Mutations Highly Specific for Secondary AML Are Associated with Poor Outcomes in Patients with NPM1-Mutated ELN Favorable Risk AML

Abstract Background: NPM1 is commonly mutated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and represents a distinct entity under the WHO 2016 classification. It is one of the few mutations that can potentially support favorable risk by European LeukemiaNet (ELN) 2017 criteria. Mutations that are highly specific for secondary AML including SRSF2, SF3B1, U2AF1, ZRSR2, ASXL1, EZH2, BCOR, and STAG2 (sMut) (Lindsley et al.) have been shown to confer poor prognosis. The impact of these mutations on NPM1-mutated AML warrants further investigation. Objective: In this study, we explore the outcomes in patients with NPM1-mutated AML. Methods: This was a retrospective study of NPM1-mutated AML patients who were diagnosed and treated at the Moffitt Cancer Center from 2013 to March 2021. Inclusion was restricted to NPM1-mutated patients with mutation analysis (NGS) performed at diagnosis (n=159). Kaplan-Meier, univariate, and multivariate analyses were performed. Results: Among 159 patients (78M/81F, median age 63 years at diagnosis), 80.5% had de novo AML. By ELN 2017 criteria, 63.5% (101/159) had favorable risk, 27.7% (44/159) had intermediate risk, and 8.2% (13/159) had adverse risk disease. Almost 90% had intermediate risk cytogenetics at the time of diagnosis. Common co-mutations included DNMT3A (47.2%), FLT3-ITD (35.8%), TET2 (26.4%), IDH1 (17.6%), FLT3-TKD (15.1%), and IDH2 (13.8%). sMut comprised 19.5% (31/159) of patients and 20.8% (21/101) of those with ELN favorable risk. In patients with treatment response data, those with sMut never achieved CR/CRi in 35.7% (10/28) compared to 17.2% (22/128) of patients without sMut (p=0.038). The overall survival (OS) was 43.7 months with a median follow up of 35.5 months. Patients with sMut had worse OS compared to those without sMut (14.7 months vs 57.6 months, p=0.011). Among patients with favorable risk disease, OS was 11.6 months compared to not reached for those with sMut and without sMut, respectively (p<0.0001). Univariate analysis showed sMut and allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) significantly impacted OS (sMut: HR 3.48, 95% CI: 1.80-6.72, p<0.001; HCT: HR 0.17, 95% CI: 0.07-0.44, p<0.001). Multivariate regression using covariates including age, AML type, sMut, and HCT confirmed their prognostic significance on survival (sMut: HR 2.40, 95% CI: 1.17-4.93, p=0.017; HCT: HR 0.26, 95% CI: 0.08-0.56, p=0.002). Conclusions: Our findings suggest NPM1-mutated AML patients with sMut have significantly worse prognosis despite being classified primarily as favorable risk by ELN 2017 at diagnosis. This may have treatment implications altering the need for and/or timing of HCT. These findings should be assessed prospectively and validated in independent datasets. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Hussaini: Adaptive: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Stemline: Consultancy; Amgen: Consultancy; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy; Celegene: Consultancy; Decibio: Consultancy; Guidepoint: Consultancy; Bluprint Medicine: Consultancy. Talati: AbbVie: Honoraria; Pfizer: Honoraria; Astellas: Speakers Bureau; BMS: Honoraria; Jazz: Speakers Bureau. Kuykendall: Incyte: Consultancy; Novartis: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Protagonist: Consultancy, Research Funding; Celgene/BMS: Honoraria; Abbvie: Honoraria; Blueprint: Honoraria; Pharmaessentia: Honoraria. Padron: Blueprint: Honoraria; Incyte: Research Funding; Kura: Research Funding; Stemline: Honoraria; Taiho: Honoraria; BMS: Research Funding. Sallman: Shattuck Labs: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Syndax: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Magenta: Consultancy; Takeda: Consultancy; Kite: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Incyte: Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Intellia: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; AbbVie: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Agios: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Aprea: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Sweet: Novartis: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Astellas: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Gilead: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Bristol Meyers Squibb: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; AROG: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Komrokji: Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Geron: Consultancy; BMSCelgene: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Acceleron: Consultancy; AbbVie: Consultancy; Jazz: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Taiho Oncology: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; PharmaEssentia: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Lancet: AbbVie: Consultancy; Celgene/BMS: Consultancy; Daiichi Sankyo: Consultancy; ElevateBio Management: Consultancy; Millenium Pharma/Takeda: Consultancy; BerGenBio: Consultancy; Jazz: Consultancy; Agios: Consultancy; Astellas: Consultancy.

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Serum Soluble Syndecan-1 (ssCD138) Can Contribute to the Discrimination of Lenalidomide Resistant Multiple Myeloma (MM) Patients

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2020-142006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 136 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 15-16

Author(s):

Annita Ioanna Gkioka ◽

Aspasia Koudouna ◽

Vasiliki Bartzi ◽

Maria Dimou ◽

Theodoros Iliakis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Board Of Directors ◽

Light Chain ◽

Research Funding ◽

Prognostic Score ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Prognostic Significance ◽

Previous Treatment ◽

Median Number ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Advisory Committees

