The Apoptosis Inhibitor Gene API2 and a Novel 18q Gene,MLT, Are Recurrently Rearranged in the t(11;18)(q21;q21) Associated With Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphomas

Marginal zone cell lymphomas of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) are the most common subtype of lymphoma arising at extranodal sites. The t(11;18)(q21;q21) appears to be the key genetic lesion and is found in approximately 50% of cytogenetically abnormal low-grade MALT lymphomas. We show that the API2 gene, encoding an inhibitor of apoptosis also known as c-IAP2, HIAP1, andMIHC, and a novel gene on 18q21 characterized by several Ig-like C2-type domains, named MLT, are recurrently rearranged in the t(11;18). In both MALT lymphomas analyzed, the breakpoint inAPI2 occurred in the intron separating the exons coding respectively for the baculovirus IAP repeat domains and the caspase recruitment domain. The breakpoints within MLT differed but the open reading frame was conserved in both cases. In one case, the translocation was accompanied by a cryptic deletion involving the 3′ part of API2. As a result, the reciprocal transcript was not present, strongly suggesting that the API2-MLT fusion is involved in the oncogenesis of MALT lymphoma.

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The Apoptosis Inhibitor Gene API2 and a Novel 18q Gene,MLT, Are Recurrently Rearranged in the t(11;18)(q21;q21) Associated With Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphomas

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v93.11.3601 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 93 (11) ◽

pp. 3601-3609 ◽

Cited By ~ 515

Author(s):

Judith Dierlamm ◽

Mathijs Baens ◽

Iwona Wlodarska ◽

Margarita Stefanova-Ouzounova ◽

Jesus Maria Hernandez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lymphoid Tissue ◽

Marginal Zone ◽

Open Reading Frame ◽

Inhibitor Of Apoptosis ◽

Low Grade ◽

Gene Encoding ◽

Reading Frame ◽

Genetic Lesion ◽

Zone Cell ◽

Apoptosis Inhibitor

Abstract Marginal zone cell lymphomas of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) are the most common subtype of lymphoma arising at extranodal sites. The t(11;18)(q21;q21) appears to be the key genetic lesion and is found in approximately 50% of cytogenetically abnormal low-grade MALT lymphomas. We show that the API2 gene, encoding an inhibitor of apoptosis also known as c-IAP2, HIAP1, andMIHC, and a novel gene on 18q21 characterized by several Ig-like C2-type domains, named MLT, are recurrently rearranged in the t(11;18). In both MALT lymphomas analyzed, the breakpoint inAPI2 occurred in the intron separating the exons coding respectively for the baculovirus IAP repeat domains and the caspase recruitment domain. The breakpoints within MLT differed but the open reading frame was conserved in both cases. In one case, the translocation was accompanied by a cryptic deletion involving the 3′ part of API2. As a result, the reciprocal transcript was not present, strongly suggesting that the API2-MLT fusion is involved in the oncogenesis of MALT lymphoma.

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Identification of a sequence in the unique 5' open reading frame of the gene encoding glycosylated Gag which influences the incubation period of neurodegenerative disease induced by a murine retrovirus.

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.68.6.3879-3887.1994 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 68 (6) ◽

pp. 3879-3887 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

J L Portis ◽

G J Spangrude ◽

F J McAtee

Keyword(s):

Neurodegenerative Disease ◽

Incubation Period ◽

Open Reading Frame ◽

Gene Encoding ◽

Reading Frame

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GIT1, a Gene Encoding a Novel Transporter for Glycerophosphoinositol in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/149.4.1707 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 149 (4) ◽

pp. 1707-1715 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J L Patton-Vogt ◽

