scholarly journals Job quality of refugees in Austria: Trade-offs between multiple workplace characteristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renate Ortlieb ◽  
Silvana Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Market Integration ◽  
Job Security ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Job Quality ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Quality Dimensions ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

Do employers tend to exploit refugees or do they offer them high-quality jobs? This article examines the job quality of refugees from Afghanistan and Syria working in Austria. It uses unique survey data of 316 refugees and cluster analysis to identify job quality profiles. Drawing on well-established job quality frameworks, it considers multiple dimensions of job quality, including pay, job security, overqualification in terms of level and content area, learning opportunities, at-home feeling and health aspects. The findings reveal four job quality profiles with considerable trade-offs or compromises between job quality dimensions. Furthermore, the job quality profiles are associated with the methods refugees use to find a job. The study enhances understanding of labour market integration of refugees and the associated role of human resource management.

scholarly journals Job Quality in Scotland

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Job Security ◽  
Job Quality ◽  
Employment Relations ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction

This article examines job quality and job satisfaction for individuals who are employed at workplaces located in Scotland. Using a series of indices constructed from responses in the survey of employees associated with the 2011 Workplace and Employment Relations Study, it investigates how job quality and job satisfaction differ across individuals. It also examines whether job quality and job satisfaction for individuals employed in Scotland are different from individuals employed elsewhere in Britain. Individuals employed at workplaces in Scotland are seen to have positive perspectives about the quality of their jobs. Although most maintain that they work very hard, nonetheless they are seen to have considerable control over most aspects of their jobs; are confident about their job security; and view their workplace managers as being supportive. In terms of differences across individuals, who have higher (lower) levels of job quality depends upon the index of job quality used. With the exception of their pay, individuals are seen to be satisfied with all aspects of their jobs, although the level of satisfaction does vary across individuals. There is little difference between employees located in Scotland and employees located elsewhere in Britain with respect to either job quality or job satisfaction.

scholarly journals EXPLORING THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN R&D EXPENDITURE AND THE JOB QUALITY IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Almeida ◽  
Nelson Amoedo
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Linear Analysis ◽  
Job Quality ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Socially Relevant ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

<p><em>Investment in research and development is a key factor in increasing countries' competitiveness. However, its impact can potentially be broader and include other socially relevant elements like job quality. In effect, the quantity of generated jobs is an incomplete indicator since it does not allow to conclude on the quality of the job generated. In this sense, this paper intends to explore the relevance of R&amp;D investments for the job quality in the European Union between 2009 and 2018. For this purpose, we investigate the effects of R&amp;D expenditures made by the business sector, government, and higher education sector on three dimensions of job quality. Three research methods are employed, i.e. univariate linear analysis, multiple linear analysis, and cluster analysis. The findings only confirm the association between R&amp;D expenditure and the number of hours worked, such that the European Union countries with the highest R&amp;D expenses are those with the lowest average weekly working hours.</em></p>

Language Education and Language Ideologies in Australian Print Media

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Mason ◽  
John Hajek
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Language Education ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Economic Resource ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Media ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Development Of Language

Abstract Across most predominantly English-speaking countries, classroom-based language education plays an important role in the internationalization of young citizens. However, the quality of language learning opportunities in many countries is less than ideal. The development of language education policy is influenced in part by broader societal perceptions of language, and these perceptions are often reflected and shaped by the media. The case of Australia is an interesting one for focus, because media and policy attention to the discipline is high, and yet to date there has been no comprehensive analysis of its representation. To fill this gap, the authors subject 261 news articles from Australian newspapers between 2007 and 2016 to mixed-methods content analysis, guided by Ruiz’s three orientations to language. The results show that language is positioned as a problem, and as an economic resource, but not as a social resource, nor as a right of everyday citizens. The ideological positioning of language in the press has implications for the perceptions of the role of language education, and for student uptake.

scholarly journals Workplace location and the quality of work: The case of urban-based workers in the UK

Urban Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 004209802091188
Author(s):  
Daniel Wheatley
Keyword(s):  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Job Quality ◽  
Working At Home ◽  
Quality Of Work ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Temporal Flexibility ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Mobile Working

