scholarly journals Effect of Frenotomy on Maternal Breastfeeding Symptoms and the Relationship Between Maternal Symptoms and Problematic Infant Feeding

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2110728
Author(s):  
Rebecca R. Hill ◽  
Karen S. Lyons ◽  
Susan Kelly-Weeder ◽  
Britt F. Pados
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Feeding Problems ◽  
Feeding Difficulties ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Dental Office ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between maternal symptoms and problematic infant feeding in the context of tongue-tie is unknown. In a sample of infants with tongue-tie undergoing frenotomy and their mothers, the aims of this study were to: (1) describe changes in maternal symptoms pre- and post-frenotomy, and (2) evaluate the relationships between maternal symptoms and symptoms of problematic feeding pre- and post-frenotomy. Mother-infant dyads were recruited from 1 pediatric dental office between July and November 2020. The sample included 102 mother-infant dyads; 84 completed the follow-up survey. Maternal symptoms of painful and difficult latch, creased/cracked nipples, bleeding, or abraded nipples, chewing of the nipple, and feelings of depression were significantly less common after tongue-tie revision. Poor latch onto the breast was associated with feeding difficulties at both time points. Frenotomy resulted in a decrease of symptoms in breastfeeding mothers. Maternal symptoms and feeding problems persisting post-frenotomy warrant further evaluation.

Innominate Artery Compression of the Trachea in Infants

1994 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 347-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwight T. Jones ◽  
Richard A. Jonas ◽  
Gerald B. Healy
Keyword(s):  
Innominate Artery ◽  
Respiratory Arrest ◽  
Feeding Problems ◽  
Tracheal Compression ◽  
Feeding Difficulties ◽  
The Past ◽  
Proper Patient Selection ◽  
Follow Up Care ◽  
Before And After

Innominate artery compression of the trachea in infants can cause severe biphasic stridor, cyanosis, and respiratory arrest. These episodes are sometimes referred to as “dying spells.” In the past, aortopexy has been used for the treatment of this problem, but since many have questioned its success, its use has not been popularized or generally accepted. Over the past 4 years, 12 children have been successfully treated for innominate artery compression of the trachea with aortopexy. These children all initially presented with significant respiratory and/or feeding difficulties. Preoperative and postoperative videos were obtained to document the degree of tracheal compression and/or lumen size before and after surgery. Since treatment, all patients have been without further feeding problems or cyanosis. When performed in selected patients, aortopexy is successful in relieving tracheal obstruction from innominate artery compression. This article discusses proper patient selection, operative technique, and follow-up care. The management of compression in patients with less severe symptoms will also be addressed.

Examining Association Between Reported High Cholesterol and Risk Factors in Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD): A Five-Year Follow-Up

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-122
Author(s):  
Sumithra Murthy ◽  
Kelly Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Mediating Effects ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are at a greater risk of developing high cholesterol and cardiovascular disease. We examined whether physical inactivity, obesity, and diabetes were predictive of reported high cholesterol and whether there were any mediating effects of diabetes on the relationship between obesity and high cholesterol in 1,618 adults with IDD across five years. Results suggest that obesity and diabetes were significantly associated with high cholesterol after adjusting for age, sex, and residence type with a partial mediator effect of diabetes in the relationship between obesity and high cholesterol across all time points. Further research is needed to explore the causal mechanisms behind the relationships between obesity, diabetes, and high cholesterol.

scholarly journals Exploring the relationship between microdosing, personality and emotional insight: A prospective study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah M. Dressler ◽  
Stephen J. Bright ◽  
Vince Polito
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Emotional Awareness ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Psychedelic Drugs ◽  
Lifetime Number ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBackround and aimsHaving entered the recent public and research zeitgeist, microdosing involves consuming sub-perceptual doses of psychedelic drugs, allegedly to enhance performance, creativity, and wellbeing. The results of research to date have been mixed. Whereas most studies have reported positive impacts of microdosing, some microdosers have also reported adverse effects. In addition, research to date has revealed inconsistent patterns of change in personality traits. This prospective study explored the relationship between microdosing, personality change, and emotional awareness.MethodsMeasures of personality and alexithymia were collected at two time points. 76 microdosers participated at baseline. Invitations to a follow-up survey were sent out after 31 days, and 24 participants were retained.ResultsConscientiousness increased, while neuroticism decreased across these time points (n = 24). At baseline (N = 76), neuroticism was associated with alexithymia. In addition, neuroticism correlated negatively with duration of prior microdosing experience, and extraversion correlated positively with both duration of prior microdosing experience and lifetime number of microdoses.ConclusionThese results suggest that microdosing might have an impact on otherwise stable personality traits.

