scholarly journals ABO/Rh Blood Group and COVID-19 Infection Severity

Blood ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 136 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 20-21
Author(s):  
David J Hermel ◽  
Elisa Quiroz ◽  
Samantha R Bagsic ◽  
Carrie L. Costantini ◽  
Alan Saven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
San Diego ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
San Diego County ◽  
Type B ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Group Type ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Rh Blood Group

Introduction: Early epidemiological studies of U.S. patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have suggested a possible association between ABO/Rh blood group phenotype and both susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 infection. Given the remarkable heterogeneity of the host inflammatory response in this viral syndrome and the widespread expression of ABO/Rh antigens on vascular and alveolar endothelial cells, it is biologically plausible that certain blood group phenotypes, with their unique repertoire of anti-A and/or anti-B antibodies, may differentially augment the host-pathogen response. We conducted a retrospective review of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 within our regional healthcare network in San Diego County to identify an association between ABO/Rh blood group type and the severity of infection. Methods: All patients hospitalized at one of five Scripps Health hospitals in San Diego County from March 1, 2020 to July 30, 2020 with a PCR confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and blood type on record were included in the initial analysis (n = 316). Demographic, laboratory and clinical data were extracted from the electronic medical record and included age, ethnicity, BMI, sex, medications, co-morbidities and admission white blood cell and lymphocyte count, hemoglobin, platelets, ESR, CRP and D-dimer. Outcomes of interest included length of hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, mechanical ventilation need, and mortality. Significant associations between each parameter of interest and blood group type were determined using either linear or logistic regression analysis. To address potential confounding variables, an adjusted multivariate model accounting for potential significant (p< 0.1) predictors of each outcome on univariate analysis, in addition to blood type groups, was conducted to further refine any associations. The study was approved by the Scripps Health Institutional Review Board. Results: 316 patients met inclusion criteria for analysis. Hospitalized COVID patients were predominantly male, obese (BMI 30.6) and were an average age of 63 years. Almost 70% of patients hospitalized were Hispanic. 57.0% of patients were blood type O, 30.4% were type A, 3.8% were type B and 8.9% were type AB. 7% were Rh negative. Median length of hospital stay was 16.5±14.7 days, 59% were admitted to the ICU, 37% were intubated, and 27% died. Further relevant laboratory values on admission, co-morbidities, and medications administered during hospitalization are summarized in Table 1. Blood type, with or without adjusting for other clinical variables, was not predictive of length of hospital stay, ICU admission, or intubation during the hospitalization. Type B blood alone was associated with decreased odds of death (OR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.06-0.85, p<0.05), though this effect was not seen after adjusting for significant confounding variables (OR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.08-1.43, p>0.18). Conclusion: In this large, multi-hospital, retrospective analysis of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in San Diego County, there was a low relative percentage of Rh negative blood type and type B blood compared to historical population averages. Blood type was not determined to be independently associated with hospital length of stay, mechanical ventilation, ICU admission or death. ABO/Rh blood typing appears to have a limited prognostic role in COVID-19 severity of hospitalized patients, though further analysis of the protective effects of type B and/or Rh negative blood type may be warranted in a larger sample. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Maternal ABO Blood Group Type B: A Risk Factor in the Development of Neonatal Group B Streptococcal Disease

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 504-509
Author(s):  
Joan A. Regan ◽  
Solan Chao ◽  
L. Stanley James
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Receptor Site ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Type B ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Group Type ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Blood Group Type ◽  
Group B

In a prospective study of maternal genital colonization with group B streptococci (GBS) at the time of delivery, epidemiological data, including blood type (ABO group), were recorded for the 1,062 patients studied. Blood type B was found in a statistically significant higher proportion of patients colonized with CBS (28%) compared with the total population (16.4%) (P < .005, x2 = 8.43). Women with blood type B were twice as likely to be colonized as those with types 0 or A. Hypotheses to explain this observation include the possibilities that GBS possess a B-like antigen, rendering parturients who lack anti-B antibody at increased risk for GBS colonization, or that GBS possess a receptor site for B surface antigens. One may speculate that a mutation toward an affinity for the human ABO blood group type B accounts for the advent of the group B Streptococcus as a significant perinatal pathogen.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Pandemic Highlights Health Disparities in Latinos in San Diego

Blood ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 136 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 29-30
Author(s):  
Elisa Quiroz ◽  
David J Hermel ◽  
Samantha R Bagsic ◽  
Carrie L. Costantini ◽  
Anuj Mahindra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
San Diego ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
High Rate ◽  
San Diego County ◽  
P Value ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
American Ethnicity

