scholarly journals A Review on Biosensors and Nanosensors Application in Agroecosystems

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Sharma ◽  
Vimal Pandey ◽  
Mayur Mukut Murlidhar Sharma ◽  
Anupam Patra ◽  
Baljinder Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Agricultural Ecosystems ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
The Past ◽  
Skilled Personnel ◽  
Immunological Diseases ◽  
Global Food

AbstractPrevious decades have witnessed a lot of challenges that have provoked a dire need of ensuring global food security. The process of augmenting food production has made the agricultural ecosystems to face a lot of challenges like the persistence of residual particles of different pesticides, accretion of heavy metals, and contamination with toxic elemental particles which have negatively influenced the agricultural environment. The entry of such toxic elements into the human body via agricultural products engenders numerous health effects such as nerve and bone marrow disorders, metabolic disorders, infertility, disruption of biological functions at the cellular level, and respiratory and immunological diseases. The exigency for monitoring the agroecosystems can be appreciated by contemplating the reported 220,000 annual deaths due to toxic effects of residual pesticidal particles. The present practices employed for monitoring agroecosystems rely on techniques like gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, mass spectroscopy, etc. which have multiple constraints, being expensive, tedious with cumbersome protocol, demanding sophisticated appliances along with skilled personnel. The past couple of decades have witnessed a great expansion of the science of nanotechnology and this development has largely facilitated the development of modest, quick, and economically viable bio and nanosensors for detecting different entities contaminating the natural agroecosystems with an advantage of being innocuous to human health. The growth of nanotechnology has offered rapid development of bio and nanosensors for the detection of several composites which range from several metal ions, proteins, pesticides, to the detection of complete microorganisms. Therefore, the present review focuses on different bio and nanosensors employed for monitoring agricultural ecosystems and also trying to highlight the factor affecting their implementation from proof-of-concept to the commercialization stage.

scholarly journals Remediation of Pesticides by Microalgae as Feasible Approach in Agriculture: Bibliometric Strategies

Agronomy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Gayathiri Verasoundarapandian ◽  
Zheng Syuen Lim ◽  
Syahirah Batrisyia Mohamed Radziff ◽  
Siti Hajar Taufik ◽  
Nurul Aini Puasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Topic ◽  
Research Trend ◽  
Crop Loss ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pesticide Treatment ◽  
Remediation Strategies ◽  
Bibliometric Review ◽  
Global Food

Pesticide treatment dramatically reduces crop loss and enhances agricultural productivity, promoting global food security and economic growth. However, owing to high accrual and persistent tendency, pesticides could create significant ecological consequences when used often. Lately, the perspective has transitioned to implementing biological material, environmentally sustainable, and economical strategies via bioremediation approaches to eradicate pesticides contaminations. Microalgae were regarded as a prominent option for the detoxification of such hazardous contaminants. Sustainable application and remediation strategies of pesticides pollutants in the agriculture system by microalgae from the past studies, and recent advancements were integrated into this review. Bibliometric strategies to enhance the research advancements in pesticide bioremediation by microalgae between 2010 and 2020 were implemented through critical comparative analysis of documents from Scopus and PubMed databases. As a result, this study identified a growing annual research trend from 1994 to 2020 (nScopus > nPubMed). Global production of pesticide remediation by microalgae demonstrated significant contributions from India (23.8%) and China (16.7%). The author’s keyword clustering was visualized using bibliometric software (VOSviewer), which revealed the strongest network formed by “microalgae”, “bioremediation”, “biodegradation”, “cyanobacteria”, “wastewater”, and “pesticide” as significant to the research topic. Hence, this bibliometric review will facilitate the future roadmap for many scholars and authors who were drawing attention to the burgeoning research on bioremediation of pesticides to counteract environmental impacts while maintaining food sustainability.

scholarly journals Resilience and reactivity of global food security

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (22) ◽  
pp. 6902-6907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir Suweis ◽  
Joel A. Carr ◽  
Amos Maritan ◽  
Andrea Rinaldo ◽  
Paolo D’Odorico
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food System ◽  
Trade Policies ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Global Population ◽  
Global Food ◽  
Country Specific

