scholarly journals A cross-sectional examination of modifiable risk factors for chronic disease among a nationally representative sample of youth: are Canadian students graduating high school with a failing grade for health?

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott T Leatherdale ◽  
Vicki Rynard
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High School ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nationally Representative

scholarly journals Dinner consumption and cardiovascular disease risk factors among a nationally representative sample of Iranian adolescents: the CASPIAN-III Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-146
Author(s):  
Leila Azadbakht ◽  
Fahime Akbari ◽  
Mostafa Qorbani ◽  
Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh ◽  
Gelayol Ardalan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nationally Representative

Introduction: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and dinner consumption in a nationally representative sample of Iranian adolescents. Methods: The present study was conducted on 5642 adolescents aged 10-18 years old in 27 provinces in Iran. The subjects were included applying by multistage random cluster sampling. Participants who ate ≥5 dinners during a week were considered as a dinner consumer. Results: Among 5642 subjects, 1412 (25%) did not consume dinner. Dinner consumers were less likely to be overweight or obese (P < 0.001) and abdominally obese (P < 0.001) as well as to have an abnormal level of HDL-C (P = 0.02). Dinner skipper youths had a higher risk for overweight or obesity (odds ratio [OR]: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.39-1.89) and abdominal obesity (OR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.36-1.85) which remained significant after adjusting confounding factors (P <0001). No relationship was observed between dinner consumption and the rest of the CVD risk factors, neither in crude nor in adjusted models. A higher proportion of dinner-consumer adolescents had no CVD risk factors in comparison to dinner-skipper subjects (31.1% vs. 28%). Conclusion: Eating dinner might be inversely associated with some CVD risk factors among Iranian adolescents. Further prospective studies will need to prove this theory.

Correlates Between Physical Activity and Sunburn Prevalence Among a Nationally Representative Sample of US High School Students, 2015–2017

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Grace Wei ◽  
Jeffrey Farooq ◽  
Leslie Castelo-soccio ◽  
Rahul Mhaskar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Nationally Representative

Background: Physical activity is associated with greater odds of sunburn in adults, increasing harmful sun exposure and skin cancer risk. The authors sought to investigate parallel associations between sunburn and physical activity among US high school students. Methods: The authors examined pooled cross-sectional data from the 2015 and 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. A nationally representative sample of 21,894 US high school students who responded to the sunburn question was included. Results: Prevalence of sunburn was 56.6% between 2015 and 2017. Sunburn prevalence was higher in physically active students (88.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 86.7%–90.0%; P < .0001) and student athletes (63.0%; 95% CI, 59.4%–66.7%; P < .0001). Among male students who were vigorously physically active (≥5 d) or on ≥3 teams, the odds of sunburn were 2.33 (95% CI, 1.81–3.00; P < .0001) and 2.52 (95% CI, 1.96–3.23; P < .0001), respectively. Among female students who were vigorously physically active (≥5 d) or on ≥3 teams, the odds of sunburn were 1.65 (95% CI, 1.36–2.02; P < .0001) and 2.92 (95% CI, 2.07–4.13; P < .0001), respectively. Conclusions: Many US high school students are affected by sunburn, and the odds of sunburn are elevated during physical activity and team sports participation. Efforts are needed to improve sun safety regulations, education, and resources for youth during school and physical activity.

scholarly journals Determinants of early breastfeeding initiation and exclusive breastfeeding in Colombia

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 496-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheridan Finnie ◽  
Rafael Peréz-Escamilla ◽  
Gabriela Buccini
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Pregnancy Intention ◽  
Breastfeeding Initiation ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Skilled Attendant ◽  
Prelacteal Feeding ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Nationally Representative

AbstractObjective:To identify modifiable risk factors associated with early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) and exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in Colombia.Design:Cross-sectional study from the 2010 Colombia nationally representative Demographic Health Survey (DHS). Studied exposures were categorized into five hierarchical blocks of increasing proximity to the outcomes: household, maternal, health systems, child, and early feeding characteristics. The two outcomes examined were delayed breastfeeding initiation among infants <24 months and interruption of EBF among infants <6 months. Prevalence ratios were computed using Poisson regression analysis with robust error variance, adjusted for sampling weights, following a hierarchical modelling approach.Setting:Nationally representative cross-sectional survey from Colombia.Participants:The EIBF analytical sample included 6592 and the EBF sample 1512 women with young children.Results:EIBF prevalence was 65·6 % in children under 24 months and EBF was 43 % in infants under 6 months. Modifiable risk factors associated with delayed breastfeeding initiation were: C-section (PR = 2·08, CI 95 % = 1·92, 2·25), maternal overweight/obesity (PR = 1·09, CI 95 % = 1·01, 1·17), lack of skilled attendant at birth (PR = 1·09, CI 95 % = 1·01, 1·18). Modifiable risk factors for EBF interruption were C-section (PR = 1·12, CI 95 % = 1·02, 1·23) and prelacteal feeding (PR = 1·51, CI 95 % = 1·37, 1·68). Non-pregnancy intention was a protective factor for EBF interruption (PR = 0·82, CI 95 % = 0·72, 0·93).Conclusions:C-section, lack of skilled attendant at birth, prelacteal feeding, maternal nutritional status, and pregnancy intention were modifiable factors associated with suboptimal breastfeeding practices in Colombia.

