Prognostic Value of Immunophenotype Analysis in Patients with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) Treated with All-Transretinoic Acid and Anthracyclin Monochemotherapy.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 2345-2345
Author(s):  
Pau Montesinos ◽  
Concepcion Rivas ◽  
Consuelo Rayon ◽  
Edo Vellenga ◽  
Javier de la Serna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Antigens ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Cell Surface Markers ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
Hla Dr ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction: The prognostic significance of the expression pattern of certain cell surface markers in APL is controversial. Objectives: Analyse the impact of the expression of certain cell surface markers on complete remission rate (CR), overall survival (OS) and relapse free survival (RFS) in patients with APL included in multicenter trials PETHEMA LPA96 y LPA99. Material and methods: Between 1996 and 2005, 734 patients were included in these 2 consecutive trials. Induction therapy consisted of ATRA and idarubicin, followed by three consolidation courses of anthracycline monochemotherapy with or without ATRA and followed by maintenance. Bone marrow immunophenotype analysis was performed at local or reference laboratories. Positivity was defined as more than 20% blasts expressing a specific antigen for the following antigens: CD34 (527 patients), CD33 (521), CD15 (520), CD13 (513), HLA-DR (495), CD2 (443), CD19 (433), CD7 (403), CD117 (395), CD56 (392), y CD11b (335). We performed univariate analysis to establish the impact of antigen positivity on CR rate, OS and RFS. Significant values were included in the multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 664 patients (90%) achieved CR. The following variables were associated with decreased CR rate: WBC > 10x109/L, serum level creatinine > 1.4 mg/dl, age > 60 years, ECOG > 1, M3v and male gender. None of the cell surface antigens were significantly associated with CR rate. WBC, creatinine, age and gender were found to be independent prognostic factors for CR. Median follow up was 55 months. OS at 8 years was inferior in those patients with WBC > 10x109/L (67% vs 85%, p < 0.01), M3v (70% vs 83%, p < 0.01), age > 60 (56% vs 86%, p < 0.01), male gender (78% vs 83%, p=0.03), LPA96 trial (74% vs 84%, p=0.01) and CD2+ (76% vs 84%, p=0.04). Age, WBC and gender were independent factors for OS. RFS was inferior in those patients with WBC > 10x109/L (69% vs 93%, p < 0.01), high vs intermediate vs low risk (69% vs 91% vs 95%, p < 0.01), M3v (76% vs 88%, p < 0.01), BCR2 vs BCR3 vs BCR1 transcript (71% vs 81% vs 89%, p < 0.01), male gender (83% vs 90%, p=0.03), LPA96 trial (82% vs 87%, p=0.02) and CD2+ (75% vs 91%, p < 0.01). The risk of relapse category was the only independent factor for RFS. CD2+ APL (115/443 patients) was significantly associated with WBC > 10x109/L, M3v, BCR3, CD34+, CD56+, CD7+, and HLA-DR negative. Conclusion: Of all the cell surface antigens analysed, only expression of CD2 was associated with an lower OS and RFS, due to its association with WBC > 10x109/L. In patients taking part in PETHEMA trials, immunophenotype analysis at presentation does not give additional prognostic impact from the previously established risk factors.

scholarly journals Flow Cytometric Analysis of T, B, and NK Cells Antigens in Patients with Mycosis Fungoides

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serkan Yazıcı ◽  
Emel Bülbül Başkan ◽  
Ferah Budak ◽  
Barbaros Oral ◽  
Şaduman Balaban Adim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Mycosis Fungoides ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Surface Antigens ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Hla Dr ◽  
The Mean