Background Lenalidomide resistance is one of the main emerging therapeutical concerns in MM. SsCD138 levels were shown of prognostic significance in MM at diagnosis while their contribution during disease course has not been evaluated. Aims To evaluate ssCD138 possible prognostic contribution in MM patients treated with Lenalidomide. Patients and methods : Sixty-nine patients treated with Lenalidomide were included in the study. All received dexamethasone (RD) but one maintenance. Medical records were reviewed and frozen sera samples were tested after patient's informed consent. SsCD138 levels were determined by ELISA (Diaclone Research) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Median age of patients was 67 years with 50% women. Immunoglobulin type was IgG in 67% patients, IgA in 22%, Light-Chain in 10% and IgD in 1%. ISS 1, 2 and 3 were 37%, 24% and 39% respectively. ssCD138 were measured at RD initiation, best response and relapse. Median value was used as cut off and any concentrations above median were defined as "High". Median PostLenOS was 27mo, median time to next treatment (TNT) was 12,5mo. Time from RD initiation to the second relapse after RD (LenPFS2) was 24,5mo. Median number of previous treatment lines was 3. Forty healthy individuals were also tested. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software v.25. Results: Median ssCD138 was 234 ng/ml (15-841) at RD initiation, 97 ng/ml(12-1500) at plateau and 247(51-395) at relapse while it was 52 ng/ml (21-1070) in Healthy Individuals. Patients achieving VgPR and better had more than 50% reduction in ssynd-1 levels from treatment initiation to plateau (r=0,344, p=0,05). Patients with High ssynd-1 levels at RD initiation presented shorter LenPFS 2 (p=0,011) and TNT (p=0,018). Factors measured at RD initiation impacting on LenPFS2 were ssCD138 levels (HR:2 .p=0,025), abnormal LDH (HR:4,47 ,p=0,0001), ISS (HR=1,54, p=0,008) and b2-microglobulin>5.5mg/L(HR: 2,23, p=0,009), Bone Marrow Infiltration (BMINF)>60% (HR : 2,39, p=0,048), albumin<3.5g/dl (HR: 2,72, p=0,12). In univariate analysis for TNT predictors, ssCD138 levels (HR:2,32, p=0,009), ISS (HR:1,46, p=0,001), b2-microglobulin>5.55mg/L (HR:1,76, p=0,008) and Free Light Chain Ratio(FLCR)>100 (HR:2,08, p=0,000), albumin<3.5 g/dl (HR: 1,75, p=0,031) BMINF>60% (HR : 2,18, p=0,01), Hb<10 g/dl (ΗR:3,3, p=0,001) were significant. Variables of importance for PostLenOS were ISS (HR:1,4 , p=0,004) b2-microglobulin>5.5mg/L (HR:1.61 ,p= 0,031), FLCR>100 (HR:2,8 , p=0,0001) levels, albumin<3.5 g/dl (HR: 2,45, p=0,001), BMINF>60% (HR : 2,8, p=0,002). Based on the independent variables patients were assigned a score of 1 with both FLCR>100 and elevated ssCD138 levels and 0 with both these values normal. Patients with 1 point presented an estimated TNT of 4 Vs 14 months (p=0,001) and shorter LenPFS of 11 Vs 28 months (p=0,001). The estimated PostLenOS was 15 Vs 33 months in patients with 1 and 0 point respectively (p=0,005). Conclusion SsCD138 levels in MM patients treated with RD were significantly associated with LenPFS2 and TNT. A Prognostic score based on ssCD138 and FLCR>100 was shown effective for the prediction of PostLenOS, LenPFS2 and TNT. These results suggest that soluble syndecan-1 levels can discriminate patients at risk to the lenalidomide resistant early. Indeed validation in larger cohort is necessary. Disclosures Panayiotidis: ASH: Honoraria; Phizer: Honoraria; Roche: Honoraria, Research Funding; AbbVie: Honoraria, Research Funding; Takeda: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding; Genesis: Honoraria, Research Funding; Janssen: Honoraria; Gilead: Honoraria. Kyrtsonis:Genesis pharma SA: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Takeda: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Amgen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.

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Impact of Race and Geographic Location on Outcomes in Allogeneic Transplant

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2020-140012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 136 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 17-18

Author(s):

Audrey M. Sigmund ◽

Qiuhong Zhao ◽

Justin Jiang ◽

Patrick Elder ◽

Don M. Benson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Board Of Directors ◽

Research Funding ◽

Ohio State University ◽

Cell Transplant ◽

State University ◽

Advisory Committees ◽

Hematopoietic Stem ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Ohio State University ◽

The Impact

Introduction: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HCT) is a potential curative therapy for a variety of both malignant and nonmalignant hematologic disorders. However, allo-HCT is costly and requires highly specialized, technologically advanced care that is only available in select healthcare centers across the country. Due to its cost and limited availability, minority populations are at risk for healthcare disparities in access to and outcomes of allo-HCT. Prior studies have focused on the impact of health disparities, including race, and geographic residence at time of transplant, on allo-HCT outcomes with variable results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of race and location of residence on outcomes of allo-HCT at one major referral institution. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients that underwent allo-HCT at the Ohio State University from 1984 to 2018. The impact of demographic factors including race and place of primary residence were assessed. Patients were divided into race defined as Caucasian, African American (AA), and other. They were also grouped by zip code into rural, suburban, and urban groups. Rural was defined as less than 1000 people per square mile, suburban between 1000-3000 people per square mile, and urban greater than 3000 people per square mile. 2018 population estimates were used. Patients were then stratified into 7 groups based on year (yr) of transplant for analysis. Group (gp) 1 included 1984-1988, gp 2 1989-1993, gp 3 1994-1998, gp 4 1999-2003, gp 5 2004-2008, gp 6 2009-2013, and gp 7 2014-2018. Primary endpoints were progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). PFS and OS were calculated using Kaplan Meier Curves and compared using log-rank test between race and residence groups. Results: A total of 1,943 patients were included in the study. Of these patients, median age at time of transplant was 50 years old (range 18-76), and 59.6% were male. AML/MDS patients made up the majority of the cohort at 46.3%, with the other most common diagnoses being non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (14.2%), acute lymphocytic leukemia (11.8%), and chronic myeloid leukemia (10.1%). Most patients (94.3%) identified as Caucasian, while 4.6% identified as AA, and 1.1% other. The majority of patients lived in a rural area at the time of transplant with 63.4% rural, 22.9% suburban, and 13.8% urban. There was no significant difference in OS or PFS between Caucasian and AA patients (Figure 1A and B; p=0.15, 0.21). Median OS for AA was 1.9 yrs [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.8-3.6] as compared to 2.3 yrs (95% CI: 1.9-2.9) for Caucasians, with 5 -yr OS of 33 vs. 42% and 10-yr OS of 21 vs. 36% for AA and Caucasian, respectively. Median PFS was 0.9 (95% CI: 0.5-2.7) and 1.3 yrs (95% CI 1.1-1.6), with 5 -yr PFS of 30 vs. 37% and 10-yr PFS of 21 vs. 32% for AA and Caucasian, respectively. There also was no significant difference in OS or PFS between rural, urban, and suburban patients (Figure 2A and 2B; p=0.39, 0.17), with median OS in the three groups 2.2 (95%CI: 1.7-2.9), 2.9 (95%CI: 1.6-4.5), and 2.2 (95% CI: 1.6-3.6) yrs, and 5-yr OS of 40 vs. 43 vs. 43% and 10-yr OS of 33 vs. 39 vs. 39%, respectively. Median PFS were 2.2 (95%CI: 1.7-2.9), 2.9 (95%CI: 1.6-4.5), and 2.2 yrs [95% CI: 1.6-3.6], with 5-yr PFS of 36 vs. 40 vs. 38% and 10-yr PFS of 30 vs. 37 vs. 35%, respectively. Conclusion: Our study suggests that once patients undergo allo-HCT, there is no significant difference in outcomes between patients based on race or residence. This finding suggests that while these underserved populations may initially have less access to specialized care for HCT, if they ultimately undergo allo-HCT, outcomes are similar to their counterparts. Our study did show a significantly lower rates of allo-HCT performed in non-Caucasian races (94% Caucasians vs 4.6% AA and 1% other), which may reflect disparities in access to care in these groups as well as a lack of donors. Further research is needed to assess the barriers for these underserved patients to undergo transplant and to help ameliorate these barriers. Disclosures Chaudhry: Sanofi: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Bumma:Amgen: Speakers Bureau; Sanofi: Speakers Bureau. Khan:Amgen: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy. Devarakonda:Janssen: Consultancy. Vasu:Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Omeros: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Kiadis Inc: Other: Kiadis has obtained exclusive licensing requirements from The OHio State University. Jaglowski:Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy, Research Funding; Juno: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding; CRISPR: Consultancy. William:Merck: Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Dova: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding; Guidepoint Global: Consultancy; Kyowa Kirin: Consultancy, Honoraria. Mims:Syndax Pharmaceuticals: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Abbvie: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Kura Oncology: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Leukemia and Lymphoma Society: Other: Senior Medical Director for Beat AML Study; Agios: Consultancy; Novartis: Speakers Bureau; Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Other: Data Safety Monitoring Board. Brammer:Seattle Genetics, Inc.: Speakers Bureau; Celgene Corporation: Research Funding. Efebera:Celgene: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Research Funding; Takeda: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Ohio State University: Current Employment.