scholarly journals GENDER DIFFERENCES IN THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS AND FINANCIAL HARDSHIP

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S856-S856
Author(s):  
Gillian Marshall ◽  
William Bryson ◽  
Ola Rostant ◽  
Sarah Canham
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Financial Hardship ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Objective: To identify associations between modifiable risk factors (cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity) and financial hardship (difficulty paying bills, food insecurity and medication need) among middle-aged and older Americans in a nationally representative sample. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 8,212 persons age 50 years and older who completed the core 2010 Health and Retirement Study survey and the psychosocial questionnaire. We ran separate multinomial logistic regressions to assess the association of three modifiable risk factors and three different financial hardship indicators. Results: Adjusting for all covariates, compared to men of normal weight, men who were obese had a 1.4 greater odds of difficulty paying their bills (95% CI: 1.08-1.76); former smokers had a 1.8 greater odds of being food insecure (95% CI: 1.05-2.95); current smokers were twice as likely to be food insecure (95% CI: 1.21-3.73); Compared to women who never smoked, current smokers had a 1.5 greater odds of having difficulty paying their bills (95% CI: 1.11-2.02); current smokers had a 1.8 greater odds of being food insecure (95% CI: 1.13-2.91); and women who were obese had a 1.5 greater odds of reducing medication due to cost (95% CI: 1.11, 2.02). Conclusion: Our findings contribute to the literature on health behaviors and financial hardship by highlighting the cyclical nature between different indicators of socioeconomic status, modifiable risk factors, and poor health outcomes among middle-aged and older adults. Furthermore, findings highlight how modifiable risk factors may culminate in financial hardship in later life.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study to identify the determinants of non-communicable diseases among fishermen in Southern India

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhila Doddamani ◽  
A. B. Kirthinath Ballala ◽  
Sharath P. Madhyastha ◽  
Asha Kamath ◽  
Muralidhar M. Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Dietary Practice ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background India is currently facing a rising epidemic of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs). Identification of modifiable risk factors is of paramount importance to curb this menace. Fishermen are one of the most vulnerable occupational groups with unique characteristics that make them prone to acquire NCDs, as a significant share of their life is spent at sea. Hence, this study was planned to ascertain the burden of NCDs, determine various risk factors of NCDs, and measure the association between risk factors and NCDs among fishermen of Coastal Karnataka in South India. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 681 fishermen aged 18 years and above as per the semi-structured interview schedule for two years (2017–2019). A convenience sampling strategy was adopted. The data was entered and analyzed using SPSS v.15.0. The results were described in terms of proportions and their 95% confidence intervals. Continuous data were summarized using the mean and standard deviation or median and interquartile range depending on the skewness of data. Chi-square test was used to study the association between NCDs and modifiable risk factors. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify risk factors of NCDs. Results The mean (SD) age of the population was 42.5 (SD 12.5) years. The mean years involved in fishing was 19.8 years (SD 10.9). More than half (59.5%) of the study participants had severe stress and most (80.3%) were ever substance users. Advancing age, not being able to contact family while at sea, poor dietary practice, ever substance use, increasing waist circumference were significant correlates of NCDs. Conclusions The commonly prevalent risk factors of NCDs among fishermen included poor dietary practice, higher stress levels, substance use, increasing waist circumference, and inability to contact with family while at sea. Hypertension and Diabetes were the two common NCDs in the study population. There is a need for immediate attention in managing NCDs’ risk factors by promoting a healthy lifestyle by primary health care providers through a sustainable community awareness program targeting fishermen at a convenient time and location, either at the sea-port or meeting places. Harmful effects of substance use, healthy dietary practices, and the importance of physical activity outside their job need emphasis. In addition, screening programs should be organized with the help of boat owners and fishing associations at-least once a year to pick up NCDs at an early stage.

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