scholarly journals Nutritional Deficiency and Anemia in Latin America: A Collaborative Study

Blood ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 591-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. COOK ◽  
J. ALVARADO ◽  
A. GUTNISKY ◽  
M. JAMRA ◽  
J. LABARDINI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Who Criteria ◽  
True Incidence ◽  
B12 Deficiency

Abstract A collaborative study of nutritional anemia in third trimester pregnancy was performed in seven Latin American countries. Laboratory measurements included hemoglobin level, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), serum iron and iron-binding capacity, serum folate, vitamin B12 and albumin. Iron deficiency (transferrin saturation below 15%) was found in 48% of pregnant women, as compared with 21% of nonpregnant females and 3% of male controls of comparable age. The prevalence of folate deficiency (serum folate below 3 ng/ml.) was 10%, 10% and 9% in these three groups, respectively. Vitamin B12 deficiency (serum level below 80 pg/ml.) was found in 15% of pregnant women, but in less than 1% of both control groups. Anemia, as defined by current WHO criteria, was found in 38.5% of pregnant women, 17.3% of nonpregnant women and 3.9% of men. Analysis of the frequency distribution for hemoglobin levels, based on a Gaussian distribution in normal subjects, suggested that a large portion of subjects considered anemic by WHO criteria were normal and that the true incidence of anemia in pregnant and nonpregnant females was 22 and 12% respectively. Correlation analysis indicated that iron deficiency was of major importance as a cause of anemia, while folate lack was contributory only in pregnancy; no relationship could be demonstrated between vitamin B12 deficiency and anemia.

scholarly journals Prevalence of iron, folate, and vitamin B12 deficiencies in 20 to 49 years old women: Ensanut 2012

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Shamah-Levy ◽  
Salvador Villalpando ◽  
Fabiola Mejía-Rodríguez ◽  
Lucía Cuevas-Nasu ◽  
Elsa Berenice Gaona-Pineda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
B12 Deficiency

 Objective. To describe the prevalence of iron, folate, and B12 deficiencies in Mexican women of reproductive age from the National Health and Nutrition Survey (Ensanut) 2012.Materials and methods. Data came from a  ationalprobabilistic survey, representative from rural and urban areas,and different age groups. Blood samples were obtained from 4 263, 20 to 49 years old women for serum ferritin, vitamin B12 and serum folate oncentrations. The prevalence of deficiencies, was assessed using adjusted logistic regression models. Results. The deficiency of folate was 1.9% (95%CI1.3-2.8), B12 deficiency was 8.5% (95%CI 6.7-10.1) and iron deficiency was 29.4% (95%CI 26.5-32.2). No differences were found when compared with 2006, 24.8% (95%CI 22.3-27.2).Conclusions. The vitamin B12 deficiency is still a problem for women of reproductive age and their offspring in Mexico,while folate deficiency disappeared as a problem. Iron deficiency needs prevention and fortification strategies. 

Frequency of Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2753-2755
Author(s):  
Shazia Jamil ◽  
Naveed Mahmood ◽  
Israr-ul- Haque ◽  
Rabiah Haque ◽  
Muhammad Imran-ul-Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Group I ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin B 12 ◽  
Group Ii

Objective: To determine the prevalence of vitamin B-12 deficiency in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Study Design: Retrospective study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medicine, OMC Hospital, Jail Road Lahore from January, 2020 to December, 2020. Methods: Two hundred and thirty pregnant females were enrolled age between 18-45 years. Detailed demographics of enrolled cases age, gestational age, gravidity and body mass index were recorded after taking informed written consent. Among 230 cases, 100 women were non GDM (group I) and 130 had gestational diabetes mellitus (group II). Blood samples were taken from all the patients for measuring vitamin B12 status. Vitamin B12 was defined as <300 pg/ml. Results: Mean age of the patients in group I was 31.64±7.45 years with mean BMI 25.88±8.65 kg/m2 while mean age among GDM group was 34.55±5.71 years with mean BMI 27.36±9.44 kg/m2. Mean gestational age in group I was 33.72±4.21 weeks and in group II 35.08±9.27 weeks. In group I 20 (20%) had vitamin B12 deficiency and in group II rate ofvitamin B12 deficiency was high among 90 (69.2%) cases. We found a significantly relation between vitamin B12 and GDM with p value <0.0007. Conclusion: The prevalence of vitamin B-12 deficiency among pregnant women of gestational diabetes mellitus was significantly high as compared to normal pregnant women. Keywords: Pregnant Women, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Vitamin B12 deficiency