We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological correlation and prognostic value of cell surface antigens expressed by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with mycosis fungoides (MF). 121 consecutive MF patients were included in this study. All patients had peripheral blood flow cytometry as part of their first visit. TNMB and histopathological staging of the cases were retrospectively performed in accordance with International Society for Cutaneous Lymphomas/European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer (ISCL/EORTC) criteria at the time of flow cytometry sampling. To determine prognostic value of cell surface antigens, cases were divided into two groups as stable and progressive disease. 17 flow cytometric analyses of 17 parapsoriasis (PP) and 11 analyses of 11 benign erythrodermic patients were included as control groups. Fluorescent labeled monoclonal antibodies were used to detect cell surface antigens: T cells (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, TCRαβ+, TCRγδ+, CD7+, CD4+CD7+, CD4+CD7−, and CD71+), B cells (HLA-DR+, CD19+, and HLA-DR+CD19+), NKT cells (CD3+CD16+CD56+), and NK cells (CD3−CD16+CD56+). The mean value of all cell surface antigens was not statistically significant between parapsoriasis and MF groups. Along with an increase in cases of MF stage statistically significant difference was found between the mean values of cell surface antigens. Flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood cell surface antigens in patients with mycosis fungoides may contribute to predicting disease stage and progression.

scholarly journals Phenotype Characterization of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cell by Flow Cytometry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celeste Limoli ◽  
Paolo Giuseppe Limoli ◽  
Marcella Nebbioso
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Surface Markers ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cell

Background: Developing an efficient and standardized method to isolate and characterize adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) from the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of the adipose tissue for clinical application represents one of the major challenges in cell therapy and tissue engineering. Methods: In this study, we proposed an innovative, non-enzymatic protocol to collect clinically useful ASCs within freshly isolated SVF from adipose tissue by centrifugation of the infranatant portion of lipoaspirate and to determine the characteristic cytofluorimetric pattern, prior to in vitro culture. Results: The SVF yielded a mean of 73,32 \pm\ 10,89% cell viability evaluated with CALCEINA-FITC, i.e. cell-permeant dye. The ASCs were positive for PC7-labeled mAb anti-CD34 and negative for both PE-labeled mAb anti-CD31 and APC-labeled mAb anti-CD45. The frequency of ASCs estimated according to the panel of cell surface markers used was 51,06%\ \pm 5,26% versus the unstained ASCs subpopulation that was 0,74%\pm0,84% (P&lt;0.0001). The ASCs events/\muL were 1602,13/\muL \pm 731,87/\muL. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that ASCs found in freshly isolated adipose SVF obtained by centrifugation of lipoaspirate can be immunophenotypically identified with a basic panel of cell surface markers. These findings aimed to provide standardization and contribute to reducing the inconsistency on reported cell surface antigens of ASC derived from the existing literature.

scholarly journals Immunologic classification of lymphocytic leukemias based on monoclonal antibody-defined cell surface antigens

Blood ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-215
Author(s):  
RW Schroff ◽  
KA Foon ◽  
RJ Billing ◽  
JL Fahey
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Surface Antigens ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
Prolymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Hla Dr

A panel of monoclonal antibodies reactive with normal lymphocyte subsets was used to classify cases of lymphocytic leukemia on the basis of cell surface antigen expression. The antibodies employed were commercially available and included a common framework HLA-DR antibody, two pan-T antibodies (Leu-1 and OKT-3), and antibodies defining cytotoxic/suppressor (Leu-2 and OKT-8) and helper/inducer (Leu-3 and OKT-4) subpopulations of normal T lymphocytes. Cases of ALL could be subgrouped into non-T non-B, pre-T and T-ALL on the basis of reactivity with HLA-DR, Leu-1, and OKT-3 antibodies. Leukemic cells from patients with T-cell CLL could be divided into Leu-2/OKT-8 reactive and Leu- 3/OKT-4 reactive subpopulations, as well as a subgroup in which the majority of cells were unreactive with either of these antibodies. With the exception of one individual, all Sezary cell leukemias expressed a phenotypic pattern similar to that of the Leu-3 subgroup of T-CLL. Malignancies of B-cell lineage (B-CLL, prolymphocytic leukemia, and lymphosarcoma) that were examined were reactive with both the HLA-DR and Leu-1 antibodies. On the contrary, normal B lymphocytes and lymphoid cell lines of B-cell origin did not express surface antigens recognized by the Leu-1 antibody.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Cell Surface Markers and Targets in Leukemic Stem Cells (LSC) Reveals Distinct Expression Profiles, Unique Drug Effects, and Specific Checkpoint Regulation in AML LSC and CML LSC

