essay begins with a brief overview of colonialism before turning toward dissecting the contemporary colonial character of policing African American urban ghetto communities in four parts. First, the emergence of ghettos as internal colonies is described. Second, mechanisms are given that propelled the mass entry of police into ghetto spaces, with particular attention given to the war on drugs, broken-windows and order-maintenance policing, and police militarization. Third, the authors explore how contemporary policing acts to manage the colonized through police stops, searches, and other practices. Finally, the relationship between American policing practices and cultural denigration of African Americans is described.

scholarly journals “The Atlas of Our Skin and Bone and Blood”: Disability, Ablenationalism, and the War on Drugs

Genealogy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Andrea Pitts
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Final Section ◽  
War On Drugs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gloria Anzaldua ◽  
Immigration Reform ◽  
North Central ◽  
Racial Capitalism ◽  
Border Zones ◽  
The Relationship

This paper explores the relationship between disability and the aspirational health of the civic body through an analysis of the criminalization of immigration and the war on drugs. In particular, this paper utilizes tools from transnational disability studies to examine the formation and maintenance of a form of ablenationalism operating within immigration reform and drug-related policies. Specifically, the militarization of border zones, as well as the vast austerity measures impacting people across North, Central, and South America have shaped notions of public health, safety, and security according to racial, gendered, and settler logics of futurity. The final section of the paper turns to three authors who have been situated in various ways on the margins of the United States, Gloria Anzaldúa (the Mexico-U.S. border), Aurora Levins Morales (Puerto Rico), and Margo Tamez (Lipan Apache). As such, this article analyzes the liberatory, affective, and future-oriented dimensions of disabled life and experience to chart possibilities for resistance to the converging momentum of carceral settler states, transnational healthcare networks, and racial capitalism.

scholarly journals The Relationships Between Perceptions Of Supervisor, Trust In Supervisor And Job Performance: A Study In The Banking Industry

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betty J. Birkenmeier ◽  
Pierre-Yves Sanséau
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
The United States ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Customer Contact ◽  
Immediate Supervisor ◽  
Customer Service Representatives ◽  
Regional Banks ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Supervisor Trust

<p>The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the perceptions a front line employee has of their immediate supervisor, the trust the front line employee has in this supervisor, and an employee’s job performance. Data were collected from 457 employees holding customer contact positions at community and regional banks located in several states in the southern part of the United States. The findings of the study indicate that there is strong correlation between the perceptions an employee has of their supervisor and the trust the employee has in their supervisor for Customer Service Representatives.  Furthermore, it was found that there was, at best, a weak correlation between perceptions of supervisor and job performance.</p>

Mexican Nationalism

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Rubenstein ◽  
Kevin Chrisman
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
Mexican Revolution ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Cultural Resistance ◽  
Mexican Nationalism ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Radical Shift

Mexican nationalist thought, as articulated by Mexico’s most powerful politicians, scholars, and writers, was never intended to describe the nation as it was or as it is. Instead, it has always expressed aspirations: it has contained multiple and often-conflicting visions of the nation as it could be, should be, or might have been. Such nationalist thinking has followed two broad tracks. One is historical. It argues that the Mexican national character—lo mexicano, mexicanidad, the essence of what it is to be Mexican—was formed through the experience of a national history that was a series of painful and unfair losses overcome by heroism and persistence. This historical narrative begins with the conquest, culminates in the loss of almost half the national territory to the United States in 1848, and is brought to a happy conclusion by the Mexican Revolution. The other track that Mexican nationalist thought has followed has to do with race. Intellectuals and politicians have changed their conceptions of the relationship between Mexico’s indigenous people and other Mexicans over the years, with the most radical shift taking place in the transition from the Porfiriato to the Revolutionary government. But across the modern era in Mexico, the presence of indigenous people, the influence of indigenous cultures, and the memory of indigenous civilizations have shaped how Mexicans understand themselves and their nation. Both of these narratives have changed over time, being rewritten and reconstructed to serve the needs of a national state that was almost constantly in the process of remaking itself from independence through the first half of the 20th century. Both of these nationalist narratives, moreover, have been subject to intense scrutiny from revisionist historians, feminists, indigenous people, and other critics since at least the mid-1960s. Neither of these nationalist narratives has ever been fully accepted by the majority of Mexicans: alternative narratives emerged from—among others—peasant and indigenous communities, urban underclasses, and Catholic groups, and these narratives gave strength and shape to multiple forms of political and cultural resistance. Nonetheless, these twin discourses of Mexican nationalism persist in Mexico because they are embedded in so many aspects of daily life: textbooks, public policies, classic films, monuments, maps, and cookbooks.

scholarly journals Differences in Obesity Among Men of Diverse Racial and Ethnic Background

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 984-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Hill ◽  
Caryn Bell ◽  
Janice V. Bowie ◽  
Elizabeth Kelley ◽  
Debra Furr-Holden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Hispanic Men ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Racial/ethnic disparities exist in obesity prevalence among men, with Hispanic men exhibiting the highest prevalence compared with non-Hispanic White and non-Hispanic Black men. Most studies do not parse out Hispanic groups; therefore, it is unclear whether the increases in obesity rates among Hispanic men applies to all groups or if there are particular groups of Hispanic men that are driving the increase. The goal of this study is to examine the variations in obesity among men of diverse racial/ethnic backgrounds and determine if obesity is affected by nativity. The data used in this study were from 11 years (2002-2012) of the National Health Interview Survey. Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between race/ethnicity, obesity, and nativity. After adjusting for covariates, there are differences in obesity prevalence, with the largest prevalence among Puerto Rican men and Mexican American men. Consistent with previous literature, it has been suggested that men born in the United States are more likely to be obese than men born outside the United States. This study underscores the importance of distinguishing Hispanic groups when examining obesity, and provides information for future, targeted intervention strategies related to obesity among high-risk groups.