RELATIONSHIP OF MATERNAL VITAMIN B12 STATUS IN PREGNANCY WITH PRETERM BIRTH AND MATERNAL HEALTH RISKS

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
VICTORIA LAZAROVA SPASOVA ◽  
LILIA IVANOVA KOLEVA ◽  
MARIETA ANTONOVA POPOVA ◽  
VALENTINA BOYANOVA PETKOVA ◽  
MILEN VENTZISLAVOV DIMITROV
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

Vitamin B12 is known to be vital for cell growth and population during pregnancy. This retrospective and prospective case−control study was aimed to disclose a health risk for pregnant women with vitamin B12 deficiency, as well as the one of the preterm birth. The main tasks set and performed in this research were as follows: to compare the obstetrics anamnesis between the women who gave birth on term and women who gave birth before term; to find the prevalence of vitamin B12 insufficiency in pregnancy; to determine its association with preterm birth and low birth weight; to examine its association with spontaneous abortions, and to investigate its relationship with obesity and hemoglobin levels in pregnant women. The conducted investigation involved 107 women who gave birth before the 37th week of gestation and 101 women who gave birth after the 37th week of gestation at the outpatient clinic of the University Hospital "Maichin Dom" in Bulgaria. Our study revealed a correlation between maternal vitamin B12 deficiency, overweight and low hemoglobin level. Our results showed no significant correlation between serum vitamin B12 level and the risk of preterm birth. However, we found an inverse association between vitamin B12 level and overweight before pregnancy and at the time of giving birth. As well there was confirmed the strong connection between meat consumption and vitamin B12 level. The paper emphasizes that the deficiency of the vitamin occurs most likely in the women with inadequate diets. Such a deficiency is actually confirmed to have serious health consequences for pregnant women and their offspring. Therefore further profound and numerous studies should be performed to properly assess the correlation between vitamin B12 and preterm birth, as well as to understand better the impact of vitamin B12 over pregnant women. Key words: vitamin B12, preterm birth, pregnancy, overweight, hemoglobin.

scholarly journals Vitamin B12 in HIV-Infected Patients with Insulin Resistance and Visceral Adiposity in a Randomized Trial of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone and Rosiglitazone (OR12-05-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Guetterman ◽  
Bryan Gannon ◽  
Saurabh Mehta ◽  
Marshall Glesby ◽  
Julia Finkelstein
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Recombinant Human Growth Hormone ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Visceral Adiposity ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Recombinant Growth Hormone ◽  
B12 Deficiency

Abstract Objectives To 1) examine the burden of vitamin B12 deficiency, 2) determine the effects of recombinant growth hormone and rosiglitazone on vitamin B12 status, and 3) investigate vitamin B12 status as a risk factor for changes in insulin sensitivity (SI) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), among HIV-infected patients with insulin resistance and visceral adiposity participating in a randomized controlled trial. Methods Participants were 72 HIV-infected adults (median [IQR]: 48 [43, 53] y) with insulin resistance and visceral adiposity who participated in a 12-week randomized trial of recombinant growth hormone (GH) and rosiglitazone (R). Venous blood samples were collected at baseline, 4, and 12 weeks, and samples were centrifuged, processed, and stored <−80°C until analysis. Total vitamin B12, methylmalonic acid (MMA), homocysteine, and serum folate were measured in a subset. Vitamin B12 deficiency and insufficiency were defined as <148.0 pmol/L and <221.0 pmol/L, respectively. Elevated MMA was defined as >0.26 µmol/L.Generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate the effects of treatment on vitamin B12 status. Generalized linear models were used to assess the associations of vitamin B12 concentrations with SI and VAT. Results A total of 2.3% of patients were vitamin B12 deficient and 13.6% were vitamin B12insufficient at baseline (median [IQR]: 419.8 [287.0, 538.6] pmol/L); 5.4% had elevated MMA concentrations. The GH + R intervention significantly lowered vitamin B12 concentrations at 4 (β: −66.6, 95% CI: −119.6, −13.6, P = 0.01) and 12 (β: −73.3, 95% CI: −117.8, −28.7, P = 0.001) weeks, compared to placebo. The GH-only intervention significantly lowered vitamin B12concentrations at 12 weeks (β: −89.1, 95% CI: −143.0, −35.3, P = 0.001), compared to placebo. Vitamin B12 concentrations did not significantly change in the R-only group. There were no significant changes in MMA concentrations. Vitamin B12 concentrations at baseline were not significantly associated with changes in SI or VAT (P > 0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency was low in HIV-infected individuals with insulin resistance and visceral adiposity. However, interventions containing recombinant growth hormone decreased vitamin B12 status during follow-up. Funding Sources BG was supported by NIH/NCATS Grant # TL1-TR-002386; Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University.