Blood ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (22) ◽  
pp. 4234-4234
Author(s):  
Irina Sadovnik ◽  
Harald Herrmann ◽  
Katharina Blatt ◽  
Gregor Eisenwort ◽  
Niklas Mueller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Surface Antigens ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Cell Surface Markers ◽  
Leukemic Stem Cells ◽  
Mdr 1

Abstract In an attempt to identify novel cell surface markers and targets in leukemic stem cells (LSC) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), we screened bone marrow (BM) samples of patients with AML (n=257), CML (n=134), and controls (n=256: other BM neoplasms, n=116; normal/reactive BM, n=29; idiopathic cytopenia, n=31; lymphoma patients without BM involvement, n=80) for expression of cell surface markers and targets on CD34+/CD38− stem cells and CD34+/CD38+ progenitor cells (PC) by multi-color flow cytometry. In addition, we examined mRNA expression profiles in highly purified CD34+/CD38− stem cells and CD34+/CD38+ PC by gene array- and qPCR analyses. Aberrant LSC expression profiles were identified in all patients examined. In patients with CML, CD34+/CD38− LSC expressed an almost invariable aberration profile defined as CD25+/CD26+/CD56+/IL-1RAP+. By contrast, in patients with AML, CD34+/CD38− cells variably displayed aberrant surface antigens, including CD25 (55%), CD96 (35%), CD371 (CLL-1) (75%), and IL-1RAP (60%). With the exception of a subset of FLT3 ITD+ patients (45% of all FLT3-mutated cases), AML LSC did not exhibit CD26. All other markers and targets identified on AML and/or CML LSC, including CD9, CD33, CD44, CD47, CD52, CD105, CD114, CD117, CD133, CD135, CD184, neural proliferation and differentiation control-1 antigen (NPDC1), and roundabout-4 (ROBO4), were also detectable on normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). However, several surface-targets, including CD33 and CD52, were expressed at higher levels on CD34+/CD38− LSC compared to normal HSC, and antibody-mediated targeting resulted in their selective depletion and in a significantly reduced engraftment of LSC in NSG mice. Since certain surface antigens, like CD47 (IAP), CD243 (MDR1), and CD274 (PD-L1) may contribute to intrinsic drug resistance of LSC, we also examined the expression of these antigens in AML and CML LSC. Regardless of the type of leukemia, LSC were found to express CD47 in all patients examined. MDR-1 was found to be expressed on LSC in 11/39 patients with AML (28%) and 2/22 patients with CML (9%). PD-L1 was not detectable on LSC in untreated BM samples. Exposure of LSC to interferon-gamma (IFN-G, 100 U/ml, 48 hours) resulted in expression of PD-L1 on LSC in all patients with Ph+ CML (control: 100%; IFN-G: 183±40%, p<0.05). Unexpectedly, however, IFN-G was found to induce PD-L1 expression in only 1 out of 11 AML patients tested. IFN-G showed no effects on expression of CD47 or MDR-1 in LSC. We next examined the potential mechanisms of IFN-G-mediated expression of PD-L1 on LSC and screened for drugs capable of counteracting the expression of this resistance-inducing checkpoint molecule. Of all targeted drugs examined (n=10) only the BRD4/MYC inhibitor JQ1 was identified as a regulator of IFN-G-induced PD-L1 expression on CML LSC. In particular, JQ1 (2.5 µM, 48 hours) was found to suppress IFN-G-induced (100 U/ml, 48 hours) upregulation of PD-L1 in primary CML LSC in all donors tested (IFN-G: 183±40% versus IFN-G+JQ1: 136±27% of control) suggesting that checkpoint expression in LSC is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms and MYC activity. Together, we have established cell surface marker- and target expression profiles in CD34+/CD38− AML LSC and CML LSC which should facilitate their enrichment and may support the development of LSC-eradicating treatment concepts. In addition, the unique expression profiles of LSC should provide a powerful basis for diagnostic LSC phenotyping in patients with CML and AML. Disclosures Hoermann: Novartis: Honoraria; Gilead: Research Funding; Ariad: Honoraria; Amgen: Honoraria. Sperr:Amgen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria. Valent:Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding; Deciphera Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding; Ariad: Honoraria, Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding; Amgen: Honoraria.