Efficacy of Feeding Team Recommendations for Infants/Children Presenting With Signs of Milk Allergy

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 365-370
Author(s):  
Janice Baunach ◽  
Jennifer Malpass ◽  
Zeenat Q. Malik ◽  
Greg Cable
Keyword(s):  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Milk Allergy ◽  
Feeding Problems ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Feeding Difficulties ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Professional Guidance ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Caregivers have reported feeding difficulties in approximately 25% to 40% of infants/toddlers that comprise a variety of signs/symptoms, though many of these are transient and resolve without significant medical intervention. Feeding problems, however, have been reported to persist in 3% to 10% of children, resulting in the caregivers seeking professional guidance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of feeding team recommendations for infants and young children presenting with signs of milk allergies. Retrospective chart reviews were conducted, with associated follow-up phone surveys. Study participants met criteria based on presenting symptoms of possible milk allergy and received recommendations of milk-free diet and/or allergy testing. A total of 85 medical records were reviewed. Of the 85, 53% (45/85) met inclusion criteria for review; however, only 46% (39/85) were available for follow-up. Of the 39 patients available for follow-up, a milk-free diet was recommended for 67% (26/39), and 69% (18/26) of these families followed through with the recommendations. Of those 18 patients who followed the recommendations, 83% (15/18) reported improvement of symptoms. Our data suggest that recommendations resulting from comprehensive feeding team evaluations of infants and children with suspected milk protein allergies can, when followed, result in improvement of patient symptoms.

Treatment for Younger Siblings of Participants in a Home-Based Intensive Paediatric Feeding Programme in Australia

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 206-218
Author(s):  
Tessa Taylor ◽  
Alayna Haberlin
Keyword(s):  
Food Groups ◽  
Feeding Problems ◽  
Feeding Difficulties ◽  
Procedural Integrity ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Actual Plate ◽  
Differential Attention ◽  
Reversal Design

AbstractEarly childhood feeding problems can be challenging. Children who limit their food consumption may significantly impact multiple critical areas of development. Effective treatment should be accessed as early as possible but has been limited to a handful of US hospital programmes. Feeding problems affect both children with and without disability, and families may struggle with multiple children having feeding difficulties. We provided short-term (less than 2 weeks), in-home, intensive, behaviour-analytic feeding intervention to two children with typical development who were younger siblings of children already in the programme. We used a withdrawal/reversal design to assess the effects of nonremoval of the spoon, re-presentation, contingent and noncontingent access to tangibles, differential attention, and response cost. This multi-component intervention was effective in increasing the consumption of a wide variety of foods at regular texture and self-feeding for both participants. Variety was increased to over 60 foods from all food groups. Admission goals were met (100%). We trained caregivers to high procedural integrity and generalised the protocol. We provided actual plate picture examples of family meals consumed where the brothers and parents ate the same meal. Caregiver satisfaction and social acceptability were high. Gains were maintained at 3-year follow-up where parents reported problems were fully resolved.

Relationship between Thyroglobulin and Tumor Detectabilily with Thallium-201 in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

2000 ◽  
Vol 39 (01) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Müller ◽  
Ch. Reiners ◽  
A. Bockisch ◽  
Katja Brandt-Mainz
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Tsh Suppression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Test Specificity ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Tumor Scintigraphy ◽  
Tsh Stimulation

Summary Aim: Tumor scintigraphy with 201-TICI is an established diagnostic method in the follow-up of differentiated thyroid cancer. We investigated the relationship between thyroglobulin (Tg) level and tumor detectability. Subject and methods: We analyzed the scans of 122 patients (66 patients with proven tumor). The patient population was divided into groups with Tg above (N = 33) and below (N = 33) 5 ng/ml under TSH suppression or above (N = 33) and below (N = 33) 50 ng/ml under TSH stimulation. Tumor detectability was compared by ROC-analysis (True-Positive-Fraction test, specificity 90%). Results: There was no significant difference (sensitivity 75% versus 64%; p = 0.55) for patients above and below 5 ng/ml under TSH suppression and a just significant difference (sensitivity 80% versus 58%; p = 0.04) for patients above and below 50 ng/ml under TSH stimulation. In 18 patients from our sample with tumor, Tg under TSH suppression was negative, but 201-TICI-scan was able to detect tumor in 12 patients. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate only a moderate dependence of tumor detectability on Tg level, probably without significant clinical relevance. Even in patients with slight Tg elevation 201-TICI scintigraphy is justified.