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The Effect of Maintenance Therapy Following Salvage Autologous Stem Cell Transplant in Multiple Myeloma Patients

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2018-99-111379 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 3439-3439

Author(s):

Brandon B. Wang ◽

Mark A. Fiala ◽

Mark A. Schroeder ◽

Tanya Wildes ◽

Armin Ghobadi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Maintenance Therapy ◽

Board Of Directors ◽

Research Funding ◽

Stem Cell Transplant ◽

Autologous Stem Cell Transplant ◽

Cell Transplant ◽

Advisory Committees ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background: In the current era, autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) remains an effective form of treatment for patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM), but it is not curative and a relapse is inevitable. A second, or salvage, ASCT provides better outcomes than conventional chemotherapy but it is infrequently used. Maintenance therapy after initial ASCT has been adopted as the standard in the US; however, there is limited data on the effects of maintenance therapy following salvage ASCT and the benefits are still unclear. Methods: We performed retrospective chart review of all patients with MM who received a second, salvage ASCT at time of first relapse at Washington University in St. Louis from 2008 to 2016. We identified two cohorts of patients, those who received maintenance therapy following salvage ASCT and those who did not. Patients who received maintenance therapy post-initial ASCT were excluded as the objective of this study was to determine the impact of maintenance post-salvage ASCT and maintenance post-initial ASCT may confound the results. Results: Sixty-five patients (who underwent second/salvage ASCT) were identified. Three were excluded from the analysis-two had treatment-related mortality following salvage ASCT and one received maintenance other than a proteasome inhibitor (PI) or an immunomodulatory drug (IMID). The maintenance cohort consisted of 31 patients, with 68% (n = 21) males and 32% (n = 10) females; the median age at salvage ASCT was 61 years (range 38-73). The no-maintenance cohort consisted of 31 patients as well with 45% (n = 14) males and 55% (n = 17) females. Their median age at salvage ASCT was 62 years (range 44-74). The characteristics of the two cohorts are summarized in Table 1. Most patients received PIs and/or IMIDs as part of their induction regimens prior to initial ASCT. All received melphalan conditioning. The response to treatment was similar between the two cohorts, with respective CR rates of 68% (n = 21) and 77% (n = 24) and median progression-free survival (PFS) of 46 months compared to 33 months. Following relapse, 16% (n = 5) of patients in the no-maintenance cohort proceeded directly to salvage ASCT without re-induction. All other patients received re-induction, mostly with PIs and/or IMIDs, with a median of 4 cycles for the maintenance cohort and 2 cycles for the no-maintenance cohort. For conditioning prior to salvage ASCT, 4 patients received Velcade-BEAM conditioning as part of a prospective trial at our site (NCT01653418); 3 from the maintenance cohort and 1 from the no-maintenance cohort. The rest received melphalan conditioning. Both cohorts had a CR rate of 52% (n = 16) post-salvage ASCT. Maintenance therapy after salvage ASCT consisted of lenalidomide (74%, n = 23), bortezomib (23%, n = 7), or pomalidomide (3%, n = 1). Three of the patients on bortezomib were originally started on lenalidomide but were switched due to intolerance. At time of data collection, the median follow-up was 49 months (range 9-105) for the maintenance cohort and 61 months (range 19-113) for the no-maintenance cohort. 45% (n = 14) of patients in the maintenance cohort and 90% (n = 28) of the no-maintenance cohort had relapsed. In the maintenance cohort, PFS following salvage ASCT was similar to what was observed following initial ASCT. The median estimated PFS post-salvage ASCT was 53 months (95% CI 42-64) compared to 46 months post initial ASCT (p = 0.144). Conversely, in the no-maintenance cohort PFS following salvage was only about 60% that of initial ASCT (21 months [95% CI 18-24]; compared to 33 months; p = 0.002). Conclusion: These results suggest that maintenance following salvage ASCT is associated with improved outcomes. Although patients who received maintenance post-initial ASCT were excluded, the benefits of maintenance post-salvage ASCT may extend to them as well. Ongoing prospective clinical trials will further clarify these benefits. Disclosures Schroeder: Amgen Inc.: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Wildes:Janssen: Research Funding. Vij:Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Jansson: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Karyopharma: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Amgen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Takeda: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding.

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The Prognostic Significance of Monocytopenia in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2019-127417 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 5427-5427

Author(s):

Panagiotis T Diamantopoulos ◽

Vassiliki Pappa ◽

Nora-Athina Viniou ◽

Ioannis Kotsianidis ◽

Alexandra Kourakli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Board Of Directors ◽

Research Funding ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Prognostic Significance ◽

