scholarly journals “Scar-cinoma”: viewing the fibrotic lung mesenchymal cell in the context of cancer biology

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1842-1854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey C. Horowitz ◽  
John J. Osterholzer ◽  
Antonia Marazioti ◽  
Georgios T. Stathopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Lung Fibrosis ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Mesenchymal Cell ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Distinct Disease ◽  
Disease Entities ◽  
Fibrotic Diseases ◽  
Unmet Medical Needs

Lung cancer and pulmonary fibrosis are common, yet distinct, pathological processes that represent urgent unmet medical needs. Striking clinical and mechanistic parallels exist between these distinct disease entities. The goal of this article is to examine lung fibrosis from the perspective of cancer-associated phenotypic hallmarks, to discuss areas of mechanistic overlap and distinction, and to highlight profibrotic mechanisms that contribute to carcinogenesis. Ultimately, we speculate that such comparisons might identify opportunities to leverage our current understanding of the pathobiology of each disease process in order to advance novel therapeutic approaches for both. We anticipate that such “outside the box” concepts could be translated to a more precise and individualised approach to fibrotic diseases of the lung.

scholarly journals The New Paradigms in Clinical Research: From Early Access Programs to the Novel Therapeutic Approaches for Unmet Medical Needs

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Scavone ◽  
Gabriella di Mauro ◽  
Annamaria Mascolo ◽  
Liberato Berrino ◽  
Francesco Rossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Research ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Early Access ◽  
Unmet Medical Needs ◽  
Novel Therapeutic ◽  
Access Programs

scholarly journals Medulloblastoma in the age of molecular subgroups: a review

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Juraschka ◽  
Michael D. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Cell Of Origin ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Current State ◽  
Distinct Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Disease Entities ◽  
Stratification System

Medulloblastoma is the most common pediatric malignant brain tumor. Advances in molecular profiling have uncovered significant heterogeneity among medulloblastomas and led to the identification of four distinct subgroups (wingless [WNT], sonic hedgehog [SHH], group 3, and group 4) that represent distinct disease entities in both underlying biology and clinical characteristics. The rapidly expanding repertoire of tools to study developmental and cancer biology is providing a wealth of knowledge about these embryonal tumors and is continuously refining the understanding of this complex cancer. In this review, the history of discovery in medulloblastoma is discussed, setting a foundation to outline the current state of understanding of the molecular underpinnings of this disease, with a focus on genomic events that define the aforementioned subgroups and evolving areas of focus, such as the cell of origin of medulloblastoma and medulloblastoma subtypes. With these recent discoveries in mind, the current state of medulloblastoma treatment and clinical trials is reviewed, including a novel risk stratification system that accounts for the molecular biomarkers of patients with a high risk for refractory disease. Lastly, critical areas of focus for future basic science and clinical research on this disease are discussed, such as the complexities of medulloblastoma metastases and recurrence as well as the priorities and strategies to implement in future clinical trials.

Are There Distinct Disease Entities in Psychopathology?

1993 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-272
Author(s):  
William M. Grove
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Disease ◽  
Disease Entities

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Health-Related Quality of Life in Multimorbidity

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 334
Author(s):  
Eunmi Lee ◽  
Sunkyung Cha ◽  
Geun Myun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Unmet Medical Needs

We investigated the effect of predisposing, enabling, need factors, and health behaviors on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with multimorbidity according to Andersen’s model. This study is a secondary analysis of population-based cross-sectional surveys. Data from 328 patients with multimorbidity (≥3 co-occurring chronic diseases) from the 6th/7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys were analyzed using logistic regression. Patients ≥65 years, without private insurance, with poor subjective health, unmet medical needs, and/or limited activity were more likely to experience mobility problems. Self-care problems were more likely among those without private insurance and/or with limited activity. Patients lacking living security, with poor subjective health, limited activity, and/or who smoked were more likely to experience problems performing usual activities. Pain/discomfort was more likely among females, Medicaid beneficiaries, and patients with limited activity and/or with poor subjective health. Patients with poor subjective health, limited activity, and/or unmet medical needs were more likely to experience anxiety/depression. The investigation of HRQoL in multimorbidity should consider predisposing, enabling, need factors, and health behaviors. Interventions addressing movement restrictions and personalized care based on HRQoL domains should be prioritized.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Antibodies for the Treatment of Respiratory Tract Infections—Current Overview and Perspectives