Deplorable or Disposable? The Carceral State and ‘Breaking Bad’ in Rural America

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-132
Author(s):  
Marie Gottschalk
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
War On Drugs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Carceral State ◽  
Breaking Bad ◽  
The Us ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Racial Ethnic

This chapter examines the limitations of viewing the US carceral state primarily through a racial disparities lens centred on differences in incarceration rates between whites and blacks. It surveys important shifts since the 1970s in who is being incarcerated in the United States, including racial, ethnic, gender, and geographic shifts, most notably between urban and rural areas. It deploys three common frameworks used to help explain the rise of mass incarceration and the hyper-incarceration of African Americans—the culture of control, the culture of poverty, and the war on drugs—to analyse the deepening penetration of the carceral state outside of major urban areas and to examine the opioid crisis.

How the Portuguese Became White

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christen T. Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Race And Class ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Politics Of Race ◽  
Settler Society ◽  
The Relationship

The push for inclusion into the United States forced leaders of the Hawaiian “Republic,” and the American populace to face questions regarding the relationship between race, nation, and citizenship. This chapter questions why men such as Sanford Dole and Lorrin Thurston, two leaders of the provisional government of Hawai`i (1893-1894) and Hawaiian Republic (1894-1898), used all means necessary in order to change the racial classification of Portuguese labor in the islands to “white,” during the last years of the nineteenth century. By analyzing their attempt to create a white settler society in Hawai`i through their redefinition and recruitment of Portuguese labor, this chapter examines how evolving politics of race and class shape, and were shaped by, processes of late nineteenth century U.S. colonialism in the Pacific.

Mothers’ and Childrens’ Health Self-Rating: A Comparative Study Within and Across Various Ethnic Groups

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-541
Author(s):  
Kelly Kato ◽  
Sharon Bzostek
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Children's Health ◽  
Children’S Health ◽  
Mexican Origin ◽  
Latina Mothers ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Hispanic White

Despite Latino adults’ health advantages in the United States, they tend to have worse self-rated health (SRH) than non-Hispanic Whites. This finding extends to Latina mothers’ ratings of their children’s health, but it is unknown whether Latino children also have worse SRH than Whites. We investigate this question, as well as variations in mother-child agreement in rating the child’s health by ethnicity, and the role of mothers’ acculturation in these associations. Using survey data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, we find that Mexican-origin children’s SRH is worse than non-Hispanic White children’s SRH, but Mexican-origin children’s SRH is also often better than their mothers’ ratings of the children’s health. Maternal acculturation explains some of the relationship between Mexican-origin and child SRH, with particular facets of the acculturation experience operating in different directions. We discuss the implications of these findings for understandings of racial/ethnic disparities in health, particularly among children.

Life at the Margins: Marginality and Race in Undergraduate Students and Faculty

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 415-422
Author(s):  
Heather Englund ◽  
Jennifer Basler
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Minority Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nursing Profession ◽  
Minority Status ◽  
Nurse Faculty ◽  
Minority Nursing Students ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Racial Ethnic

The United States has become increasingly diverse, but this same rise in diversity is not reflected in the nursing profession. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between marginality and minority status for nursing students in two states with very different racial/ethnic minority profiles. Marginality was measured using the Koci Marginality Index. When comparing students by geographical region, there were statistically significant differences between the two groups with regard to the marginality subconcepts of intermediacy, differentiation, power, secrecy, voice, liminality, and reflectiveness. Data were also collected from nurse faculty at each of the universities in Texas and Wisconsin. Findings suggest that there are significant differences between the two faculty samples with regard to advising, tutoring, and mentoring activities, as well as referral of minority students to campus resources. Marginalization is a complicated, deeply entrenched issue that continues to significantly impact minority nursing students across the nation.

scholarly journals The relationship between narrative construction and identity in History Education: implications for teaching and learning

2016 ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terrie Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
The United States ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
History Teaching ◽  
Racial Identities ◽  
Learning History ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Abstract The purpose of the research is less about producing little historians and more about taking into account students' cultures or identities in the teaching and learning of historical narratives. In my work, I have examined the national historical narratives that children and adolescents in the United States have constructed in order to assess the effects of young people's racial/ethnic identities on their understandings of the past. I have found that young people's racial identities had a significant impact on their interpretations of the U. S. history and that their teachers' instruction had some but not much impact on their views. Researchers within and beyond the U. S. have found similar results, attesting to the significance of "identity" (a person's sense of self and the communities s/he affiliates with, including nationality, gender, ethnicity, religious orientation, etc.) in the construction and/or critique of historical narratives. In the following pages, I review and synthesize the studies that I and others have conducted on the effects of identity on history teaching and learning, and conclude with a discussion of the implications for teaching and learning history in diverse democratic societies.

scholarly journals Building Purposeful Superintendent and School Board Relationships Through Examining the Historical Narrative of Evolving Roles

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin L. Henrikson
Keyword(s):  
School Board ◽  
The United States ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Relational Factors ◽  
The Many ◽  
School Board Member ◽  
Successful School ◽  
Changing Role ◽  
The Relationship

The author presents a summary of the changing role of the traditional superintendent within the United States through the lens of how this work can be challenged or encouraged by the relationship with her or his respective board. The author emphasizes how the evolving roles of both the superintendent and school board member have contributed to the lack of clarity around their respective responsibilities that has influenced relational factors between these two groups. The importance of building, nurturing and sustaining relationships between the superintendent and school board in order to be proactive and prepared to encounter the many issues that school districts face daily is integral to this conversation. School boards and superintendents must understand how to collaborate beyond simply abiding by their delegated role at the time to flourish and support a successful school district.

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