Prognostic Impact ◽

Advisory Committees ◽

Free Survival ◽

Very High

Background: The currently used prognostic systems for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) do not consider the prognostic role of monocytopenia, although monocytes may participate in the prognosis of the disease as part of the host immunity. Aim: We studied the prognostic significance of monocytopenia in patients with MDS registered in the Hellenic National MDS registry. Methods: We analyzed clinicopathological data from patients with MDS recorded in a large retrospective national registry. Patients with MDS/MPN were excluded, while patients treated with allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation were censored for overall survival (OS) and leukemia-free survival (LFS). IBM SPSS statistics, version 23.0 (IBM Corporation, North Castle, NY, USA) was used for the analysis of the results. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression analysis were performed for LFS and OS. Results: The study comprised 1719 patients with MDS per the 2008 WHO classification for MDS. The main characteristics of the patients are shown in Table 1. At the time of data cut-off, 818 patients were deceased and the median follow-up for the remaining 901 patients was 23.0 months. The median absolute monocyte count (AMC) was 0.30 x 109/L (0.00 - 0.99 x 109/L). Patients with excess blasts (RAEB1/2) tended to have lower AMCs (median 0.19 versus 0.32 for patients without excess blasts, p<0.0001) and lower AMCs were found in higher IPSS-R categories (very low, 0.37 x 109/L; low, 0.30 x 109/L; intermediate, 0.25 x 109/L; high, 0.16 x 109/L; very high, 0.20 x 109/L) while there was a highly significant difference between lower risk (very low and low) and higher risk (intermediate, high, very high) MDS (0.33 x 109/L vs 0.21 x 109/L, p<0.0001). In univariate analysis, patients with AMCs below 0.2 x 109/L had a median OS of 34.0 months vs 63.0 months for patients with higher AMCs (p<0.0001) with a hazard ratio (HR) for death of 1.57 (95% CI 1.37 - 1.81, p<0.0001). In a multivariate Cox regression model including hemoglobin below 10 g/dL, absolute neutrophil count (ANC) below 1.0 x 109/L, and platelet count below 100 x 109/L (all of them being prognostic for OS in univariate analysis), monocytopenia retained its prognostic significance (HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.00 - 1.36, p=0.049). There was a positive correlation between the AMC and the ANC (Pearson Correlation 0.393, p<0.0001). Nevertheless, in a model comprising of AMC and ANC, both variables were independently correlated to OS. Moreover, in a model including AMC below 0.2 x 109/L, the cytogenetic risk score per the IPSS-R, the number of cytopenias, and bone marrow blasts (categorized per the IPSS-R), no additional prognostic impact was found for AMC (HR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.86 - 1.17; p=0.957). After stratification per the IPSS-R categories, low AMC was prognostic for low OS only in patients with low IPSS-R (median OS, 57 months for patients with low AMC vs 75 months for those with high AMC, p=0.039), but there was no additional prognostic impact after multivariate analysis. Moreover, AMC was prognostic for LFS, since patients with low AMCs (<0.2 x109/L) had a median LFS of 57.0 months, while the median LFS for patients with higher AMCs was not reached (HR, 2.47, 95% CI, 2.01 - 2.47, p<0.0001). In a Cox regression model including the above stated factors (cytopenias, bone marrow blasts, cytogenetic risk, and AMC), AMC retained its prognostic significance for LFS (HR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.02 - 1.58; p=0.031). In a subgroup of 162 patients treated with hypomethylating agents (HMAs), monocytopenia was not predictive or response to treatment, but low AMC was correlated to a shorter median progression free survival (27.0 months vs not reached for patients with higher AMC, p=0.001). This correlation was not translated into a survival benefit (survival after HMA initiation, 27.0 vs 28.0 months respectively, log rank p=0.213). Conclusions: Based on a large patient cohort, we found that patients with MDS with excess blasts as well as higher risk patients per the IPSS-R have low AMCs. Moreover, we showed that low AMCs are prognostic of lower OS in univariate analysis and of lower LFS in both univariate and multivariate analysis, highlighting a possible pathogenetic role for AMCs in MDS. Further analysis is needed to define the exact prognostic role of AMC in MDS. Disclosures Pappa: Amgen: Research Funding; Roche: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Celgene / GenesisPharma: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Takeda: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Gilead: Honoraria, Research Funding; Abbvie: Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Kotsianidis:Celgene: Research Funding. Symeonidis:MSD: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Pfizer: Research Funding; Roche: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Sanofi: Research Funding; Tekeda: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Gilead: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Vassilakopoulos:Takeda: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; WinMedica: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Abbvie: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Roche: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene / GenesisPharma: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Amgen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.

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Feasibility and Activity Of Bortezomib-Based Therapy In Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma Previously Treated With Carfilzomib

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v122.21.1994.1994 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 122 (21) ◽

pp. 1994-1994

Author(s):

Arti Alagappan ◽

Rupin A Shah ◽

Sheeba K. Thomas ◽

Donna M. Weber ◽

Michael Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Board Of Directors ◽

Proteasome Inhibitor ◽

Research Funding ◽

Single Agent ◽

Cancer Center ◽

Cell Transplant ◽

Advisory Committees ◽

Refractory Multiple Myeloma ◽

Overall Response

Abstract Introduction Carfilzomib (Car) is a proteasome inhibitor (PI) that was recently approved for the treatment of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. It is indicated for patients (pts) who previously received the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (Bz) and an immunomodulatory drug (thalidomide or lenalidomide (len)) and had disease refractory to the last line of therapy. With the increasing number of therapeutic options, the optimal sequencing strategy of PIs to maximize clinical benefit and patient outcomes is unclear. The objective of our study was to therefore evaluate the activity of Bz after Car exposure. Methods Pts who enrolled and received Carfilzomib-based therapy on clinical trials at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center were screened for subsequent Bz therapy. Carfilzomib was administered as a single agent, or with len/dexamethasone (dex). We evaluated the overall response and tolerability of Bz pre- and post-Car, and to Car-based therapy. Results 16 pts were identified with a mean age of 67 (range 48-85), including 11 women and 5 men. ISS stage was I in 10 pts, stage II in 1, and stage III in 5. Median lines of therapy prior to Car were 3 (1-9), and 11 pts had prior stem cell transplant. Prior to Car-based therapy, 5 pts were Bz naïve, 7 were Bz sensitive, and 4 were Bz intolerant. Among the 16 patients treated with Car as a single agent, or Car in combination with dex (n=1), len/dex (n=12), panobinostat (n=2) and pomalidomide/dex (n=1) the overall response rate (ORR) to Car-based therapy on protocol (≥MR) was 75% (12/16). Among the 16 pts who subsequently received Bz after Car, 4 patients remained sensitive to Car (2/4 were Bz naïve), 5 were intolerant to Car, and 7 were Car refractory (3/7 were Bz naïve). Patients received Bz in combination with various other therapeutics, including cyclophosphamide/dex (n=5), melphalan/dex (n=2), modified-CVAD (n=3), len/dex (n=5), pegylated doxorubicin/dex (n=7) and bendamustine (n=3). The ORR to Bz-based therapy after Car was 81% (13/16). Among the 7 patients who were refractory to Car, 5/7 patients had ≥MR to Bz based therapy, while 2 patients were Bz intolerant due to rash and neutropenia. Among the 13 pts who responded to Bz after Car, 10 patients had received prior Bz. 3/5 pts who were Bz naïve had ≥MR. 4/4 patients who were intolerant to prior Bz had ≥MR, and 6/7 Bz sensitive patients had ≥MR. Discussion Bortezomib-based therapy is feasible after carfilzomib exposure in patients including those who were previously intolerant to bortezomib. The ORR(≥MR) in this patient population to Bz-based therapy was 81%. Disclosures: Thomas: Millenium: Research Funding; Novartis Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Immunomedics: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Onyx: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees. Orlowski:Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Millennium: The Takeda Oncology Company: Honoraria, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Onyx: Honoraria, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Resverlogix: Research Funding; Array Biopharma: Honoraria, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Genentech: Honoraria, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Merck: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees. Shah:Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Array: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding; Millenium: Consultancy, Research Funding; Onyx: Consultancy, Research Funding.

