Squamous cell carcinoma of the scrotum in HIV: two case reports

Abstract Background Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the scrotum was the first malignancy known to be associated with exposure to an occupational carcinogen—in this case, soot trapped in the breeches of chimney sweeps. Better civil rules and regulations and the replacement of hearths with other forms of heating have rendered SCC of the scrotum a rarity. We report two cases of scrotal SCC with vastly differing clinical presentations and management. Case presentation Case 1 had T1 N0 M0 disease and presented with a small (< 2 cm), innocuous-looking, non-healing ulcer of eight years duration. A punch biopsy revealed a superficially invasive SCC confirmed on immunohistochemical profiling. A wide local excision of the lesion was subsequently performed. Follow-up at three years showed no signs of recurrence. Case 2 presented with T4 N1 M1 disease and rapidly progressing locally destructive mass. A punch biopsy of the scrotal lesion confirmed invasive moderately differentiated focally keratinising SCC. The metastatic evaluation confirmed the presence of metastatic, extensive para-aortic lymphadenopathy. He was managed with cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy. Conclusion Early detection and management of patients with SCC of the scrotum are essential. If the diagnosis is delayed, treatment options become limited, and the prognosis is poor. Notwithstanding the rarity of this disease, multicentre trials are needed to provide more precise guidelines as to the optimal management of these patients.

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Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Patient with Fanconi Anemia

Case Reports in Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2021/5571649 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Milla Huuhka ◽

Aaro Turunen

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Fanconi Anemia ◽

Bone Marrow Failure ◽

Genetic Disorder ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Skin Lesions ◽

Increased Risk

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by different types of malformations, skin lesions, bone marrow failure, and increased risk for both hematological malignancies and solid tumors, especially head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). FA patients may also display a low tolerance to oncologic treatments. The authors present a case of mandibular squamous cell carcinoma in a young FA patient. Because of the aggressive nature of the SCC and complex treatment options, we recommend a strict lifelong follow-up for all FA patients to detect early changes in the oral mucosa.

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Pembrolizumab for previously treated advanced anal squamous cell carcinoma: Pooled results from the KEYNOTE-028 and KEYNOTE-158 studies.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.4020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. 4020-4020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aurelien Marabelle ◽

Philippe Alexandre Cassier ◽

Marwan Fakih ◽

Steven Chuan-Hao Kao ◽

Dorte Nielsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Antitumor Activity ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Standard Therapy ◽

Tissue Sample ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Previously Treated

4020 Background: Patients (pts) with anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) have poor outcomes and few treatment options. We report a pooled analysis of pembrolizumab (pembro) antitumor activity and safety in the ASCC cohorts of the multicohort studies KEYNOTE-028 (NCT02054806; phase 1b) and KEYNOTE-158 (NCT02628067; phase 2), providing a robust sample size and longer follow-up. Methods: Eligible pts were aged ≥18 y with histologically/cytologically confirmed metastatic/unresectable ASCC, had prior failure of/intolerance to standard therapy or no standard therapy options, measurable disease (RECIST v1.1), ECOG PS 0/1, and a tissue sample evaluable for PD-L1/biomarkers (KEYNOTE-028 required PD-L1 positivity). Baseline PD-L1 expression was assessed using a prototype IHC assay (QualTek) in KEYNOTE-028 and the PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx assay (Agilent Technologies) in KEYNOTE-158. Pts received pembro 10 mg/kg Q2W (KEYNOTE-028) or 200 mg Q3W (KEYNOTE-158) for 2 y or until PD/unacceptable AEs. The primary endpoint in both studies was ORR (per RECIST v1.1). Secondary endpoints were duration of response (DOR), PFS, OS, and safety. Results: 137 pts with ASCC were treated in KEYNOTE-028 (n = 25) or KEYNOTE-158 (n = 112) and were included in this analysis (median age, 61 y; 83.2% women; 73.0% had PD-L1–positive tumors). Median follow-up was 11.7 mo; 124 pts (90.5%) had discontinued treatment. ORR (95% CI) was 10.9% (6.3%–17.4%). 8 pts had CR and 7 had PR. ORR (95% CI) by PD-L1 status was 14.0% (7.9%–22.4%) in the PD-L1 positive group and 3.3% (0.1%–17.2%) in the PD-L1 negative group. Among all treated pts, median DOR was not reached (range, 6.0+ to 57.5+ mo). By Kaplan-Meier estimation, 84.6% of responders had a DOR ≥24 mo. Median PFS was 2.1 mo (95% CI, 2.0–2.1) and median OS was 11.7 mo (95% CI, 8.8–14.5). The 12-mo PFS and OS rates were 14.5% and 47.4%. 85 pts (62.0%) had +1 treatment-related AE, 24 pts (17.5%) with grade 3–4 events (no grade 5 events). 32 pts (23.4%) had immune-mediated AEs; 2 pts (1.5%) had infusion related reactions. Conclusions: In pts with previously treated advanced ASCC, pembro showed durable antitumor activity, particularly in pts with PD-L1–positive tumors, and manageable toxicity. Clinical trial information: NCT02054806 (KEYNOTE-028), NCT02628067 (KEYNOTE-158) .