A Decade of Disparities in Diabetes Technology Use and HbA1c in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes: A Trans-Atlantic Comparison

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananta Addala ◽  
Marie Auzanneau ◽  
Kellee Miller ◽  
Werner Maier ◽  
Nicole Foster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Diabetes Technology ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes

<b>Objective:</b> As diabetes technology use in youth increases worldwide, inequalities in access may exacerbate disparities in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). We hypothesized an increasing gap in diabetes technology use by socioeconomic status (SES) would be associated with increased HbA1c disparities. <p> </p> <p><b>Research Design and Methods: </b>Participants aged <18 years with diabetes duration ≥1 year in the Type 1 Diabetes Exchange (T1DX, US, n=16,457) and Diabetes Prospective Follow-up (DPV, Germany, n=39,836) registries were categorized into lowest (Q1) to highest (Q5) SES quintiles. Multiple regression analyses compared the relationship of SES quintiles with diabetes technology use and HbA1c from 2010-2012 and 2016-2018. </p> <p> </p> <p><b>Results: </b>HbA1c was higher in participants with lower SES (in 2010-2012 & 2016-2018, respectively: 8.0% & 7.8% in Q1 and 7.6% & 7.5% in Q5 for DPV; and 9.0% & 9.3% in Q1 and 7.8% & 8.0% in Q5 for T1DX). For DPV, the association between SES and HbA1c did not change between the two time periods, whereas for T1DX, disparities in HbA1c by SES increased significantly (p<0.001). After adjusting for technology use, results for DPV did not change whereas the increase in T1DX was no longer significant.</p> <p> </p> <p><b>Conclusions: </b>Although causal conclusions cannot be drawn, diabetes technology use is lowest and HbA1c is highest in those of the lowest SES quintile in the T1DX and this difference for HbA1c broadened in the last decade. Associations of SES with technology use and HbA1c were weaker in the DPV registry. </p>

External Investigators' Follow-Up Intentions When Whistleblowers Report Healthcare Fraud: The Effects of Report Anonymity and Previous Confrontation

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-101
Author(s):  
Steven E. Kaplan ◽  
Danny Lanier ◽  
Kelly R. Pope ◽  
Janet A. Samuels
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Medical Provider ◽  
Perceived Credibility ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Critical Investigation

ABSTRACT Whistleblowing reports, if properly investigated, facilitate the early detection of fraud. Although critical, investigation-related decisions represent a relatively underexplored component of the whistleblowing process. Investigators are responsible for initially deciding whether to follow-up on reports alleging fraud. We report the results of an experimental study examining the follow-up intentions of highly experienced healthcare investigators. Participants, in the role of an insurance investigator, are asked to review a whistleblowing report alleging billing fraud occurring at a medical provider. Thus, participants are serving as external investigators. In a between-participant design, we manipulate the report type and whether the caller previously confronted the wrongdoer. We find that compared to an anonymous report, a non-anonymous report is perceived as more credible and follow-up intentions stronger. We also find that perceived credibility fully mediates the relationship between report type and follow-up intentions. Previous confrontation is not significantly associated with either perceived credibility or follow-up intentions. Data Availability: Data are available upon request.

Characteristics of Different Types of Childhood Violence and the Risk of Revictimization

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
pp. 1696-1716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida Frugaard Stroem ◽  
Helene Flood Aakvaag ◽  
Tore Wentzel-Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Telephone Survey ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
Childhood Violence ◽  
Forms Of Violence ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigates the relationship between the characteristics of different types of childhood violence and adult victimization using two waves of data from a community telephone survey (T1) and a follow-up survey, including 505 cases and 506 controls, aged 17-35 years (T2). The logistic regression analyses showed that exposure to childhood abuse, regardless of type, was associated with adult victimization. Exposure to multiple types of abuse, victimization both in childhood and in young adulthood, and recency of abuse increased these odds. Our findings emphasize the importance of assessing multiple forms of violence when studying revictimization. Practitioners working with children and young adults should be attentive to the number of victimization types experienced and recent victimization to prevent further abuse.

Clinical Evaluation of the Variables associated with Treatment Acceptability and Their Relation to Compliance

1992 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Reimers ◽  
David P. Wacker ◽  
Linda J. Cooper ◽  
Agnes O. Deraad
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Problem ◽  
Behavior Management ◽  
Positive Reinforcement ◽  
Treatment Acceptability ◽  
Clinic Visit ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Parental Ratings ◽  
Problem Severity ◽  
The Relationship

The authors examined the acceptability ratings of positive reinforcement procedures recommended to parents seen in a pediatric behavior management outpatient clinic. Parental ratings of acceptability were obtained in the clinic and 1, 3, and 6 months following their initial clinic visit. Acceptability variables were examined by group (parents who rated the acceptability of treatments as high vs. low) and by severity (parents who rated their children's behavior problem as severe vs. mild). The relationship between these variables and reported compliance was also examined. Results show that the acceptability variables were useful in differentiating between parents who rated treatments to be more acceptable and parents who rated treatments to be less acceptable. Differences were also observed as a function of behavior problem severity. Significant correlations occurred between acceptability variables and compliance at each of the follow-up points. Results are discussed in relation to the clinical significance of these findings and the impetus they might serve for future research.

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