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Clinical and Biological Characteristics and Outcomes of Richter Transformation : A French Multicenter Study from the Filo Group

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2019-128053 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 4112-4112

Author(s):

Charline Moulin ◽

Romain Morizot ◽

Thomas Remen ◽

Hélène Augé ◽

Florian Bouclet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Board Of Directors ◽

Research Funding ◽

Intermediate Risk ◽

Line Treatment ◽

First Line ◽

Advisory Committees ◽

Long Term Survivors ◽

First Line Treatment

Introduction: About 2 to 10% of patients (pts) diagnosed with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) develop diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL, so-called Richter transformation (RT)) over long-term follow-up. The outcomes of pts with RT are variable and poorly understood and there is no consensus on the best therapeutic approach. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical characteristics, outcomes and factors predictive of survival in a large series of RT from the French Innovative Leukemia Organization (FILO). Methods: Biopsy-confirmed RT (limited to DLBCL and excluding Hodgkin lymphoma) diagnosed from 2001 to 2018 were identified from eight FILO centers. Clinical and biological characteristics of CLL and RT at diagnosis, including cytogenetics, clonal relation with the pre-existing CLL, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status, cell of origin (COO) analyzed by immunohistochemistry and RT score (Tsimberidou AM et al, J Clin Oncol, 2006) were analyzed as well as treatment and outcomes. Overall survivals (OS) were defined as time from CLL and RT diagnosis to death from any cause and analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Statistical analyses were performed with SAS version 9.4. Results: A total of 70 CLL pts who developed RT were identified. The median age at CLL diagnosis was 62 years old (range 35-82), and 50 (71.4 %) were male. The median time to transformation was 5.5 years (range 0 to 22 years), with 12 simultaneous diagnosis of CLL and RT. Prior to RT, 20 (29%) pts had not been treated for CLL, 50 received one (n=21) or more (n= 29) line of treatment ; 6 pts had received a novel agent (ibrutinib, idelalisib or venetoclax). The median age at RT diagnosis was 68 years old (range 42-88). All biopsies were centrally reviewed; 38/58 pts (66%) had elevated LDH (>1.5N) ; 35/65 pts (54 %) had bulky disease (≥ 5 cm); 10/54 (18.5%) pts had del(17p) or TP53 mutation ; 9/42 pts (21%) had a complex karyotype (at least 3 abnormalities). The CLL and RT were clonally related in 27/27 (100%) tested pts. COO by Hans algorithm was non germinal center B cell-like (GCB) in 26/28 pts (93%). EBV was positive or detected in 5/40 (12.5%) pts. The median of Ki67 positivity was 70% (range 30% to 100%). The RT score (based at RT diagnosis on ECOG performance status 2-4, LDH >1.5 x normal, platelets<100 x 109/L, tumor size >5 cm and >1 prior therapy for CLL) was : low risk in 17 pts (31%), low-intermediate risk in 10 pts (19%), high-intermediate risk in 14 pts (25%) and high risk in 14 pts (25%). The most common first-line treatment of RT was immunochemotherapy (n=57, 87%) including R-CHOP-like regimen (n=48, 73%). Autologous or allogeneic transplantation was performed for 7 pts (11%). Response to first-line treatment was complete or partial response in 26 pts (40%), and stable disease or progression in 39 pts (60%). After a median follow-up of 8 years, 51/64 pts (80%) have died. The main causes of death were progressive DLBCL (n=36, 71%), infection (n=8, 16%) or progressive CLL (n=2, 4%). The median OS of the cohort from CLL and RT diagnosis (Figure 1) were 7.8 years and 9.5 months, respectively. In univariate analysis, patients with TP53 disruption at CLL stage, low platelets count, elevated LDH, elevated beta2-microglobulin, high ECOG score, high RT score, EBV positivity and absence of response to first-line RT treatment had worse OS. The ECOG score, platelets count and TP53 disruption remain significant in multivariate Cox-regression. Last, we compared the clinical and biological parameters of two Richter groups defined as: (i) short-term survivors (<12 months, n = 34) and (ii) long-term survivors (>48 months, n = 18). Long survival was significantly associated with elevated platelets count, low LDH, low ECOG, low RT score and response to RT first-line treatment. Discussion: The clinical outcomes of RT patients is poor and novel treatment options are needed. However, a group of long-term survivors was identified, characterized by elevated platelets count, low LDH, low ECOG, low RT score and response to immunochemotherapy. Disclosures Leblond: Astra Zeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Gilead: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Abbvie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Amgen: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Thieblemont:Roche: Honoraria, Research Funding; Gilead: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria; Kyte: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; Cellectis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Cymbalista:Janssen: Honoraria; Gilead: Honoraria; AstraZeneca: Honoraria; Sunesis: Research Funding; Roche: Research Funding; Abbvie: Honoraria. Guièze:Abbvie: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria; Gilead: Honoraria; Roche: Honoraria. Broseus:Janssen: Honoraria; Gilead: Honoraria; Novartis: Research Funding. Feugier:gilead: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; abbvie: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; roche: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau.