S A Henry

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Regulatory Gene ◽

Sugar Transport ◽

Open Reading Frame ◽

Gene Encoding ◽

Reading Frame ◽

Membrane Spanning ◽

Membrane Spanning Domains ◽

Uptake And Metabolism ◽

Cells Cultured

Abstract Phosphatidylinositol catabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells cultured in media containing inositol results in the release of glycerophosphoinositol (GroPIns) into the medium. As the extracellular concentration of inositol decreases with growth, the released GroPIns is transported back into the cell. Exploiting the ability of the inositol auxotroph, ino1, to use exogenous GroPIns as an inositol source, we have isolated mutants (Git−) defective in the uptake and metabolism of GroPIns. One mutant was found to be affected in the gene encoding the transcription factor, SPT7. Mutants of the positive regulatory gene INO2, but not of its partner, INO4, also have the Git− phenotype. Another mutant was complemented by a single open reading frame (ORF) termed GIT1 (glycerophosphoinositol). This ORF consists of 1556 bp predicted to encode a polypeptide of 518 amino acids and 57.3 kD. The predicted Git1p has similarity to a variety of S. cerevisiae transporters, including a phosphate transporter (Pho84p), and both inositol transporters (Itr1p and Itr2p). Furthermore, Git1p contains a sugar transport motif and 12 potential membrane-spanning domains. Transport assays performed on a git1 mutant together with the above evidence indicate that the GIT1 gene encodes a permease involved in the uptake of GroPIns.

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Cloning, Nucleotide Sequence, and Expression of the Gene Encoding the Bacteriocin Boticin B from Clostridium botulinum Strain 213B

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.66.12.5480-5483.2000 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 66 (12) ◽

pp. 5480-5483 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Sean S. Dineen ◽

Marite Bradshaw ◽

Eric A. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Nucleotide Sequence ◽

Clostridium Botulinum ◽

Shuttle Vector ◽

Open Reading Frame ◽

Gene Encoding ◽

Reading Frame ◽

Heat Stable ◽

Group I

ABSTRACT Boticin B is a heat-stable bacteriocin produced byClostridium botulinum strain 213B that has inhibitory activity against various strains of C. botulinum and related clostridia. The gene encoding the bacteriocin was localized to a 3.0-kb HindIII fragment of an 18.8-kb plasmid, cloned, and sequenced. DNA sequencing revealed the boticin B structural gene,btcB, to be an open reading frame encoding 50 amino acids. A C. botulinum strain 62A transconjugant containing theHindIII fragment inserted into a clostridial shuttle vector expressed boticin B, although at much lower levels than those observed in C. botulinum 213B. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration and characterization of a bacteriocin from toxigenic group I C. botulinum.

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A case of primary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the prostate

Rare Tumors ◽

10.4081/rt.2009.e55 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 169-170

Author(s):

Noriko Koga ◽

Masanori Noguchi ◽

Fukuko Moriya ◽

Kouichi Ohshima ◽

Nobuyuki Yoshitake ◽

...

Keyword(s):

B Cell ◽

Lymphoid Tissue ◽

Marginal Zone ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽

External Beam Radiation ◽

Low Grade ◽

Beam Radiation ◽

Malt Type Lymphoma ◽

Immunohistochemical Studies

We report a case of primary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of the prostate. A 67-year-old man presented with urinary obstruction and an elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level. A physical examination revealed mild prostate enlargement and no lymphadenopathy. A needle biopsy and immunohistochemical studies of the prostate were performed, which revealed marginal zone B-cell MALT-type lymphoma. A bone marrow aspiration and biopsy did not show involvement by lymphoma. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the abdomen and the pelvis revealed no lymphadenopathy or ascites. There was no involvement of other sites by lymphoma. The patient was diagnosed and staged as extranodal marginal zone B-cell MALT-type lymphoma of the prostate, low grade and stage I. The patient received external beam radiation therapy to the prostate with a total dose of 3600cGy in 22 fractions, and became free of disease within the following 15 months.

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Molecular and genetic analysis of the gene encoding the Saccharomyces cerevisiae strand exchange protein Sep1

Molecular and Cellular Biology ◽

10.1128/mcb.11.5.2593-2608.1991 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 2593-2608 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D X Tishkoff ◽