The escalating food demand by a growing and increasingly affluent global population is placing unprecedented pressure on the limited land and water resources of the planet, underpinning concerns over global food security and its sensitivity to shocks arising from environmental fluctuations, trade policies, and market volatility. Here, we use country-specific demographic records along with food production and trade data for the past 25 y to evaluate the stability and reactivity of the relationship between population dynamics and food availability. We develop a framework for the assessment of the resilience and the reactivity of the coupled population–food system and suggest that over the past two decades both its sensitivity to external perturbations and susceptibility to instability have increased.

scholarly journals Satellite Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Reveals Heat Stress Impacts on Wheat Yield in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 3277
Author(s):  
Yang Song ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Lixin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Gangetic Plains ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
The Past ◽  
Global Food ◽  
Accumulated Degree Days

With continued global warming, the frequency and severity of heat wave events increased over the past decades, threatening both regional and global food security in the future. There are growing interests to study the impacts of drought on crop. However, studies on the impacts of heat stress on crop photosynthesis and yield are still lacking. To fill this knowledge gap, we used both statistical models and satellite solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) data to assess the impacts of heat stress on wheat yield in a major wheat growing region, the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP), India. The statistical model showed that the relationships between different accumulated degree days (ADD) and reported wheat yield were significantly negative. The results confirmed that heat stress affected wheat yield across this region. Building on such information, satellite SIF observations were used to further explore the physiological basis of heat stress impacts on wheat yield. Our results showed that SIF had strong negative correlations with ADDs and was capable of monitoring heat stress. The SIF results also indicated that heat stress caused yield loss by directly impacting the photosynthetic capacity in wheat. Overall, our findings demonstrated that SIF as an effective proxy for photosynthetic activity would improve our understanding of the impacts of heat stress on wheat yield.

Surface/interface nanoengineering for rechargeable Zn–air batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1132-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianpei Zhou ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Changzheng Wu ◽  
Yi Xie
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Rapid Development

Surface/interface nanoengineering of electrocatalysts and air electrodes will promote the rapid development of high-performance rechargeable Zn–air batteries.

GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY AMID THE GLOBAL CRISIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 134-141
Author(s):  
P. M. TARANOV ◽  
◽  
A. S. PANASYUK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Food Problem ◽  
Supply Problem ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Food Security Indicators ◽  
Security Indicators ◽  
Global Food

The authors assess the prospects for solving the global food problem based on an analysis of the dynamics of food security indicators at the global and regional levels. The global food problem at work refers to the growing population of a planet affected by hunger and other forms of malnutrition. The food security situation has worsened for five years - in 2015–2019, and the COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated the food supply problem. The prevalence of moderate to severe food insecurity has affected more than 25% of the world's population. In lowincome countries, malnutrition affects more than 58% of the population. Food security is threatened by the consequences of the spread of coronavirus infection in the short term. In the medium and long term, climate change and the crisis in the governance of the world economy are the greatest threats. Modern international economic institutions are unable to withstand the prospect of declining global food security.

High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) for the Investigation of Medicinal Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alper Gökbulut
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Powerful Analytical Tool ◽  
Quantitative Examination ◽  
Data Acquisition And Processing ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Background: Chromatographic techniques such as TLC basically and, HPLC, GC, HPTLC equipped with various detectors are most frequently used for the qualitative and quantitative examination of herbals. Method: An overview of the recent literature concerning the usage of HPTLC for the analysis of medicinal plants has been reviewed. Results: During the last decade/s, HPTLC, a modern, sophisticated and automatized TLC technique with better and advanced separation efficiency, detection limit, data acquisition and processing, has been used for the analysis of herbal materials and preparations since the rapid development of technology in chromatography world. HPTLC with various detectors is a powerful analytical tool especially for the phytochemical applications such as herbal drug quantification and fingerprint analysis. Conclusion: In this review, a latest perspective has been established and some of the previous studies were summarized for the usage of HPTLC in the analysis of herbal remedies, dietary supplements and nutraceuticals.

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