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Preoperative combined cisplatin-based chemotherapy and radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity—evaluation of more than 5-year follow up cases

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

10.1016/s0901-5027(97)81222-2 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 126

Author(s):

H. Shimooka ◽

T. Kirita ◽

N. Kamikaidou ◽

K. Yamamoto ◽

K. Ohgi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell

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Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Patients with Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13051153 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1153

Author(s):

Elysia Racanelli ◽

Abdulhadi Jfri ◽

Amnah Gefri ◽

Elizabeth O’Brien ◽

Ivan Litvinov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽

Case Reports ◽

Rare Complication ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Statistical Hypothesis ◽

Statistical Hypothesis Testing

Background: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a rare complication of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). Objectives: To conduct a systematic review and an individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis to describe the clinical characteristics of HS patients developing cSCC and determine predictors of poor outcome. Methods: Medline/PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for studies reporting cSCC arising in patients with HS from inception to December 2019. A routine descriptive analysis, statistical hypothesis testing, and Kaplan–Meier survival curves/Cox proportional hazards regression models were performed. Results: A total of 34 case reports and series including 138 patients were included in the study. The majority of patients were males (81.6%), White (83.3%), and smokers (n = 22/27 reported) with a mean age of 53.5 years. Most patients had gluteal (87.8%), Hurley stage 3 HS (88.6%). The mean time from the diagnosis of HS to the development of cSCC was 24.7 years. Human papillomavirus was identified in 12/38 patients tested. Almost 50% of individuals had nodal metastasis and 31.3% had distant metastases. Half of the patients succumbed to their disease. Conclusions: cSCC is a rare but life-threatening complication seen in HS patients, mainly occurring in White males who are smokers with severe, long-standing gluteal HS. Regular clinical examination and biopsy of any suspicious lesions in high-risk patients should be considered. The use of HPV vaccination as a preventive and possibly curative method needs to be explored.

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Oral findings during follow-up of nasopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma treatment: A case report

SAGE Open Medical Case Reports ◽

10.1177/2050313x211033037 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 2050313X2110330

Author(s):

Atsushi Musha ◽

Nobuteru Kubo ◽

Naoko Okano ◽

Hidemasa Kawamura ◽

Yuhei Miyasaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy ◽

Nasopharyngeal Cancer ◽

Inflammatory Conditions ◽

Positron Emission ◽

History Of ◽

Oral Area

A 50-year-old woman with a long history of nasopharyngeal cancer (T2N2M0, squamous cell carcinoma) underwent chemoradiotherapy and surgery. In the past, to prevent tumor recurrence or metastasis, she underwent concurrent chemoradiotherapy or neck dissection. However, during a follow-up 10 years after the surgery, intense F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose uptake was detected in the oral area (SUVmax 6.0). A biopsy of the area with F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose uptake revealed pathological inflammation. Radiography showed the presence of a wisdom tooth, located at the F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose accumulation site, and pericoronitis of this tooth was detected. Our findings indicate the importance of considering the effect of inflammatory conditions, such as periodontal disease, in using F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography during follow-up after head and neck cancer treatment.

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Local Chemotherapy as an Adjuvant Treatment in Unresectable Squamous Cell Carcinoma: What Do We Know So Far?