scholarly journals Iron deficiency anemia and megaloblastic anemia in obese patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Arshad ◽  
Sara Jaberian ◽  
Abdolreza Pazouki ◽  
Sajedeh Riazi ◽  
Maryam Aghababa Rangraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Morbid Obesity ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Megaloblastic Anemia ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
B12 Deficiency

Abstract Background. The association between obesity and different types of anemia remained uncertain. The present study aimed to assess the relation between obesity parameters and the occurrence of iron deficiency anemia and also megaloblastic anemia among Iranian population. Methods and Materials. This cross-sectional study was performed on 1252 patients with morbid obesity that randomly selected from all patients referred to Clinic of obesity at Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital in 2014. The morbid obesity was defined according to the guideline as body mass index (BMI) equal to or higher than 40 kg/m2. Various laboratory parameters including serum levels of hemoglobin, iron, ferritin, folic acid, and vitamin B12 were assessed using the standard laboratory techniques. Results. BMI was adversely associated with serum vitamin B12, but not associated with other hematologic parameters. The overall prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was 9.8%. The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was independent to patients’ age and also to body mass index. The prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency was totally 20.9%. According to the multivariable logistic regression model, no association was revealed between BMI and the occurrence of iron deficiency anemia adjusting gender and age. A similar regression model showed that higher BMI could predict occurrence of vitamin B12 deficiency in morbid obese patients. Conclusion. Although iron deficiency is a common finding among obese patients, vitamin B12 deficiency is more frequent so about one-fifth of these patients suffer vitamin B12 deficiency. In fact, the exacerbation of obesity can result in exacerbation of vitamin B12 deficiency.

Vitamin B12 deficiency: Is it underestimated in pregnant women?

2006 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Glew ◽  
Denis M. McCarthy ◽  
Dorothy J. Vanderjagt
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
B12 Deficiency

scholarly journals Reticulocyte size in nutritional anemias

Blood ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 669-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
DR Clarkson ◽  
EM Moore
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Abrupt Decrease ◽  
Iron Saturation ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
B12 Deficiency

Abstract Alterations in reticulocyte size occur 2–3 days after the onset of iron deficient or megaloblastic erythropoiesis and precede, by several weeks, changes in mean corpuscular volume (MCV). Iron-deficiency anemia induced in a normal subject by repeated phlebotomies was characterized by the initial development of larger than normal reticulocytes followed by an abrupt decrease in reticulocyte size. Microreticulocytes appeared 3 days after the fall in per cent iron saturation and antedated the decrease in MCV to below normal by 6 wk. Mean reticulocyte size was disproportionately smaller than normal in patients presenting with iron deficiency. In contrast, reticulocyte size increased abruptly in a patient (and rats) 2–3 days after administration of methotrexate. Mean reticulocyte size was disproportionately larger than normal in patients presenting with folate or vitamin B12 deficiency. Specific replacement therapy with iron, folate, or vitamin B12 was quickly followed by normalization of reticulocyte size.

scholarly journals Multifactorial Etiology of Anemia in Celiac Disease and Effect of Gluten-Free Diet: A Comprehensive Review

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martín-Masot ◽  
Nestares ◽  
Diaz-Castro ◽  
López-Aliaga ◽  
Alférez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Intestinal Biopsy ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
Endomysial Antibodies ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Celiac disease (CD) is a multisystemic disorder with different clinical expressions, from malabsorption with diarrhea, anemia, and nutritional compromise to extraintestinal manifestations. Anemia might be the only clinical expression of the disease, and iron deficiency anemia is considered one of the most frequent extraintestinal clinical manifestations of CD. Therefore, CD should be suspected in the presence of anemia without a known etiology. Assessment of tissue anti-transglutaminase and anti-endomysial antibodies are indicated in these cases and, if positive, digestive endoscopy and intestinal biopsy should be performed. Anemia in CD has a multifactorial pathogenesis and, although it is frequently a consequence of iron deficiency, it can be caused by deficiencies of folate or vitamin B12, or by blood loss or by its association with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or other associated diseases. The association between CD and IBD should be considered during anemia treatment in patients with IBD, because the similarity of symptoms could delay the diagnosis. Vitamin B12 deficiency is common in CD and may be responsible for anemia and peripheral myeloneuropathy. Folate deficiency is a well-known cause of anemia in adults, but there is little information in children with CD; it is still unknown if anemia is a symptom of the most typical CD in adult patients either by predisposition due to the fact of age or because biochemical and clinical manifestations take longer to appear.

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