Introduction: Minority healthcare disparities are well known in many areas of medicine. Higher mortality has been reported in minorities with different cancer types despite adjusting for income or education. In hematological malignancies the trend persists. Despite favorable prognostic factors upon diagnosis of acute myelogenous leukemia, the mortality risk for Latinos and African Americans is higher by 12% and 7%, respectively. Both incidence and mortality in acute lymphoblastic leukemia are highest in Latinos. In Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Latino and African American adolescents and young adults have a higher risk of death at 35% and 62%, respectively. The COVID-19 pandemic has drawn attention to the immense disparities in healthcare outcomes in minority communities. Disproportionate rates of hospitalization and death related to COVID-19 have been reported across the nation, highlighting the stark consequences of historic racial and economic injustices. With these findings comes a call to action and an urgency to create systemic change to promote health equity. Methods: Patients hospitalized at any Scripps Health hospital in San Diego County from March 1, 2020 to July 30, 2020 with a PCR confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and blood type were included in the analysis (n = 316). Demographic, laboratory and clinical data were extracted from the electronic medical record and included age, ethnicity, BMI, sex, medications, co-morbidities, blood type, white blood cell count, lymphocyte count, hemoglobin, platelets, ESR, CRP and D-dimer. Outcomes of interest included length of say (LOS), intensive care unit (ICU) admission, intubation and mortality. Analysis was performed with an a priori predictor of Latin American ethnicity. Linear regression analysis of LOS, logistic regression of other variables and age-adjusted regression was done. Demographic characteristics that were predictive in univariate analysis with p< 0.1 were included in a multiple regression model for each outcome with Latin American ethnicity as a predictor. If the potentially predictive demographic characteristic maintained trends toward significance (p<0.1), the predictor was retained in the model to produce the final regression results for each outcome. Results: Hospitalized COVID patients were predominantly male, obese (BMI 30.6) and average age was 63 years. 69.3% of patients were Hispanic. 65.51% of patients were diabetic, 26.27% had chronic kidney disease and 23.10% had congestive heart failure. Additional patient characteristics are included in Table 1. Median length of hospital stay was 16.5 days, 59% were admitted to the ICU, 37% were intubated, and 27% died. Blood type was not found to be a predictor of outcomes. The odds ratio (OR) of age adjusted LOS for Latinos was 1.01 days (p-value 0.60), 1.06 for ICU admission (p-value 0.80) and 0.82 for death (p-value 0.50). After adjusting for age and other potentially predictive characteristics, Hispanic ethnicity was not predictive of poor outcomes. Conclusion: In this retrospective analysis of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in San Diego County, there was a strikingly high rate of hospitalizations in Latino patients. While the 2019 United States Census estimates the Latino population in San Diego to be 34.1%, Latinos comprised nearly 70% of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the Scripps Health system. Despite the high rate of admissions in Latino patients, Latin American ethnicity was not a predictor of poor outcomes as previously reported in other populations. The underlying etiology of the high rates of COVID-19 hospital admission in Latinos is likely multifactorial due to overcrowding, lack of access to healthcare and higher prevalence of chronic illness as demonstrated by our cohort's increased incidence of co-morbid conditions. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals The effect of abo and rh blood group antigens on admission to intensive care unit and mortality in patients with COVID-19 infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
Selçuk Yaylacı ◽  
Hamad Dheir ◽  
Kubilay İşsever ◽  
Ahmed Bilal Genc ◽  
Didar Şenocak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Rh Blood Group

SUMMARY AIM The aim of this study is to analyze the prognostic significance of ABO and Rh blood group antigens along with various parameters in patients followed-up with the diagnosis of COVID-19. METHODS We evaluated 397 patients who were follow-up and treated due to COVID-19 infections. The ages, genders, chronic diseases, ABO and Rh blood group antigens, admission rates to Intensive Care Units (ICU), and mortality rates of the patients were analyzed. FINDINGS The mean age of the 397 patients with COVID-19 was 47±17 years. In the blood group analysis of the patients, A Rh-positive (A +) was the most frequently seen blood type (176 patients, 44.3%) followed by O Rh-positive (0 +) (109 patients, 27,5%); 38 patients were Rh negative (Rh -) (9,6%). 53 of the patients (13,4%) were followed in ICU and 29 patients died (7,3%). Neither mortality nor admission to ICU was seen for Rh – group. The comparison of Rh groups concerning the need for ICU admission revealed a significantly high rate of ICU admission in the Rh + group (p=0,011), while no significant relationship was found between mortality and Rh antigen (p=0,069). CONCLUSION The most frequently seen blood type among COVID-19 patients was A +. The Rh + blood group was found in all cases who were admitted to ICU and had a death outcome. The Rh + blood group was found in a significantly high number of patients who were admitted to ICU, while no significant relationship was found between mortality and Rh blood group.

scholarly journals N-glycolylneuraminic acid and N-acetylneuraminic acid define feline blood group A and B antigens

