scholarly journals Complete mitochondrial genome of Iniistius trivittatus and unique variation in two observed inserts between rRNA and tRNA genes in wrasses

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Liu ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhang ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Jinquan Yang ◽  
Wenqiao Tang
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
Complete Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
Trna Genes ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Jaw Apparatus ◽  
Intergenic Regions

Abstract Background The family Labridae made up of 519 species in the world. The functional evolution of the feeding-related jaws leaded to differentiation of species, and the pharyngeal jaw apparatus evolved independently, but evolutionary mechanism still remain unaddressed in wrasses. Mitogenomes data can be used to infer genetic diversification and investigate evolutionary history of wrasses, whereas only eight complete mitogenomes in this family have been sequenced to date. Here, we sequenced the complete mitogenomes of Iniistius trivittatus to investigate genetic differentiation among wrasse species. Results We sequenced the complete mitogenomes of I. trivittatus using a novel PCR strategy. The I. trivittatus mitogenomes is 16,820 bp in length and includes 13 protein -coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and a control region. Compared to eight known mitochondrial genome, 2 additional noncoding regions (lengths of 121 and 107 bp), or so-called inserts, are found in the intergenic regions 12S rRNA - tRNAVal - 16S rRNA. The presumed origin of the two rare inserts is from tRNA- related retrotransposons. Compared with cytochrome b gene, the two insert sequences are highly conserved at the intraspecies level, but they showed significant variation and low similarity (< 70%) at the interspecies level. The insert events were only observed in I. trivittatus by checking the phylogenetic trees based on the complete mitogenomes of Labrida species. This finding provides evidence that in the mitogenomes, retrotransposon inserts result in intraspecific homoplasmy and interspecific heteroplasmy by natural selection and adaptation to various environments. Conclusions This study found additional mitogenome inserts limited in wrasse species. The rRNA genes with inserts might have experienced a selective pressure for adaptation to feeding modes. Such knowledge can enable a better understanding of molecular mechanism underlying morphological evolution in wrasses.

scholarly journals Complete mitochondrial genome of the freshwater fish Onychostoma lepturum (Teleostei, Cyprinidae): genome characterization and phylogenetic analysis

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1005 ◽  
pp. 57-72
Author(s):  
I-Chen Wang ◽  
Hung-Du Lin ◽  
Chih-Ming Liang ◽  
Chi-Chun Huang ◽  
Rong-Da Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Complete Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Genomic Variation ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Trna Genes ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Protein Coding Genes

The cyprinid genus Onychostoma Günther, 1896 consists of 24 valid species distributed in Southeast Asia, including Taiwan, Hainan, mainland China and the Indochina region. In the present study, we determined the complete mitochondrial genome of O. lepturum, which is 16,598 bp in length, containing 13 protein-coding genes, two rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes and a typical control region (D-loop). To verify the molecular phylogeny of the subfamily Acrossocheilinae, we provide new insights to better understand the taxonomic status of Acrossocheilus, Onychostoma and Folifer brevifilis. The phylogenetic trees presented three major clades based on the 13 protein-coding genes from 28 Acrossocheilinae species. Clades I and II represent the Onychostoma and Acrossocheilus groups, respectively. Species of Acrossocheilus, Onychostoma and F. brevifilis are included in Clade III, which is considered as an ancestral group. This work provides genomic variation information and improves our understanding of the Acrossocheilinae mitogenome, which will be most valuable in providing new insights for phylogenetic analysis and population genetics research.

scholarly journals The mitochondrial genome of Dipetalonema gracile from a squirrel monkey in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Zhang ◽  
R.K. Ran ◽  
A.Y. Abdullahi ◽  
X.L. Shi ◽  
Y. Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Squirrel Monkey ◽  
Complete Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Saimiri Sciureus ◽  
Trna Genes ◽  
Loop Structure ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Protein Coding Genes