Cell Surface Targets for Monoclonal Antibody Therapy in Lymphoid Neoplasms of Children and Adolescents.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 4544-4544
Author(s):  
Mark Lones ◽  
Ivan Kirov
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Burkitt Lymphoma ◽  
Antibody Therapy ◽  
Surface Antigens ◽  
Monoclonal Antibody Therapy ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
Lymphoid Neoplasms ◽  
Hla Dr

Abstract Recently, monoclonal antibodies have become available for treatment of lymphoid neoplasms in adults, but have not been studied in children and adolescents. These monoclonal antibodies are directed against cell surface antigens CD20 (Rituximab, Ibritumomab-Tiuxetan, Tositumomab), CD22 (Epratuzumab), CD52 (CAMPATH-1H), HLA-DR Beta-chain (Hu1D10), CD23 (IDEC-152), and CD33 (Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin). The objective of this study is to identify cell surface targets eligible for monoclonal antibody therapy in lymphoid neoplasms of children and adolescents. This is a retrospective analysis of lymphoid neoplasms evaluated by flow cytometry immunophenotyping at a single institution from January 2002 to July 2004. All patients were less than 21 years old at primary diagnosis. Flow cytometry immunophenotyping employed a 3-color method. Fluorochrome-conjugated monoclonal antibodies were utilized to detect cell surface antigens: CD20, CD22, CD23 (Becton-Dickinson), and CD52 (CALTAG) conjugated with PE; HLA-DR and CD33 (Becton-Dickinson) conjugated with FITC. For this study, a cell surface antigen was interpreted as positive when neoplastic cells exhibited moderate or bright intensity staining, or interpreted as negative when staining was dim or absent. A total of 95 patients are included in this study. Demographic data: Age &lt;1 to 20 years (median 7); Male=52, Female=43. Diagnoses included: Precursor-B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (Pre-B ALL) = 80, Precursor-T Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia or Precursor-T Lymphoblastic Lymphoma (Pre-T ALL/LBL) = 11, Burkitt Lymphoma = 4. Total specimens = 105 (primary diagnosis = 82, relapse = 23). Immunophenotyping results for the number of specimens tested are in the Table. Table 1 Diagnosis CD20 CD22 CD52 HLA-DR CD23 CD33 Pre-B ALL 32/86 (37%) 90/90 (100%) 53/57 (93%) 87/87 (100%) 0/15 (0%) 4/90 (4%) Pre-T ALL/LBL 0/11 (0%) 0/11 (0%) 9/10 (90%) 2/11 (18%) 0/5 (0%) 0/11 (0%) Burkitt Lymphoma 4/4 (100%) 4/4 (100%) 3/3 (100%) 3/3 (100%) 0/2 (0%) 0/3 (0%) CD22 was positive (usually bright intensity) in all Pre-B ALL and Burkitt Lymphoma specimens. CD20 was positive in all Burkitt Lymphoma (bright intensity) and in a subset of Pre-B ALL (usually moderate intensity) specimens. CD22 and CD20 were negative in Pre-T ALL/LBL specimens. In a subset, CD52 was positive (moderate to bright intensity) in nearly all specimens. HLA-DR was positive (moderate to bright intensity) in all Pre-B ALL and Burkitt Lymphoma specimens. In a subset, CD23 was negative in all specimens. Also, CD33 was negative in nearly all specimens. In conclusion, lymphoid neoplasms in children and adolescents have cell surface antigens that are eligible targets for currently available monoclonal antibody therapy. Patients with Pre-B ALL are candidates for therapy directed to CD22, CD52, HLA-DR, and a subset to CD20, but not to CD23 or CD33. Patients with Burkitt Lymphoma are eligible for therapy to CD20, CD22, CD52, and HLA-DR, but not CD23 or CD33. Patients with Pre-T ALL/LBL are eligible for therapy to CD52, but not CD20, CD22, HLA-DR, CD23 or CD33. These results indicate that future clinical therapeutic trials can be designed for children and adolescents with lymphoid neoplasms to evaluate monoclonal antibody therapy directed to CD20, CD22, CD52, or HLA-DR, employing single or multiple antibodies as a new modality, in addition to chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Immunologic classification of lymphocytic leukemias based on monoclonal antibody-defined cell surface antigens