Blood ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 2485-2491 ◽  
Author(s):  
GA Andrews ◽  
PS Chavey ◽  
JE Smith ◽  
L Rich
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Type A ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Type B ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Acetylneuraminic Acid ◽  
Group A ◽  
Type Ab

Abstract Blood group incompatibility causes transfusion reactions and neonatal isoerythrolysis in cats. We investigated the molecular nature of the blood group antigens from cats that had blood type A, B, and AB erythrocytes. Naturally occurring anti-type B antibodies, Triticum vulgaris lectin, monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 32–27, and MoAb R-24 were used in agglutination tests, Western blots, and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) enzyme immunostaining. Type A erythrocytes had NeuGc-NeuGc-Galactose-Glucose-Ceramide ([NeuGc]2GD3) where NeuGc represents N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and NeuAc-NeuGc-GD3, where NeuAc represents N-acetylneuraminic acid, and may have [NeuGc]2 disialylparagloboside and NeuAc-NeuGc-disialylparagloboside. Type B erythrocytes only had [NeuAc]2GD3. Type AB erythrocytes had [NeuGc]2GD3, NeuAc-NeuGc-GD3, and [NeuAc]2GD3. Blood group antigens were also found on a 50-Kd membrane protein. We conclude that type B erythrocytes are characterized by [NeuAc]2GD3 as the only form of this ganglioside and the presence of NeuAc on a 50-Kd membrane protein. NeuGc is the major determinant of the A antigen; specifically, [NeuGc]2GD3 is the major glycolipid form. The A antigen is also present on a 50-Kd membrane protein.

scholarly journals Effect of maternal ABO blood type on birth weight and preeclampsia

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Beyazıt ◽  
Eren Pek ◽  
Aysenur Çakır Güngör ◽  
Meryem Gencer ◽  
Mesut A. Unsal
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Abo Blood Groups ◽  
Type B ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Background: ABO blood group has been recognized as a risk factor for distinct disease states. The association between ABO blood group and adverse pregnancy outcomes has not been extensively studied, especially in relation to birth weight and preeclampsia (PE). The aim of the present study is to determine whether ABO blood group contributes to the adverse pregnancy outcomes including low birth weight and PE.Methods: Medical data including ABO phenotypes were collected from hospital electronic database and retrospectively reviewed. Adverse pregnancy outcomes included PE and low birth weight. Birth week was also noted for each subject.Results: 2177 charts of mothers who had given birth in our hospital were studied. Overall 605 (27.8%) women had type O blood, 1056 (48.5%) had type A blood, 369 (16.9%) had type B blood and 147 (6.8%) had type AB blood. Pregnant women with type B blood group had significantly lower birth weights compared with type O, A and AB. Birth weeks of all groups were found to be similar with no statistically significant difference. A total of 167 mothers were recorded as having PE. No association was observed between PE and ABO blood groups of study participants.Conclusions: Although maternal ABO phenotype is associated with low birth weight, no association was found between blood type and preeclampsia. We postulate that maternal/fetal immune system genes which are directly associated with ABO blood groups could affect pregnant with a resulting birth weight alterations.

scholarly journals Frequencies of feline blood types in Hungary

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nóra Bagdi ◽  
Melinda Magdus ◽  
E. Leidinger ◽  
Judith Leidinger ◽  
K. Vörös
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Type A ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Type B ◽  
Blood Types ◽  
Type Ab ◽  
Transfusion Reactions

Feline blood group determination is done as a routine diagnostic method in numerous countries. Blood transfusion reactions and feline neonatal isoerythrolysis (FNI) can be avoided with the identification of different feline blood groups. The present study is the first investigation in Hungary during which 100 cats have been examined from all over the country. These cats were out of six breeds: European domestic shorthair, Persian mix, Persian, Abyssinian, Siamese and British shorthair. In the Hungarian feline population European domestic shorthair are most common but other breeds also occur. European domestic shorthair, Persian mix, Abyssinian, Siamese and British shorthair individuals all belonged to blood type A (100%). Blood type B was found very rarely and only in Persian cats. One-third of the Persian cats were categorised into blood type B, whilst type AB was not found during the study.

scholarly journals Distribution of ABO blood group in children with acute leukemias

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-223
Author(s):  
Meliha Sakić
Keyword(s):  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Type B ◽  
Acute Leukemias ◽  
Blood Types ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Pediatric Clinic ◽  
Type Ab

