scholarly journals Characterization of the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in São Paulo city, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália H Mendes ◽  
Fernando AF Melo ◽  
Adolfo CB Santos ◽  
José RC Pandolfi ◽  
Elisabete A Almeida ◽  
...  
2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
Lasaro Teixeira FERREIRA ◽  
Aparecida Helena de Souza GOMES ◽  
Vera Lucia PEREIRA-CHIOCCOLA

Introduction: American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) can be caused by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis complex. The evolution of ATL initially results in lesions and can develop into disseminated or diffuse forms. The genetic diversity of L. (V.) braziliensis in some endemic areas of Brazil has been poorly studied, such as in the state of São Paulo. This study analyzed the genetic diversity of L. (V.) braziliensis isolates collected from patients and dogs with LTA from the state of São Paulo. Methods: Leishmaniasis diagnosis was determined by PCR. The 132 biopsies were collected in different regions of Sao Paulo State, Brazil (36 municipalities). The genetic characterization of L. (V.) braziliensis isolates was tested by RFLP-PCR using DNA extracted from biopsies. The primer set amplified a specific region of Leishmania internal transcribed spacers of the ribosomal DNA locus. Results: Of the 132 samples, 52 (40%) were completely genotyped by RFLP-PCR (44 from human patients and eight from dogs). The results showed nine distinct patterns. The majority of the genotyped samples were from Sorocaba (30), and the others were distributed among 14 other municipalities. The first pattern was more frequent (29 samples), followed by pattern 2 (nine samples) and pattern 3 (three samples). Patterns 4, 6, 7, 8 and 9 were composed of two samples each and pattern 5 of one sample. Conclusion: These results suggest that polymorphic strains of L. (V.) braziliensis circulate in the state of São Paulo. These data agree with studies from other regions of Brazil, showing great variability among the natural populations of endemic foci.


2021 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 101069
Author(s):  
Marcelo Nóbrega Litvoc ◽  
Silvia Figueiredo Costa ◽  
Vanderson Geraldo Rocha ◽  
Fabio Eudes Leal ◽  
Diogo Boldim Ferreira ◽  
...  

Irriga ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-425
Author(s):  
Rubens Duarte Coelho ◽  
Marconi Batista Teixeira ◽  
Ralini Ferreira de Melo ◽  
Meiby Carneiro de Paulo

CARACTERIZAÇÃO HIDRÁULICA DE GOTEJADORES AUTOCOMPENSANTES EXPOSTOS À APLICAÇÃO DINÂMICA DE CLORO LIVRE (Parte II)  Rubens Duarte Coelho1; Marconi Batista Teixeira1; Ralini Ferreira de Mélo1; Meiby Carneiro de Paula21Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP,  [email protected] genético e reprodução animal, IAPAR – Estação Experimental da Faz. Modelo, Ponta Grossa, PR  1 RESUMO Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a caracterização hidráulica de 14 modelos de gotejadores autocompensantes, quanto ao efeito do cloro na redução de vazão, causada pela aplicação dinâmica de 100 mg L-1 de cloro livre, e o efeito linear de redução de vazão para dosagens e tempos de aplicação calculados a partir da dosagem padrão de 100 mg L-1 de cloro livre. Utilizou-se uma bancada de ensaios em estrutura metálica com 11,0 m x 4,0 m, instalada no Laboratório de Irrigação do DER– ESALQ/USP. Semanalmente, foi feita a coleta de água utilizando o método gravimétrico para todos os emissores presentes na linha gotejadora de cada um dos modelos estudados. Os modelos de gotejadores ensaiados apresentaram sensibilidade variável à aplicação de cloro livre. Ocorreu um decréscimo de 10 a 20% em média da vazão (L h-1) para a maior parte dos emissores, com exceção do modelo E que apresentou aproximadamente 90% de redução de vazão com 2688 h de funcionamento e redução drástica de vazão na ordem de 100% em virtude do bloqueio total do orifício para o emissor I. Embora o efeito da dosagem de cloro tenha sido linear, não se observaram alterações na vazão dos gotejadores com a aplicação de 10 mg L-1 de cloro livre. UNITERMOS: cloração, emissores autocompensantes, entupimento de emissores.  COELHO, R. D.; TEIXEIRA, M. B.; MÉLO, R. F. de; PAULA, M. C. de. HYDRAULIC CHARACTERIZATION OF COMPENSATING EMITTERS EXPOSED TO FREE CHLORINE DYNAMIC APPLICATION (PART II)  2 ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the hydraulic characterization of 14 compensating emitters regarding the effect of chlorine on the reduction of the flow rate and the linear effect of flow rate reduction at different times and dosages. The reduction of the flow rate was caused by the dynamic application of 100 mg L-1 of free chlorine. The experiment was carried out under laboratory conditions in a metal bench (11.0 m x 4,.0 m) at the University of São Paulo Brazil. Emitter flow was evaluated weekly using the gravimetric method. The studied emitter models presented varying sensitivity to the application of free chlorine. An average reduction of 10 to 20% in the flow rate (L h-1) for most   emitters was observed. The “E” model presented a reduction of 90% in the flow rate over 2,688 operation hours. The “I” model presented a sharp reduction of flow rate on the order of 100% (total clogging). Although the linear effect of chlorine dosage was present in all models, changes in the flow rate among the emitters during chlorine application of 10 mg L-1 were not observed. KEY WORDS: chlorination, compensating emitters, emitter clogging. 


Grana ◽  
2022 ◽  
pp. 1-43
Author(s):  
Adriana Mercedes Camejo Aviles ◽  
Marie-Pierre Ledru ◽  
Fresia Ricardi-Branco ◽  
Paula A. Rodríguez-Zorro ◽  
Ricardo J. Francischetti Garcia ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Anderson Almeida Colmanetti ◽  
Luiz Mauro Barbosa ◽  
Regina Tomoko Shirasuna ◽  
Hilton Thadeu Zarate do Couto

ABSTRACT In Brazil, specifically in São Paulo State, there are guidelines based on the high diversity of tropical forests that instructs the restoration projects in the state (current SMA 32/2014). The main goal of this study was verify the importance and effectiveness of the high diversity of arboreal species originated from a reforestation, and its influence in a woody regenerating composition. We developed a phytosociologic study in a woody regenerating stratum of a nine year old reforestation at a Private Reserve of Natural Heritage (RPPN), in Mogi-Guaçu, São Paulo State. All specimens with height > 30 cm and Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) < 5 cm were evaluated. The woody regenerating diversity was smaller than the overstory diversity and the species composition was similar to the overstory. The Simpson index (1-D) was 0.85, Shannon index (H') was 2.46 and the Pielou index (J') was 0.60. The zoochoric dispersion syndrome was major among the species. Our results suggest that the use of high diversity of native seedlings in a reforestation leads to high diversity of species in woody regeneration stratum, after one decade of planting.


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