Blood ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
RW Schroff ◽  
KA Foon ◽  
RJ Billing ◽  
JL Fahey
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Surface Antigens ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
Prolymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Hla Dr

Abstract A panel of monoclonal antibodies reactive with normal lymphocyte subsets was used to classify cases of lymphocytic leukemia on the basis of cell surface antigen expression. The antibodies employed were commercially available and included a common framework HLA-DR antibody, two pan-T antibodies (Leu-1 and OKT-3), and antibodies defining cytotoxic/suppressor (Leu-2 and OKT-8) and helper/inducer (Leu-3 and OKT-4) subpopulations of normal T lymphocytes. Cases of ALL could be subgrouped into non-T non-B, pre-T and T-ALL on the basis of reactivity with HLA-DR, Leu-1, and OKT-3 antibodies. Leukemic cells from patients with T-cell CLL could be divided into Leu-2/OKT-8 reactive and Leu- 3/OKT-4 reactive subpopulations, as well as a subgroup in which the majority of cells were unreactive with either of these antibodies. With the exception of one individual, all Sezary cell leukemias expressed a phenotypic pattern similar to that of the Leu-3 subgroup of T-CLL. Malignancies of B-cell lineage (B-CLL, prolymphocytic leukemia, and lymphosarcoma) that were examined were reactive with both the HLA-DR and Leu-1 antibodies. On the contrary, normal B lymphocytes and lymphoid cell lines of B-cell origin did not express surface antigens recognized by the Leu-1 antibody.

scholarly journals Systemic surfaceome profiling identifies target antigens for immune-based therapy in subtypes of advanced prostate cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (19) ◽  
pp. E4473-E4482 ◽  
Author(s):  
John K. Lee ◽  
Nathanael J. Bangayan ◽  
Timothy Chai ◽  
Bryan A. Smith ◽  
Tiffany E. Pariva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Cell Surface Markers ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
Cancer Subtypes

Prostate cancer is a heterogeneous disease composed of divergent molecular and histologic subtypes, including prostate adenocarcinoma (PrAd) and neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). While PrAd is the major histology in prostate cancer, NEPC can evolve from PrAd as a mechanism of treatment resistance that involves a transition from an epithelial to a neurosecretory cancer phenotype. Cell surface markers are often associated with specific cell lineages and differentiation states in normal development and cancer. Here, we show that PrAd and NEPC can be broadly discriminated by cell-surface profiles based on the analysis of prostate cancer gene expression datasets. To overcome a dependence on predictions of human cell-surface genes and an assumed correlation between mRNA levels and protein expression, we integrated transcriptomic and cell-surface proteomic data generated from a panel of prostate cancer cell lines to nominate cell-surface markers associated with these cancer subtypes. FXYD3 and CEACAM5 were validated as cell-surface antigens enriched in PrAd and NEPC, respectively. Given the lack of effective treatments for NEPC, CEACAM5 appeared to be a promising target for cell-based immunotherapy. As a proof of concept, engineered chimeric antigen receptor T cells targeting CEACAM5 induced antigen-specific cytotoxicity in NEPC cell lines. Our findings demonstrate that the surfaceomes of PrAd and NEPC reflect unique cancer differentiation states and broadly represent vulnerabilities amenable to therapeutic targeting.