Introduction: This study is the fi rst study about the distribution ABO blood types at children with acute leukemia in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The aim of the study is to point out distribution of blood type groups at children with acute leukemia (AL)Methods: The number of children in this study was the following: 145 children with acute leukemia and 27 of children with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML). All of the children were treated at Hemato- Oncology Unitof Pediatric Clinic in Sarajevo, in the period January 2000 until December 2010. Age of children was between 1 month and 15 years.Results: The results showed that different blood types were registered in 93. 1% of children who got ill and treated from acute leukemia for the mentioned period. At 6. 9 % of children, none of the blood types wereregistered. It was noticed that 40.9 % children who have registered blood type O, 37% blood type A,16% blood type B and 6.5% blood type AB had AL, too. It has been observed that children with following bloodtypes had AML: O, 47.8%, A, 47.7% and AB, 30.4%.Conclusion: Signifi cance ABO types distribution was confi rmed for children with ALL, p<0, 05. The analysis of the distribution of ABO types based on gender showed that signifi cance was confi rmed at females with both ALL and AML (p<0.05).

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccination in Hospitalized Cases in Catalonia During the 2017-2018 Season

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesly Acosta ◽  
Nuria Soldevila ◽  
Nuria Torner ◽  
Ana Martínez ◽  
Xavier Ayneto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Type B ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Seasonal Flu

Seasonal flu is a common cause of hospital admission, especially in populations with comorbidities or extreme ages. The objective was to investigate the effectiveness of influenza vaccination in hospitalized laboratory confirmed influenza cases (HLCI). A retrospective case-to-case study of HLCI adults in Catalonia, during the 2017-2018 season was carried out. Differences in means, proportions, factors associated with vaccine effectiveness (VE) and intensive care unit (ICU) were assessed by t-test, Chi-squared test, logistic regression and multivariate logistic regression, accordingly. A total of 1414 HLCI aged 18 years and older were included in the analysis, 465 (33%) vaccinated, (of these 94% were &ge; 60 yrs.), 804 (56.9%) were men, 61% were type B influenza and 15.1% required ICU admission. An age of 60 or older was associated with lower ICU admission (OR 0.44; 95%CI 0.32-0.61; &amp;lt;0.001). Mean length of hospital stay (LOS) and ICU stay (LICS) did not differ significantly between vaccinated and unvaccinated, although ICU admission proportion did (11.2% in vaccinated vs. 17.1% in unvaccinated). A longer hospital stay was observed in those patients being admitted to ICU being 22.4 (SD 20.3) days vs 11.1(SD14.4) days (p&amp;lt;0,001) for those not admitted to ICU. Being vaccinated avoids ICU admission, aOR of 69% (95%CI 0.49-0.99; 0.04). Considering types A and B jointly, VE to avoid ICU admission was 31% (95%CI 1-52). For type B virus only, VE was 25% (95%CI 18-51). Annual influenza vaccination can reduce the need of admission to ICU in cases of laboratory confirmed influenza virus infections. A shorter mean hospital stay was observed in vaccinated cases, but the result is not statistically significant.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and Genetic Characterization for Incompatible Cross-Match Cases in the Feline AB Blood Group System

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumiko Uno ◽  
Masami Yaguchi ◽  
Tasuku Kobayashi ◽  
Eri Onozawa ◽  
Kazuhiko Ochiai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Blood Group System ◽  
Transfusion Medicine ◽  
Type B ◽  
Blood Typing ◽  
Group System ◽  
Blood Types ◽  
Incompatible Cross ◽  
Cross Matching

The feline AB blood group system (blood types A, B, and AB) encoding the cytidine monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) gene is the most significant in transfusion medicine and hemolysis of the newborn for cats. Blood typing and cross-matching in pre-transfusion testing are crucial to determining blood compatibility and thus prevent hemolytic transfusion reactions. We here performed serological and genetic investigations to characterize blood samples from cats with discordant results for card agglutination (CARD) and the alloantibody agglutination test for blood typing in two cats (subjects K and R). Subject K showed incompatible cross-matching in pre-transfusion testing. Red blood cells from subjects K and R determined blood type B from the CARD method showed blood type AB by alloanti-A and alloanti-B antibodies in agglutination testing. Genomic DNA sequencing of the coding region (exons 1a to 14) for the cat CMAH gene showed that subject K had four mutations with heterozygosity at c.139C&gt;T, c.179G&gt;T, c.327A&gt;C, and c.364C&gt;T. Similarly, the CMAH gene of subject R carried six mutations with heterozygosity at c.142G&gt;A, c.187A&gt;G, c.268T&gt;A, c.327A&gt;C, c.773G&gt;A and c.1603G&gt;A, representing a new diplotype including a novel synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in exon 7 (c.773 G&gt;A: Arg258Gln). The CMAH diplotype in subjects K and R was different from major diplotype in blood type B cats. This study is the first to report CMAH variants in cats with discordant blood types between CARD and TUBE methods. These results could assist in the classification of feline AB blood types for transfusion medicine to avoid blood incompatibilities.

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