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Alexie Mayor ◽  
Adélaïde Chesnay ◽  
Guillaume Desoubeaux ◽  
David Ternant ◽  
Nathalie Heuzé-Vourc’h ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Unmet Medical Needs

Respiratorytract infections (RTIs) are frequent and life-threatening diseases, accounting for several millions of deaths worldwide. RTIs implicate microorganisms, including viruses (influenza virus, coronavirus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)), bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus anthracis) and fungi (Pneumocystis spp., Aspergillus spp. and very occasionally Candida spp.). The emergence of new pathogens, like the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, and the substantial increase in drug resistance have highlighted the critical necessity to develop novel anti-infective molecules. In this context, antibodies (Abs) are becoming increasingly important in respiratory medicine and may fulfill the unmet medical needs of RTIs. However, development of Abs for treating infectious diseases is less advanced than for cancer and inflammatory diseases. Currently, only three Abs have been marketed for RTIs, namely, against pulmonary anthrax and RSV infection, while several clinical and preclinical studies are in progress. This article gives an overview of the advances in the use of Abs for the treatment of RTIs, based on the analysis of clinical studies in this field. It describes the Ab structure, function and pharmacokinetics, and discusses the opportunities offered by the various Ab formats, Ab engineering and co-treatment strategies. Including the most recent literature, it finally highlights the strengths, weaknesses and likely future trends of a novel anti-RTI Ab armamentarium.

scholarly journals COLORADO TICK FEVER AND DENGUE

1946 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd Florio ◽  
William McD. Hammon ◽  
Angela Laurent ◽  
Mabel O. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Area ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Distinct Disease ◽  
Disease Entities ◽  
Cross Immunity

Six human beings were inoculated with dengue and developed typical disease. Two of these were reinoculated and proved immune. The remaining four were later inoculated with Colorado tick fever. Three developed typical disease. The fourth, who remained well, has previously lived in an endemic area (Colorado). One patient was inoculated with Colorado tick fever first and later with dengue. He developed both diseases. Colorado tick fever and dengue do not give a cross-immunity. Hamsters can be infected with Colorado tick fever but not with dengue. Colorado tick fever and dengue appear to be distinct disease entities.

An Analysis of the Association of Gastroenteric Lesions with Chronic Wasting Syndrome of Marmosets

1982 ◽  
Vol 19 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 141-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. Chalifoux ◽  
R. T. Bronson ◽  
A. Escajadillo ◽  
S. McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽  
Chronic Colitis ◽  
Saguinus Oedipus ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Distinct Disease ◽  
Disease Entities ◽  
Pathology Data ◽  
Increased Susceptibility ◽  
Cell Atypia

Retrospective pathology data from necropsies of 162 marmosets, Saguinus oedipus, were studied to determine the nature of chronic wasting syndrome, a poorly defined entity associated with a high mortality rate in many marmoset colonies. Paraffin sections of the gastroenteric organs of 116 of these marmosets were re-examined in detail; lesions were identified, quantitated, and analyzed with a method of multiple chi-square testing for possible associations between findings. Five distinct disease entities were identified: prosthenorchosis, amebiasis, paramyxovirus disease, sepsis, and chronic colitis. Lesions of several of these often occurred in the same monkey, and all but the first were associated with cachexia. Lesions of chronic colitis were crypt abscesses, mononuclear and polymorphonuclear infiltration of the lamina propria, epithelial cell atypia, karyorrhexis, and lymphoid hyperplasia. The cause of chronic colitis was not identified, nor was any explanation found for weight loss and increased susceptibility to disease.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document