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Favorable Long-Term Outcomes after Daratumumab Discontinuation in AL Amyloidosis Patients Achieving Deep Responses

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2019-124981 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 1884-1884 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alfred Chung ◽

Gregory P. Kaufman ◽

Surbhi Sidana ◽

David Iberri ◽

Erik Eckhert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Disease Progression ◽

Board Of Directors ◽

Median Duration ◽

Research Funding ◽

Control Group ◽

Al Amyloidosis ◽

Cell Transplant ◽

Advisory Committees ◽

Free Interval ◽

Significant Difference

Daratumumab (DARA) is a CD38-targeted antibody FDA-approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) and its efficacy has recently been demonstrated in the treatment of AL amyloidosis. DARA is conventionally given indefinitely until evidence of disease progression or intolerance for the treatment of MM. In AL amyloidosis, the optimal duration of therapy is not known, and patients may be treated indefinitely on maintenance, extrapolating from MM data. However, the plasma cell burden observed in AL amyloidosis is often lower than in MM, and thus certain patients achieving deep responses may have durable responses with time-limited treatment. Outcomes for patients who are observed after DARA discontinuation are not known. We report the outcomes of patients at our institution who received time-limited DARA. A retrospective analysis of AL amyloidosis patients treated at Stanford University from 2016 to 2019 with DARA monotherapy and dexamethasone for at least 2 months was performed, and patients who subsequently had DARA discontinued for reasons other than disease progression or lack of response were selected for the study. Hematologic responses were assessed by consensus guidelines. Duration on and off therapy were explored, along with time-to-next treatment or death (TTNT), defined as the time from DARA initiation to restarting/switching therapy or death. An exploratory analysis comparing TTNT between the study population and a control cohort who achieved hematologic CR and were maintained on DARA was conducted with the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank testing. 67 patients received at least 2 months of DARA monotherapy and dexamethasone; among these, 15 patients discontinued therapy for reasons other than disease progression and were included. Median age was 66 years old and median lines of prior therapies was 4 (range: 1 - 6). Baseline difference between involved and uninvolved free light chains (dFLC) prior to DARA initiation was 2.6 mg/dL (range: 0 - 16.8 mg/dL). 10 of 15 patients had cardiac involvement with median NT-proBNP of 1982 pg/mL and 9 of 15 patients had renal involvement with median 24-hour proteinuria of 6.2 g and eGFR of 32 mL/min/1.73m2 at DARA initiation. Median duration from starting to stopping DARA was 7.8 months (range: 2 - 21 months). Median duration from achieving best hematologic response to stopping DARA was 3 months (range: 0 - 17 months). Reasons for discontinuation included: patient preference (5), fatigue/body aches (4), infection (2), other active medical comorbidities (3), and lack of perceived further benefit (1). At DARA discontinuation, median dFLC was 0.1 mg/dL (range: 0 - 2.2 mg/dL) and there were 12 hematologic CR, 1 VGPR, 1 PR, and 1 not assessable for response. Outcomes for all 15 patients are shown in Figure 1. The median treatment-free interval was 17.5 months (range: 5 - 34 months); estimated 2-year TTNT-free survival was 83% (95% CI: 61 - 100%). All 14 evaluable patients eventually achieved CR. 3 patients restarted DARA for rising dFLC, and all 3 patients demonstrated response to retreatment (2 achieving CR and 1 near PR with ongoing follow-up). There were 2 deaths. One patient with severe baseline cardiac amyloidosis developed sudden rise in dFLC after treatment-free interval of 21 months; although he rapidly achieved hematologic CR on retreatment, he died of heart failure within 2 months of restarting DARA. The other patient developed therapy-related AML while off therapy and underwent allogenic stem cell transplant but died of leukemia (censored for AL amyloidosis outcomes at transplant). There was no significant difference in the TTNT between the study group and a control group of 16 patients who achieved CR and were on continuous maintenance (Figure 2; p=0.807). AL amyloidosis patients achieving deep responses with DARA can have favorable outcomes after treatment discontinuation, including a long treatment-free interval. Although our sample size is small, the outcomes of these patients appeared comparable to those achieving CR on continuous DARA maintenance, and patients were able to regain responses when retreatment was necessary. These results suggest that DARA may be safely discontinued in patents achieving deep hematologic responses, which has significant implications for quality of life and financial burden of treatment. Future studies evaluating time-limited versus continuous DARA maintenance after achievement of deep responses are warranted. Disclosures Kaufman: Janssen: Other: travel/lodging, Research Funding. Liedtke:Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Takeda: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Prothena: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Pfizer: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; IQVIA/Jazz: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Gilead: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Genentech/Roche: Research Funding; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Celator: Research Funding; Caelum: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; BlueBirdBio: Research Funding; Amgen/Onyx: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Agios: Research Funding; Adaptive: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. OffLabel Disclosure: Daratumumab for treatment of AL amyloidosis

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Patient Characteristics and Outcomes in Adolescents and Young Adults (AYA) with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML): Princess Margaret Cancer Centre Experience

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2019-125449 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 2609-2609

Author(s):

Muhned Alhumaid ◽

Georgina S Daher-Reyes ◽

Wilson Lam ◽

Arjun Law ◽

Tracy Murphy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Board Of Directors ◽

Older Patients ◽

Myeloid Leukemia ◽

Research Funding ◽

Age Groups ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Patient Characteristics ◽

