scholarly journals Do health partnerships with organisations in lower income countries benefit the UK partner? A review of the literature

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicity AE Jones ◽  
Daniel PH Knights ◽  
Vita FE Sinclair ◽  
Paula Baraitser
Keyword(s):  
Lower Income ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Health Partnerships ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Lower Income Countries

scholarly journals Perceptions of and attitudes to alcohol use among Pakistani medical students

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-83
Author(s):  
Nazish Imran ◽  
Imran Ijaz Haider ◽  
Atif Sohail ◽  
Mohsan Zafar ◽  
Muhammad Riaz Bhatti
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Excessive Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Excessive Alcohol ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Lower Income Countries ◽  
Harmful Effects

Studies worldwide have reported alarming rates of alcohol misuse among medical students (Webb et al, 1996; Kuo et al, 2002; Akvadar et al, 2004). These reports are surprising as well as of extreme concern, as medical professionals are supposedly more educated on the harmful effects of excessive alcohol consumption. The majority of studies exploring the knowledge and attitudes of medical students regarding alcohol have been from the USA and the UK, with only few from lower-income countries and the Islamic world (Kumar & Basu, 2000; Akvadar et al, 2004).

Hesitancy to share vaccine IP will increase inequality

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Developing Nation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Production Constraints ◽  
Special Drawing ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Special Drawing Rights ◽  
Lower Income Countries

Significance Although eight vaccines have been developed and approved for use against COVID-19, production constraints leave many lower-income countries facing a lengthy wait. They are backing an initiative to waive intellectual property (IP) rights on treatments to facilitate transfers of vaccine manufacturing capability. Impacts Low-income nations may opt to issue compulsory licences, allowing governments to waive IP rights without the licence owners’ consent. The IMF backed a USD650bn round of special drawing rights at the spring meeting, in part to help vaccinate developing nation populations. A YouGov poll recently found that 74% of the UK public think governments should ensure vaccine expertise is shared globally.

Who or what is a development manager?

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Ron Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Development Management ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Is Development ◽  
Lower Income Countries ◽  
Development Manager

Although ill-defined, the term “development management” is broadly understood to refer to the management of economic and social development, and the reduction of poverty, at various levels from macro to micro, in lower income countries. “Development management” pre-supposes “development managers”, but this term is even less well defined. Popular perceptions suggest that the concept is less easily applied at the macro level, but more readily at the micro, and also more to someone who is development-minded than someone whose job is to manage or implement development policies and processes, although the two can overlap. This perception – and its implications for management training – is followed through to suggest a profile of a development manager as someone who is forward-thinking, people-oriented, resourceful, flexible in his or her approach to means of achieving objectives, and morally committed.

scholarly journals What have we learned about COVID-19 volunteering in the UK? A rapid review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanlan Mao ◽  
Maria Fernandes-Jesus ◽  
Evangelos Ntontis ◽  
John Drury
Keyword(s):  
Community Engagement ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
National Level ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Mutual Aid ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background Community engagement and volunteering are essential for the public response to COVID-19. Since March 2020 a large number of people in the UK have been regularly doing unpaid activities to benefit others besides their close relatives. Although most mutual aid groups emerged from local neighbourhoods and communities, official public institutions also fostered community volunteering, namely through the community champions scheme. By considering a broad definition of COVID-19 volunteering, this article describes a systematic review of the literature focused on one broad question: What have we learned about COVID-19 volunteering both at the UK national level and the more local community level? Methods A rapid review of the literature in peer-reviewed databases and grey literature was applied in our search, following the PRISMA principles. The search was conducted from 10 to 16 of October 2020, and sources were included on the basis of having been published between January and October 2020, focusing on COVID-19 and addressing community groups, volunteering groups, volunteers, or community champions in the UK. Results After initial screening, a total of 40 relevant sources were identified. From these, 27 were considered eligible. Findings suggest that food shopping and emotional support were the most common activities, but there were diverse models of organisation and coordination in COVID-19 volunteering. Additionally, community support groups seem to be adjusting their activities and scope of action to current needs and challenges. Volunteers were mostly women, middle-class, highly educated, and working-age people. Social networks and connections, local knowledge, and social trust were key dimensions associated with community organising and volunteering. Furthermore, despite the efforts of a few official public institutions and councils, there has been limited community engagement and collaboration with volunteering groups and other community-based organisations. Conclusions We identified important factors for fostering community engagement and COVID-19 volunteering as well as gaps in the current literature. We suggest that future research should be directed towards deepening knowledge on sustaining community engagement, collaboration and community participation over time, during and beyond this pandemic.

Orthopedic injuries associated with use of electric scooters in the UK: A dangerous trend? Case series and review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-245
Author(s):  
George J. M. Hourston ◽  
Albert Ngu ◽  
James Hopkinson-Woolley ◽  
Kuldeep Stöhr
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Orthopedic Injuries ◽  
The Uk

scholarly journals Impact of Domestic and Transboundary Conflicts on Militarization

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-35
Author(s):  
Hafiz Syed Mohsin Abbas ◽  
Xiaodong Xu ◽  
Chunxia Sun ◽  
Saif Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Ahsan Ali Raza
Keyword(s):  
High Income ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Fragile States ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
Income Groups ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Global Peace ◽  
Lower Income Countries

AbstractSecurity issues are the global concern nowadays, which triggers government spending on military equipment and supply chain. This paper analyzes the global perspective of cohesion indicators on Militarization by using 177 countries panel data from the Years 2011-2018 based on middle/lower and high-income groups. By applied OLS and Fixed Effect modelling, we explored the idea that Group Grievance and Population Growth Rate have a significant impact on Militarization in both income groups worldwide. However, middle/lower income group’s Militarization is more fragile than high-income groups due to state cohesion. It further analyses that Security Apparatus and Fractionalization Elite are significant in Middle/ lower-income countries and have an insignificant impact on Militarization in high-income countries. In the end, the study suggested that the United Nations must keenly observe the militarization trends of the less fragile states by considering global peace concerns and should play its role to resolve the bilateral conflicts in the region to maintain world peace environment.

scholarly journals Summary of the Available Molecular Methods for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 during the Ongoing Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1298
Author(s):  
Fabio Arena ◽  
Simona Pollini ◽  
Gian Maria Rossolini ◽  
Maurizio Margaglione
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Viral Genome ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Genomic Evolution ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Silico Analysis

Since early 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused an excess in morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Containment strategies rely firstly on rapid and sensitive laboratory diagnosis, with molecular detection of the viral genome in respiratory samples being the gold standard. The reliability of diagnostic protocols could be affected by SARS-CoV-2 genetic variability. In fact, mutations occurring during SARS-CoV-2 genomic evolution can involve the regions targeted by the diagnostic probes. Following a review of the literature and an in silico analysis of the most recently described virus variants (including the UK B 1.1.7 and the South Africa 501Y.V2 variants), we conclude that the described genetic variability should have minimal or no effect on the sensitivity of existing diagnostic protocols for SARS-CoV-2 genome detection. However, given the continuous emergence of new variants, the situation should be monitored in the future, and protocols including multiple targets should be preferred.

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