Recent growth in flexible work which is detached from traditional urban workplaces, including homeworking, mobile working and forms of self-employment (gig work), has increased interest in the quality of work. This article compares job quality indicators between urban-based workers in standard (employer/business premises) and non-standard (homeworking, driving/travelling, mobile working) workplaces. Multinomial logistic regression is applied to UK panel data from four waves (2010–2011, 2012–2013, 2014–2015, 2016–2017) of the Understanding Society study. The analysis finds that urban-based employees working at home, predominantly in highly skilled occupations, have jobs which exhibit a number of characteristics of good work. Self-employed homeworkers, more often women, have lower job quality but leisure satisfaction benefits. Mobile working jobs offer greater spatial and temporal flexibility and job satisfaction, but also exhibit lower quality characteristics evident of trade-offs and divisions between forms of mobile work. Driving/travelling jobs exhibit lower job quality characteristics, especially among self-employed urban-based workers.

scholarly journals Diseño urbano y espacio público en contextos de regeneración urbana integrada: conceptos, marco institucional y experiencias recientes | Urban design and public space in integrated urban regeneration contexts: Concepts, institutional framework, and recent experiences

ZARCH ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio García-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Regeneration ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Systemic Nature

El interés institucional por la regeneración urbana integrada y la mejora de los tejidos urbanos obsoletos ha aumentado en los últimos años, siendo uno de los procesos por los que apuesta la nueva agenda urbana. Al respecto, numerosos autores señalan el carácter sistémico de los problemas, de múltiples dimensiones y reconocen que la calidad de la forma y el diseño urbano son una condición que puede favorecer la correcta evolución de un área urbana. El objetivo de este texto es analizar en qué grado están presentes la necesidad de un buen diseño y una atención específica por las formas urbanas en los conceptos, el marco institucional y en determinadas prácticas que promueven la regeneración urbana. Para ello, el artículo comienza con una exploración evolutiva del concepto de regeneración urbana focalizada en la experiencia española. A continuación, se analiza el marco institucional que regula actualmente la regeneración urbana, así como las políticas de estímulo estatales que la promueven. Al encontrar en el escenario nacional (Plan Estatal 2013) algunas debilidades en torno al diseño urbano y espacio público, se compara con otro de reconocida influencia (Ley de Barrios 2004) con el fin de conocer el rol del diseño urbano en cada uno de ellos. Por último, el artículo analiza dos experiencias recientes realizadas en el marco de la Ley de Barrios –Santa Caterina i Sant Pere y Sant Ildefons, (en Barcelona y su área metropolitana)–, verificando la relevancia del diseño urbano en determinadas prácticas de regeneración.PALABRAS CLAVE: regeneración urbana, diseño urbano, espacio público, legislación urbanística, políticas de estímulo, BarcelonaThe institutional interest for integrated urban regeneration and the improvement of deprived urban fabric has increased in last years, being one of the main processes included in the new urban agenda. At this regard, many authors point out the systemic nature of the problems, of multiple dimensions, recognising in the quality of the form and the urban design a condition capable of favouring an urban area evolution. The purpose of this paper is to analyse to what extent the need for good design and specific attention to urban forms are present in concepts, institutional framework, and certain practices that urban regeneration promotes. To this end, the article begins with an evolutive exploration of urban regeneration concept, focusing on the Spanish experience. Next, the recent institutional framework is analysed, as well as the state policies that support urban regeneration. Finding in the national scenario (Plan Estatal 2013) some weaknesses around the urban design and public space, which it is compared with one of recognized influence (Ley de Barrios 2004), in order to know the role of urban design in each of them. Finally, the article analyses two recent experiences carried out within the ‘Ley de Barrios’ framework -Santa Caterina i Sant Pere and Sant Ildefons, (in Barcelona and its metropolitan area)-, verifying the urban design relevance in certain regeneration practices.KEYWORDS: urban regeneration, urban design, public space, planning law, stimulus policies, Barcelona

The Future of Liberal Democracies, Pandemic Trade-Offs, and the Role of Social Sciences

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Radoslaw Markowski
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Previous Knowledge ◽  
Liberal Democracies ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
The Future ◽  
Democratic Norms

The article is written in the form of an essay (for Dahrendorf Symposium), speculative in essence, yet based on the new selected evidence concerning peoples’ opinions and attitudes disclosed during the pandemic. It starts with remarks about predictions in social sciences and the complex problems in studying the shocks created by the Covid-19 pandemic. Second part is devoted to major challenges and trade-offs states, governments and citizens have to face currently, focusing on one particular which is crucial for the future quality of liberal democracies, that is a trade-off between democratic norms and values and surveillance practices. The article concludes with a discussion of several issues, which have become more salient during the pandemic, challenging our previous knowledge about them.