A W Johnson ◽

R D Kolodner

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Open Reading Frame ◽

Strand Exchange ◽

Wild Type ◽

Homologous Pairing ◽

Gene Encoding ◽

Reading Frame ◽

Cloned Gene ◽

Diploid Cells ◽

Exchange Protein

Vegetatively grown Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells contain an activity that promotes a number of homologous pairing reactions. A major portion of this activity is due to strand exchange protein 1 (Sep1), which was originally purified as a 132,000-Mr species (R. Kolodner, D. H. Evans, and P. T. Morrison, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:5560-5564, 1987). The gene encoding Sep1 was cloned, and analysis of the cloned gene revealed a 4,587-bp open reading frame capable of encoding a 175,000-Mr protein. The protein encoded by this open reading frame was overproduced and purified and had a relative molecular weight of approximately 160,000. The 160,000-Mr protein was at least as active in promoting homologous pairing as the original 132,000-Mr species, which has been shown to be a fragment of the intact 160,000-Mr Sep1 protein. The SEP1 gene mapped to chromosome VII within 20 kbp of RAD54. Three Tn10LUK insertion mutations in the SEP1 gene were characterized. sep1 mutants grew more slowly than wild-type cells, showed a two- to fivefold decrease in the rate of spontaneous mitotic recombination between his4 heteroalleles, and were delayed in their ability to return to growth after UV or gamma irradiation. Sporulation of sep1/sep1 diploids was defective, as indicated by both a 10- to 40-fold reduction in spore formation and reduced spore viability of approximately 50%. The majority of sep1/sep1 diploid cells arrested in meiosis after commitment to recombination but prior to the meiosis I cell division. Return-to-growth experiments showed that sep1/sep1 his4X/his4B diploids exhibited a five- to sixfold greater meiotic induction of His+ recombinants than did isogenic SEP1/SEP1 strains. sep1/sep1 mutants also showed an increased frequency of exchange between HIS4, LEU2, and MAT and a lack of positive interference between these markers compared with wild-type controls. The interaction between sep1, rad50, and spo13 mutations suggested that SEP1 acts in meiosis in a pathway that is parallel to the RAD50 pathway.

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Abnormal Wnt signaling and stem cell activation in reactive lymphoid tissue and low-grade marginal zone lymphoma

Leukemia & Lymphoma ◽

10.3109/10428191003695645 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 51 (5) ◽

pp. 906-910 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Da Zhang ◽

Maura F. O'neil ◽

Mark T. Cunningham ◽

Fang Fan ◽

Mojtaba Olyaee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Wnt Signaling ◽

Lymphoid Tissue ◽

Cell Activation ◽

Marginal Zone ◽

Marginal Zone Lymphoma ◽

Low Grade

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Gastric marginal zone B-cell lymphomas of MALT type develop along 2 distinct pathogenetic pathways

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v99.1.3 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 99 (1) ◽

pp. 3-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 133

Author(s):

Petr Starostik ◽

Jochen Patzner ◽

Axel Greiner ◽

Stephan Schwarz ◽

Jörg Kalla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

B Cell ◽

Lymphoid Tissue ◽

Gene Locus ◽

Marginal Zone ◽

Cell Lymphoma ◽

B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Low Grade ◽

High Grade ◽

Clonal Proliferation ◽

Large B Cell Lymphoma

Low-grade marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type can transform into high-grade diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Up to 60% of the MALT lymphomas contain the recently described t(11;18). However, this translocation has not been detected in any DLBCL so far. To elucidate the pathogenesis of these tumors, microsatellite screening of 24 gastric MALT lymphomas was performed and the results were compared with aberrations detected in a previous study on gastric DLBCL. The most frequent aberration, found in 21% of the MALT lymphomas that were exclusively t(11;18)-negative cases, was amplification of the 3q26.2-27 region (harboring the locus of the BCL6 gene). Allelic imbalances in regions 3q26.2-27, 6q23.3-25, 7q31, 11q23-24, and 18q21 were shared by both MALT lymphoma and DLBCL. Loss of heterozygosity in regions 5q21 (APC gene locus), 9p21 (INK4A/ARF), 13q14 (RB), and 17p13(p53) and allelic imbalances in 2p16, 6p23, and 12p12-13 occurred exclusively in DLBCL. Only one of 10 t(11;18)-positive MALT lymphomas showed an additional clonal abnormality. These tumors thus display features of a clonal proliferation characterized by the presence of the t(11;18). However, they only rarely display secondary aberrations and do not seem to transform into DLBCL. In contrast, t(11;18)-negative MALT lymphomas show numerous allelic imbalances—some of them identical with aberrations seen in DLBCL—suggesting that this group is the source of tumors eventually transforming into high-grade DLBCL.

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