Current Oncology ◽

10.3390/curroncol28040213 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 2317-2325

Author(s):

Luigi Bennardo ◽

Francesco Bennardo ◽

Amerigo Giudice ◽

Maria Passante ◽

Stefano Dastoli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Gold Standard ◽

Systemic Chemotherapy ◽

Standard Treatment ◽

Case Reports ◽

Case Series ◽

Surgical Removal ◽

Local Chemotherapy

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one of the most common cancers involving skin and oral mucosa. Although this condition’s gold-standard treatment is the surgical removal of the lesions, the physician must propose alternative treatments in some cases due to the patient’s ineligibility for surgery. Among the available alternative therapies, local chemotherapy may represent an initial treatment in combination with radiotherapy or systemic chemotherapy due to the low frequency of side-effects and the lack of necessity for expensive devices. Methods: In this paper, we review all available literature in various databases (PubMed, Scopus-Embase, Web of Science), proposing local chemotherapy as a treatment for cutaneous and oral SCC. Exclusion criteria included ocular lesions (where topical treatments are common), non-English language, and non-human studies. Results: We included 14 studies in this review. The majority were case reports and case series describing the treatment of non-resectable localized SCC with either imiquimod or 5-fluorouracil. We also analyzed small studies proposing combination treatments. Almost all studies reported an excellent clinical outcome, with a low risk of relapses in time. Conclusions: Resection of the lesion remains the gold-standard treatment for SCC. When this approach is not feasible, local chemotherapy may represent a treatment alternative, and it may also be associated with radiotherapy or systemic chemotherapy.

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Chemotherapy alone versus definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy for cT4b esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a population-based study

BMC Gastroenterology ◽

10.1186/s12876-021-01742-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chia-Chin Li ◽

Chih-Yi Chen ◽

Ying-Hsiang Chou ◽

Chih-Jen Huang ◽

Hsiu-Ying Ku ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Population Based ◽

Primary Analysis

Abstract Background The role of radiotherapy for cT4bNanyM0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESqCC) is relatively unclear, with both chemotherapy (C/T) alone and definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (dCCRT) being treatment options in the current guidelines. We aimed to compare the survival of dCCRT versus C/T for these patients via a population-based approach. Methods Eligible cT4b ESqCC patients diagnosed between 2011 and 2017 were identified via the Taiwan Cancer Registry. We used propensity score (PS) weighting to balance the observable potential confounders between groups. The hazard ratio (HR) of death and incidence of esophageal cancer mortality (IECM) were compared between dCCRT and C/T. We also evaluated OS in subgroups of either low or standard radiotherapy doses. Results Our primary analysis consisted of 247 patients in whom covariates were well balanced after PS weighing. The HR for death when dCCRT was compared with C/T was 0.36 (95% confidence interval 0.24–0.53, P < 0.001). Similar results were found for IECM. Statistical significance was only observed in the standard RT dose but not in the low dose in subgroup analyses. Conclusions In this population-based nonrandomized study of cT4bNanyM0 ESqCC patients from Asia (Taiwan), we found that the use of radiotherapy with chemotherapy was associated with better overall survival than chemotherapy alone. Further studies (especially RCTs) are needed to confirm our findings.

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Effect of coronavirus disease 2019 on recurrences and follow up of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215121000918 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

E Kytö ◽

E Haapio ◽

I Kinnunen ◽

H Irjala

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

One Year ◽

Diagnostic Delays

Abstract Objective This prospective study aimed to evaluate possible diagnostic delays in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma recurrences due to the changed follow-up protocol during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Methods The follow-up appointments of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients treated more than one year prior to the pandemic were changed to telephone appointments in order to reduce physical visits to the hospital. All contacts, reasons for contact and recurrent cancers were recorded. Results There were 17 recurrences during a seven-month study period among 178 patients treated in the previous year (10 per cent); 14 of these recurrences occurred in patients whose treatment had ended less than one year previously and 3 occurred more than one year after treatment had ended. There was no delay in diagnoses of recurrent tumours or treatment despite reduced visits because of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Conclusion According to our analyses, no delay was caused in the diagnoses of recurrent diseases. Follow up by telephone or telemedicine can be considered as part of the follow-up protocol one year after the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma when necessary.

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