Cancer Center ◽

Advisory Committees ◽

Disease Behavior

Introduction: Clinical outcomes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in adolescents and young adults (AYA) are rarely reported as an isolated subgroup. Treatments vary little across age groups, and treatment intensity depends upon comorbid conditions and performance status. Optimal treatment strategies focused on disease behavior, biological factors, and the distinct needs of this subset of AML patients remain elusive. The purpose of this retrospective analysis is to determine the characteristics and outcomes of AYA AML patients treated at a specialized adult leukemia cancer center in comparison to older adults with AML (40-60 years). Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on all patients treated at Princess Margaret Cancer Center from 2008-2018. Patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia were excluded. Clinical characteristics, treatment strategies, and survival outcomes were recorded for all patients. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier product-limit method and the impact of covariates were assessed using the Log-rank test. Finally, we compared the outcomes of AYA patients treated at our centre between 2015-2018 with older patients. Results: A total of 175 patients aged 18-39 were identified. Patient characteristics are shown in (Table 1). Cytogenetic were available in 163 patients. Based on MRC criteria, 27 (16%) were favorable risk, intermediate in 95 (54%), adverse in 39 (22%), and missing/failed in 14(8%). NPM1 status was available in 110 patients of whom 38 (35%) were positive. FLT3-ITD was available in 67 patients with 24 (36%) positive. Both mutations were present in 13 (54%) patients. There were no significant differences in terms of risk stratification based on cytogenetic and molecular markers based on age (18-29 vs.30-39) (P= 0.98). Most patients 172 (98%) received induction, 157 (91%) with 3+7, and 15 (9%) with FLAG-IDA. Complete remission (CR) was achieved in 133 (77%) after first induction [120 (76%) after 3+7 and 11 (73%) after FLAG-IDA]. Induction related mortality was low (2%). Of the 39 who did not achieve CR, thirty-four patients received re-induction (13 FLAG-IDA, 16 NOVE-HiDAC, 5 others) with CR in 21 (62%). Overall, 154 (89.5%) achieved CR1. Sixty-four (42%) proceeded to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in CR1. 59 (38%) patients relapsed in CR1 with 8 (12%) relapsing post HSCT. Fifty-five (5 post HSCT) patients received reinduction with 30 (51%) (2 after HSCT) achieving CR2. Fifteen patients received HSCT in CR2. OS and DFS at 2 years were 62% (95% CI 0.53-0.69) and 50% (95% CI 0.41-0.57), respectively. Stratified by cytogenetic risk, OS was 81% for favorable risk, 61% for intermediate, and 50% for adverse risk (P=0.0001), respectively. DFS in these groups was 85%, 57%, and 46 % (P=0.0025), respectively. We further compared outcomes in the 18-29y and 30-39y age groups. The OS was 61.9% compared to 62.5% (P=0.91) and DFS of 52.1% compared to 47% (P=0.65) respectively. On univariate analysis for OS and DFS, cytogenetic risk stratification was the only significant variable (P=0.0004 and P=0.0042). We then compared the outcomes 67 sequential patients aged I8-39 treated from 2014-2018, with those of 176 sequential patients aged 40-60 treated during the same period (table 2). OS at 2 years was not statistically higher in the younger group compared to the older group (66.7% vs. 61.2%, P=0.372). While relapse rate was lower in older patients (15.5% vs. 22.6%, P=0.093), NRM was higher in older patients (29.7% vs. 18.8%,P=0.094). Conclusion: AYA pts. occupy a unique niche amongst AML as a whole. While treatment responses have improved in general, there may be potential for further gains in these patients. Increased tolerance for more intense treatment strategies as well as the incorporation of novel agents into standard treatment protocols may provide a means to optimize care in AYA patients. Finally, research is needed to elucidate biological mechanisms and predictors of disease behavior instead of arbitrary, age-stratified treatment schema. Disclosures McNamara: Novartis Pharmaceutical Canada Inc.: Consultancy. Schimmer:Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Medivir Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding; Novartis Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Otsuka Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy. Schuh:Astellas: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; AbbVie: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Pfizer: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Teva Canada Innovation: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Amgen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Agios: Honoraria; Jazz: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Maze:Pfizer Inc: Consultancy; Novartis: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Yee:Astellas: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Millennium: Research Funding; Takeda: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Astex: Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Merck: Research Funding; Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; MedImmune: Research Funding; Pfizer: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Hoffman La Roche: Research Funding. Minden:Trillium Therapetuics: Other: licensing agreement. Gupta:Incyte: Honoraria, Research Funding; Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Sierra Oncology: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.

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A Phase I Trial of Janus Kinase (JAK) Inhibition with INCB039110 in Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease (aGVHD)

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v128.22.390.390 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 128 (22) ◽

pp. 390-390 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Mark A. Schroeder ◽

H. Jean Khoury ◽

Madan Jagasia ◽

Haris Ali ◽

Gary J. Schiller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Board Of Directors ◽

Research Funding ◽

Janus Kinase ◽

Cell Transplant ◽

Employment Equity ◽

Advisory Committees ◽

Daily Dose ◽

Equity Ownership ◽

Grade 3 ◽

Steroid Refractory

Abstract Background: Corticosteroids are considered standard first-line systemic therapy for patients with aGVHD, but this approach is effective in only approximately half of all cases. For patients who progress or do not respond to corticosteroids, no specific agent has been identified as standard, and regimens are typically selected based on investigator experience and patient co-morbidities. In preclinical models, JAK inhibition has been shown to impair production of cytokines as well as the differentiation and trafficking of T cells implicated in the pathogenesis of aGVHD. Retrospective studies have suggested that JAK1/JAK2 inhibition with ruxolitinib treatment provides clinical benefit in patients with steroid-refractory GVHD (Zeiser et al, Leukemia 2015;29:2062-2068). Herein, we report preliminary safety results from a prospective randomized, parallel-cohort, open-label phase 1 trial evaluating the potent and selective JAK 1 inhibitor INCB039110 in patients with aGVHD. Methods: Male or female patients 18 years or older who underwent their first allo-hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) from any donor source and developed grades IIB-IVD aGVHD were eligible for the study. Patients were randomized 1:1 to either a 200 or 300 mg oral daily dose of INCB039110 in combination with corticosteroids, and were stratified based on prior treatment status (treatment-naive [TN] versus steroid-refractory [SR]). The primary endpoint of the study was safety and tolerability; secondary endpoints included overall response rate at Days 14, 28, 56, and 100, non-relapse mortality, and pharmacokinetic (PK) evaluations. Patients were assessed through Day 28 for dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) and response. A Bayesian approach was used for continuous monitoring of DLTs from Days 1-28. Treatment continued until GVHD progression, unacceptable toxicity, or withdrawal from the study. Acute GVHD was graded according to MN-CIBMTR criteria; adverse events (AEs) were graded according to NCICTCAE v 4.03. Results: Between January and June 2016, 31 patients (TN, n=14; SR, n= 17) were randomized. As of July 25, 2016, data were available from 30 patients who received an oral daily dose of 200 mg (n=14) or 300 mg (n=16) INCB039110 in combination with 2 mg/kg methylprednisolone (or equivalent dose of prednisone). The median durations of treatment were 60.8 days and 56.5 days for patients receiving a daily dose of 200 mg and 300 mg INCB039110, respectively. One DLT of Grade 3 thrombocytopenia was reported. The most frequently reported AEs included thrombocytopenia/platelet count decrease (26.7%), diarrhea (23.3%), peripheral edema (20%), fatigue (16.7%), and hyperglycemia (16.7%). Grade 3 or 4 AEs occurred in 77% of patients and with similar frequency across dose groups and included cytomegalovirus infections (n=3), gastrointestinal hemorrhage (n=3), and sepsis (n=3). Five patients had AEs leading to a fatal outcome, including multi-organ failure (n=2), sepsis (n=1), disease progression (n=1), and bibasilar atelectasis, cardiopulmonary arrest, and respiratory distress (n=1); none of the fatal events was attributed to INCB039110. Efficacy and PK evaluations are ongoing and will be updated at the time of presentation. Conclusion: The oral, selective JAK1 inhibitor INCB039110 can be given safely to steroid-naive or steroid-refractory aGVHD patients. The safety profile was generally consistent in both dose groups. Biomarker evaluation, PK, and cellular phenotyping studies are ongoing. The recommended phase 2 dose will be selected and reported based on PK studies and final safety data. Disclosures Schroeder: Incyte Corporation: Honoraria, Research Funding. Khoury:Incyte Corporation: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Jagasia:Incyte Corporation: Research Funding; Therakos: Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding. Ali:Incyte Corporation: Research Funding. Schiller:Incyte Corporation: Research Funding. Arbushites:Incyte Corporation: Employment, Equity Ownership. Delaite:Incyte Corporation: Employment, Equity Ownership. Yan:Incyte Corporation: Employment, Equity Ownership. Rhein:Incyte Corporation: Employment, Equity Ownership. Perales:Merck: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Incyte Corporation: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Chen:Incyte Corporation: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding. DiPersio:Incyte Corporation: Research Funding.