scholarly journals Climbing the property ladder: An analysis of market integration in London property prices

Urban Studies ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 2660-2681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J Holmes ◽  
Jesús Otero ◽  
Theodore Panagiotidis
Keyword(s):  
Market Integration ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Testing Procedure ◽  
Geographic Proximity ◽  
Property Prices ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Different Types

We investigate the long-run convergence of house prices across the London boroughs based on a pairwise unit root probabilistic testing procedure. In sharp contrast to the earlier literature, we employ a dataset that distinguishes between four different types of property in each borough. Using a quarterly dataset that spans from 1995 to 2014, we find evidence in favour of long-run convergence thereby suggesting that the great majority of London borough house prices are driven by a single common stochastic trend. In a further contribution, we offer new insights through analysing the determinants of long-run convergence, by considering the role of geographic proximity, type of accommodation and amenities (quality of life).

scholarly journals Under- and over-investment in education: the role of locked-in fertility

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masao Nakagawa ◽  
Asuka Oura ◽  
Yoshiaki Sugimoto
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Redistributive Policy ◽  
Fertility Decisions ◽  
Education Investment ◽  
Heavy Financial Burden

AbstractThis research argues that, in the presence of idiosyncratic ability shocks after childbirth, irreversible fertility decisions distort the resource allocation between the quantity and quality of children. In underdeveloped environments, where family size is locked into large levels, education investment places a heavy financial burden on households, which deprives some competent children of learning opportunities. In contrast, in more developed environments, family size is locked into smaller levels, which facilitates education investment even for some children with low aptitude. A redistributive policy to mitigate the distortion is proposed for each stage.

scholarly journals The Role of Nurses and the Quality of Health Services with the Satisfaction of BPJS Patients in Junrejo Puskesmas Batu City

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Restu Pamungkas ◽  
Indasah Indasah ◽  
Koesnadi Koesnadi
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Regression Test ◽  
Important Quality ◽  
Quality Dimensions ◽  
Quality Of Health Services ◽  
Improve Service Quality

Patient satisfaction is related to service quality. By knowing the level of patient satisfaction, hospital management can improve service quality. Patient satisfaction is considered as one of the most important quality dimensions and is the key to success in health organizations that is also affected by the role of nurses. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of nurse roles and service quality on BPJS patient satisfaction. The research design used was cross sectional with questionnaire sheet instruments. The population of this study were 230 BPJS patients. 144 samples used random sampling techniques, while to determine the effect between variables used ordinal regression test with a significant level of 0.05. Based on the results of the study it was found that the role of good nurses was 64 (44.4%) respondents and most of the good quality services were 88 (61.1%) and satisfaction in the satisfied category was 124 (86.1%). The results of the data analysis showed that there was an influence of the nurse's role factor on satisfaction. It was known that the Sig (2-tailed) value had 0.00 and the service quality factor had an effect on satisfaction, this was known as Sig (2-tailed) which had a number 0.049. The existence of a good role from nurses will improve service quality and will improve BPJS patient satisfaction.

scholarly journals Dimensions of Job Quality, Mechanisms, and Subjective Well-Being in the United States

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Horowitz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Job Security ◽  
Job Quality ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Individual Task ◽  
Quality Dimensions ◽  
The Impact

How does job quality predict subjective well-being in the United States? Prior research suggests that various job quality dimensions such as job security and individual task discretion affect subjective well-being, but the theoretical mechanisms are implied rather than tested and aspects of job quality are rarely tested together. I use structural equation modeling and General Social Survey data to assess the impact of five job quality dimensions-individual task discretion, monetary compensation, job security, low work intensity, and safe work conditions-on subjective well-being. Then, I show that job quality influences subjective well-being by improving social life, altering class identification, affecting physical health, and increased amount of leisure time. Finally, while I find that job quality dimensions do have statistically significant effects on subjective well-being, the way in which job quality affects subjective well-being differs by job dimension. In other words, job quality has a statistically significant impact on subjective well-being, but different job quality domains are connected to subjective well-being in different ways.Keywords: work, job quality, subjective well-being, happiness

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