scholarly journals Th-1 polarization is regulated by dendritic-cell comparison of MHC class I and class II antigens

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 113 (18) ◽  
pp. 4213-4223 ◽  
Author(s):  
William K. Decker ◽  
Dongxia Xing ◽  
Sufang Li ◽  
Simon N. Robinson ◽  
Hong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mhc Class I ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Antigenic Specificity ◽  
Type I ◽  
Peptide Epitopes ◽  
Transcriptional Signature ◽  
Surface Marker Expression ◽  
Conceptual Explanations ◽  
Th 1

Abstract In the control of T-helper type I (Th-1) polarization, dendritic cells (DCs) must interpret a complex array of stimuli, many of which are poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that Th-1 polarization is heavily influenced by DC-autonomous phenomena triggered by the loading of DCs with antigenically matched major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II determinants, that is, class I and II peptide epitopes exhibiting significant amino acid sequence overlap (such as would be physiologically present during infectious processes requiring Th-1 immunity for clearance). Data were derived from 13 independent antigenic models including whole-cell systems, single-protein systems, and 3 different pairs of overlapping class I and II binding epitopes. Once loaded with matched class I and II antigens, these “Th-1 DCs” exhibited differential cytokine secretion and surface marker expression, a distinct transcriptional signature, and acquired the ability to enhance generation of CD8+ T lymphocytes. Mechanistically, tRNA-synthetases were implicated as components of a putative sensor complex involved in the comparison of class I and II epitopes. These data provide rigorous conceptual explanations for the process of Th-1 polarization and the antigenic specificity of cognate T-cell help, enhance the understanding of Th-1 responses, and should contribute to the formulation of more effective vaccination strategies.

Electron microscopy analysis of degenerating pancreatic ß cells in transgenic mice expressing the MHC Class I antigen Dd

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 548-549
Author(s):  
T. A. Stewart ◽  
D. Liggitt ◽  
S. Pitts ◽  
L. Martin ◽  
M. Siegel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Type I ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Mhc Molecules ◽  
Endogenous Insulin ◽  
Class Ii Mhc ◽  
Ifn Γ

Insulin-dependant (Type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a metabolic disorder resulting from the lack of endogenous insulin secretion. The disease is thought to result from the autoimmune mediated destruction of the insulin producing ß cells within the islets of Langerhans. The disease process is probably triggered by environmental agents, e.g. virus or chemical toxins on a background of genetic susceptibility associated with particular alleles within the major histocompatiblity complex (MHC). The relation between IDDM and the MHC locus has been reinforced by the demonstration of both class I and class II MHC proteins on the surface of ß cells from newly diagnosed patients as well as mounting evidence that IDDM has an autoimmune pathogenesis. In 1984, a series of observations were used to advance a hypothesis, in which it was suggested that aberrant expression of class II MHC molecules, perhaps induced by gamma-interferon (IFN γ) could present self antigens and initiate an autoimmune disease. We have tested some aspects of this model and demonstrated that expression of IFN γ by pancreatic ß cells can initiate an inflammatory destruction of both the islets and pancreas and does lead to IDDM.

MHC Sınıf I ve MHC Sınıf II Gen Düzenlenmesi

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-156
Author(s):  
Şule KARATAŞ ◽  
Fatma SAVRAN OĞUZ
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Mhc Class I ◽  
Mhc Class Ii ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Mhc Molecules ◽  
Class Ii Mhc ◽  
Regulation Mechanisms

Introduction: Peptides obtained by processing intracellular and extracellular antigens are presented to T cells to stimulate the immune response. This presentation is made by peptide receptors called major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. The regulation mechanisms of MHC molecules, which have similar roles in the immune response, especially at the gene level, have significant differences according to their class. Objective: Class I and class II MHC molecules encoded by MHC genes on the short arm of the sixth chromosome are peptide receptors that stimulate T cell response. These peptides, which will enable the recognition of the antigen from which they originate, are loaded into MHC molecules and presented to T cells. Although the principles of loading and delivering peptides are similar for both molecules, the peptide sources and peptide loading mechanisms are different. In addition, class I molecules are expressed in all nucleated cells while class II molecules are expressed only in Antigen Presentation Cells (APC). These differences; It shows that MHC class I is not expressed by exactly the same transcriptional mechanisms as MHC class II. In our article, we aimed to compare the gene expressions of both classes and reveal their similarities and differences. Discussion and Conclusion: A better understanding of the transcriptional mechanisms of MHC molecules will reveal the role of these molecules in diseases more clearly. In our review, we discussed MHC gene regulation mechanisms with presence of existing informations, which is specific to the MHC class, for contribute to future research. Keywords: MHC class I, MHC class II, MHC gene regulation, promoter, SXY module, transcription

scholarly journals Identification of MHC class II restricted T-cell-mediated reactivity against MHC class I binding Mycobacterium tuberculosis peptides