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Multicenter Analysis of Treatment and Outcomes for Patient with TP53 Mutated AML in the Era of Novel Therapies; Significant Impact of Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation on Survival

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2021-147639 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 138 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 797-797

Author(s):

Talha Badar ◽

Mark R. Litzow ◽

Rory M. Shallis ◽

Jan Philipp Bewersdorf ◽

Antoine Saliba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

High Risk ◽

Stem Cell Transplantation ◽

Board Of Directors ◽

Research Funding ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Advisory Board ◽

Novel Therapies ◽

Advisory Committees ◽

Tp53 Mutations

Abstract Background: TP53 mutations occur in 10-20% of patients with AML, constitute high-risk disease as per ELN criteria, and confer poorer prognosis. Venetoclax combination therapies and CPX-351 were recently approved for AML treatment and lead to improved outcomes in subsets of high-risk AML, however the most effective approach for treatment of TP53-mutated (m) AML remains unclear. In this study we explored the clinical outcome of TP53m AML patients treated over the last 8 years as novel therapies have been introduced to our therapeutic armamentarium. Methods: We conducted a multicenter observational study in collaboration with 4 U.S. academic centers and analyzed clinical characteristics and outcome of 174 TP53m AML patients diagnosed between March 2013 and February 2021. Mutation analysis was performed on bone marrow specimens using 42, 49, 199, or 400 gene targeted next generation sequencing (NGS) panels. Patients with an initial diagnosis of AML were divided into 4 groups (GP) based on the progressive use of novel therapies in clinical trials and their approvals as AML induction therapy during different time periods: 2013-2017 (GP1, n= 37), 2018-2019 (GP2, n= 53), 2019-2020 (GP3, n= 48) and 2020-2021 (GP4, n= 36) to analyze difference in outcome. Results: Baseline characteristics were not significantly different across different GP, as shown in Table 1. Median age of patients was 68 (range [R], 18-83), 65 (R, 29-88), 69 (R, 37-90) and 70 (R, 51-97) years in GP1-4, respectively (p=0.40). The percentage of patients with de novo AML/secondary AML/therapy-related AML in GP1-4 was 40/40/20, 36/29/24, 37.5/37.5/25 and 28/52/20, respectively (p=0.82). The proportion of patients with complex cytogenetics (CG) was 92%, 89%, 96% and 94% in GP1-4, respectively (p=0.54). The median TP53m variant allele frequency (VAF) was 48% (range [R], 5-94), 42% (R, 5-91), 45% (R, 10-94) and 60% (R, 8-82) in GP1-4, respectively (p=0.38). Four (11%), 13 (24.5%), 10 (21%) and 9 (25%) patients had multiple TP53 mutations in GP1-4, respectively (p=0.33). The proportion of patients who received 3+7 (30%, 16%, 6% & 8%; p=0.01), HMA only (11%, 18%, 2% & 8%; p=0.06), venetoclax-based (2.5%, 12%, 48%, & 61%; p <0.01) and CPX-351 induction (16%, 40%, 28% & 5%; p<0.001) were varied in GP1-4, respectively. The rate of CR/CRi was 22%, 26%, 28% and 18% in GP1-4, respectively (p=0.63). Treatment related mortality during induction was observed in 3%, 7%, 10% and 17% of patients in GP1-4, respectively (p=0.18). Overall, 28 (16%) patients received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHCT) after induction/consolidation: 22%, 15%, 17% and 11% in GP1-4, respectively (p=0.67). In subset analysis, there was no difference in the rate of CR/CRi with venetoclax-based regimens vs. others (39% vs 61%, p=0.18) or with CPX-351 vs. others (25% vs 75%, p=0.84). The median progression-free survival was 7.7, 7.0, 5.1 and 6.6 months in GP1-4, respectively (p=0.60, Fig 1A). The median overall survival (OS) was 9.4, 6.1, 4.0 and 8.0 months in GP1-4, respectively (p=0.29, Fig 1B). In univariate analysis for OS, achievement of CR/CRi (p<0.001) and alloHCT in CR1 (p<0.001) associated with favorable outcome, whereas complex CG (p=0.01) and primary refractory disease (p<0.001) associated with poor outcome. Multiple TP53 mutations (p=0.73), concurrent ASXL1m (p=0.86), extra-medullary disease (p=0.92), ≥ 3 non-TP53m mutations (p=0.72), TP53m VAF ≥ 40% vs. < 40% (p=0.25), induction with CPX-351 vs. others (p=0.59) or venetoclax-based regimen vs. others (p=0.14) did not show significance for favorable or poor OS in univariate analysis. In multivariable analysis, alloHCT in CR1 (hazard ratio [HR]=0.28, 95% CI: 0.15-0.53; p=0.001) retained an association with favorable OS and complex CG (HR 4.23, 95%CI: 1.79-10.0; p=0.001) retained an association with dismal OS. Conclusion: We present the largest experience with TP53m AML patients analyzed by NGS. Although outcomes were almost universally dismal, alloHCT appears to improve the long-term survival in a subset of these patients. Effective therapies are warranted to successfully bridge patients to alloHCT and to prolong survival for transplant ineligible patients. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Badar: Pfizer Hematology-Oncology: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Litzow: Omeros: Other: Advisory Board; Pluristem: Research Funding; Actinium: Research Funding; Amgen: Research Funding; Jazz: Other: Advisory Board; AbbVie: Research Funding; Astellas: Research Funding; Biosight: Other: Data monitoring committee. Shallis: Curis: Divested equity in a private or publicly-traded company in the past 24 months. Goldberg: Celularity: Research Funding; Astellas: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Aprea: Research Funding; Arog: Research Funding; DAVA Oncology: Honoraria; Genentech: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Pfizer: Research Funding; Prelude Therapeutics: Research Funding; Aptose: Consultancy, Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Atallah: BMS: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Takeda: Consultancy, Research Funding; Amgen: Consultancy; Abbvie: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy, Research Funding. Foran: revolution medicine: Honoraria; gamida: Honoraria; bms: Honoraria; pfizer: Honoraria; novartis: Honoraria; takeda: Research Funding; kura: Research Funding; h3bioscience: Research Funding; OncLive: Honoraria; servier: Honoraria; aptose: Research Funding; actinium: Research Funding; abbvie: Research Funding; trillium: Research Funding; sanofi aventis: Honoraria; certara: Honoraria; syros: Honoraria; taiho: Honoraria; boehringer ingelheim: Research Funding; aprea: Research Funding; sellas: Research Funding; stemline: Research Funding.

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