HLA-D and -DR antigens on human amniotic fluid cells. II. Heterogeneous expression of HLA-DR and other cell surface markers

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
GERLINDE KREEB ◽  
ELIZABETH VALENTINE-THON ◽  
KRISTINE KRUMBACHER ◽  
HANS GROSSE-WILDE ◽  
EBERHARD PASSARGE
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Cell Surface Markers ◽  
Human Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Hla Dr ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Cells ◽  
Heterogeneous Expression

Prognostic Value of Immunophenotype in Patients with Non-Promyelocytic Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treated with Intensive Chemotherapy. A Single Centre Study.

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 2391-2391
Author(s):  
Pau Montesinos ◽  
Amparo Sempere ◽  
Federico Gomis ◽  
Jose Cervera ◽  
Mariluz Perez-Sirvent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Cell Surface Markers ◽  
Intensive Chemotherapy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cd34 Positivity ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Abstract Background: The prognostic significance of the expression pattern of certain cell surface markers in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is controversial. Objectives: Analyze the impact of the expression of certain cell surface markers on complete remission rate (CR) and relapse free survival (RFS), in a large series of adult patients with non-promyelocytic AML treated with intensive chemotherapy. Methods: From 1989 to 2007, 451 adult patients (median age 57 years, range 15–80 years) diagnosed with non-promyelocytic AML, received first induction chemotherapy in our institution. Induction therapy consisted of the combination of cytarabine and anthracycline with or without a third agent in 95% of patients and other regimens in the remaining 5%. The post-remission treatment consisted of consolidation chemotherapy followed or not by stem cell transplantation. The inmunophenotypic analysis of bone marrow samples at diagnosis was evaluable in 395 patients (88%). Positivity was defined as more than 20% blasts expressing a specific antigen. It was possible to evaluate the percentage of positive blasts for the following antigens: CD33 (395 patients), CD13 (391), HLA-DR (382), CD14 (375), CD34 (364), CD7 (354), CD11b (350), CD4 (347), CD36 (343), CD15 (326), CD9 (321), CD2 (315), CD38 (250), CD71 (233), myeloperoxidase (MPX) (186), CD117 (178) and CD56 (173). We conducted a univariate and mutivariate analysis in order to define the impact of the expression of cell surface markers on CR rate and RFS. Results: Overall, 256 patients (58.3%) achieved a CR. The following characteristics were associated with a lower probability of CR: age &gt;60 years, performance status by means of ECOG scale ≥2, peroxidase staining in &lt;75% of blasts, and high-risk karyotype (in all, p&lt;0.001). The positivity of CD34 and the negativity of CD15 and MPX, were associated with a lower CR rate (p=0.005, p=0.04 and p&lt;0.001, respectively), due to a higher rate of resistance (p&lt;0.001, p=0.004 and p&lt;0.001, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that WBC &gt;50×109/l, high-risk karyotype, CD34 positivity and MPX negativity were independent unfavourable factors for CR. The median follow-up of the cohort was 81 months and the overall RFS at 5 years was 35%. The following factors are associated with a lower RFS: CR achievement with 2 cycles (15% vs 37%, p&lt;0.001), age &gt;60 years (16% vs 44%, p&lt;0.001), peroxidase staining in &lt;75% of blasts (26% vs 49%, p=0.001), high-risk karyotype (0% vs 39%, p=0.03), CD2 positivity (11% vs 40%, p=0.008) and MPX negativity (16% vs 40%, p=0.02). Multivariate analysis showed that age &gt;60 years, CR achievement with 2 cycles and MPX negativity were independent unfavourable factors for RFS. Conclusion: The AML with an immature immunophenotype, like those with CD34 positivity or MPX negativity, shows a higher resistance to induction chemotherapy. We also have observed a shorter remission duration in those AML with CD2 positivity or MPX negativity.

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