Immunology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingjun Wang ◽  
Sheila T. Tang ◽  
Anette Stryhn ◽  
Sune Justesen ◽  
Mette V. Larsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Mhc Class I ◽  
Mhc Class Ii ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I

Towards a systems understanding of MHC class I and MHC class II antigen presentation

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 823-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Neefjes ◽  
Marlieke L. M. Jongsma ◽  
Petra Paul ◽  
Oddmund Bakke
Keyword(s):  
Antigen Presentation ◽  
Mhc Class I ◽  
Mhc Class Ii ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Ii Antigen ◽  
Mhc Class Ii Antigen

T-cell epitopes within the complementarity-determining and framework regions of the tumor-derived immunoglobulin heavy chain in multiple myeloma

Blood ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 101 (12) ◽  
pp. 4930-4936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotta Hansson ◽  
Hodjattallah Rabbani ◽  
Jan Fagerberg ◽  
Anders Österborg ◽  
Håkan Mellstedt
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Mhc Class I ◽  
Heavy Chain ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Class I ◽  
Type I ◽  
T Cell Epitopes ◽  
Hla Binding

Abstract The idiotypic structure of the monoclonal immunoglobulin (Ig) in multiple myeloma (MM) might be regarded as a tumor-specific antigen. The present study was designed to identify T-cell epitopes of the variable region of the Ig heavy chain (VH) in MM (n = 5) using bioinformatics and analyze the presence of naturally occurring T cells against idiotype-derived peptides. A large number of human-leukocyte-antigen (HLA)–binding (class I and II) peptides were identified. The frequency of predicted epitopes depended on the database used: 245 in bioinformatics and molecular analysis section (BIMAS) and 601 in SYFPEITHI. Most of the peptides displayed a binding half-life or score in the low or intermediate affinity range. The majority of the predicted peptides were complementarity-determining region (CDR)–rather than framework region (FR)–derived (52%-60% vs 40%-48%, respectively). Most of the predicted peptides were confined to the CDR2-FR3-CDR3 “geographic” region of the Ig-VH region (70%), and significantly fewer peptides were found within the flanking (FR1-CDR1-FR2 and FR4) regions (P < .01). There were 8– to 10–amino acid (aa) long peptides corresponding to the CDRs and fitting to the actual HLA-A/B haplotypes that spontaneously recognized, albeit with a low magnitude, type I T cells (interferon γ), indicating an ongoing major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I–restricted T-cell response. Most of those peptides had a low binding half-life (BIMAS) and a low/intermediate score (SYFPEITHI). Furthermore, 15- to 20-aa long CDR1-3–derived peptides also spontaneously recognized type I T cells, indicating the presence of MHC class II–restricted T cells as well. This study demonstrates that a large number of HLA-binding idiotypic peptides can be identified in patients with MM. Such peptides may spontaneously induce a type I MHC class I– as well as class II–restricted memory T-cell response.

Central Role of the Antigen-Presentation and Interferon-γ Pathways in Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Blockade

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Paschen ◽  
Ignacio Melero ◽  
Antoni Ribas
Keyword(s):  
Antigen Presentation ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Mhc Class I ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Class I ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Type I

Resistance to immunotherapy is due in some instances to the acquired stealth mechanisms of tumor cells that lose expression of MHC class I antigen–presenting molecules or downregulate their class I antigen–presentation pathways. Most dramatically, biallelic β2-microglobulin (B2M) loss leads to complete loss of MHC class I expression and to invisibility to CD8+ T cells. MHC class I expression and antigen presentation are potently upregulated by interferon-γ (IFNγ) in a manner that depends on IFNγ receptor (IFNGR) signaling via JAK1 and JAK2. Mutations in these molecules lead to IFNγ unresponsiveness and mediate loss of recognition and killing by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Loss of MHC class I augments sensitivity of tumor cells to be killed by natural killer (NK) lymphocytes, and this mechanism could be exploited to revert resistance, for instance, with interleukin-2 (IL-2)-based agents. Moreover, in some experimental models, potent local type I interferon responses, such as those following intratumoral injection of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) or TLR3 agonists, revert resistance due to mutations of JAKs. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Cancer Biology, Volume 6 is April 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

Targeting antigen to MHC Class I and Class II antigen presentation pathways for malaria DNA vaccines

2007 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlota Dobaño ◽  
William O. Rogers ◽  
Kalpana Gowda ◽  
Denise L. Doolan
Keyword(s):  
Antigen Presentation ◽  
Mhc Class I ◽  
Dna Vaccines ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Ii Antigen
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