AbstractDipetalonema gracile is a common parasite in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus), which can cause malnutrition and progressive wasting of the host, and lead to death in the case of massive infection. This study aimed to identify a suspected D. gracile worm from a dead squirrel monkey by means of molecular biology, and to amplify its complete mitochondrial genome by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequence analysis. The results identified the worm as D. gracile, and the full length of its complete mitochondrial genome was 13,584 bp, which contained 22 tRNA genes, 12 protein-coding genes, two rRNA genes, one AT-rich region and one small non-coding region. The nucleotide composition included A (16.89%), G (20.19%), T (56.22%) and C (6.70%), among which A + T = 73.11%. The 12 protein-coding genes used TTG and ATT as start codons, and TAG and TAA as stop codons. Among the 22 tRNA genes, only trnS1AGN and trnS2UCN exhibited the TΨC-loop structure, while the other 20 tRNAs showed the TV-loop structure. The rrnL (986 bp) and rrnS (685 bp) genes were single-stranded and conserved in secondary structure. This study has enriched the mitochondrial gene database of Dipetalonema and laid a scientific basis for further study on classification, and genetic and evolutionary relationships of Dipetalonema nematodes.

scholarly journals The complete mitochondrial genome of a cold seep gastropod Phymorhynchus buccinoides (Neogastropoda: Conoidea: Raphitomidae)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242541
Author(s):  
Lvpei Du ◽  
Shanya Cai ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Ruoyu Liu ◽  
Haibin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Complete Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Cold Seep ◽  
Start Codon ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Trna Genes ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Protein Coding Genes ◽  
High Support

Phymorhynchus is a genus of deep-sea snails that are most distributed in hydrothermal vent or cold seep environments. In this study, we presented the complete mitochondrial genome of P. buccinoides, a cold seep snail from the South China Sea. It is the first mitochondrial genome of a cold seep member of the superfamily Conoidea. The mitochondrial genome is 15,764 bp in length, and contains 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 rRNA genes, and 22 tRNA genes. These genes are encoded on the positive strand, except for 8 tRNA genes that are encoded on the negative strand. The start codon ATG and 3 types of stop codons, TAA, TAG and the truncated termination codon T, are used in the 13 PCGs. All 13 PCGs in the 26 species of Conoidea share the same gene order, while several tRNA genes have been translocated. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that P. buccinoides clustered with Typhlosyrinx sp., Eubela sp., and Phymorhynchus sp., forming the Raphitomidae clade, with high support values. Positive selection analysis showed that a residue located in atp6 (18 S) was identified as the positively selected site with high posterior probabilities, suggesting potential adaption to the cold seep environment. Overall, our data will provide a useful resource on the evolutionary adaptation of cold seep snails for future studies.

The mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic analysis of the tick Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis Teng, 1980 (Acari:Ixodidae)

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianhong Wang ◽  
Zihao Wang ◽  
Ruwei Bai ◽  
Zhijun Yu ◽  
Jingze Liu
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Complete Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Trna Genes ◽  
Illumina Hiseq ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Haemaphysalis Qinghaiensis ◽  
Mitogenome Sequence ◽  
Illumina Hiseq Platform

Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis is an endemic species and mainly inhabiting in the northwestern plateau of China, which can transmit many zoonotic pathogens and cause great harm to animals. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of H. qinghaiensis was assembled through the Illumina HiSeq platform. The mitogenome was 14,533 bp in length, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes and 3 noncoding regions (NCRs). The bias towards a high A+T content with 77.65% in mitogenome of H. qinghaiensis. The rearrangement of mitochondrial genes in H. qinghaiensis was consistent with other hard ticks. The phylogenetic analysis based on the concatenation of 13 PCGs from 65 tick mitogenomes showed that the H. qinghaiensis was clustered into a well-supported clade within the Haemaphysalis genus. This is the first complete mitogenome sequence of H. qinghaiensis, which provides a useful reference for understanding of the taxonomic and genetics of ticks.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Zicrona caerulea (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Asopinae) and its phylogenetic implications

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4747 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-561
Author(s):  
QING ZHAO ◽  
GERASIMOS CASSIS ◽  
LING ZHAO ◽  
YIFAN HE ◽  
HUFANG ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Complete Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Trna Genes ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Simple Loop ◽  
Phylogenetic Implications ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Methods

Zicrona caerulea (Linnaeus, 1758) is a cosmopolitan stink bug species, which belongs to the predatory subfamily Asopinae. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of Zicrona caerulea from Shanxi, China was sequenced for the first time, using next generation sequencing. The mitogenome was found to be 15,479 bp in length. It contained 13 protein-coding genes, two rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes and a typical control region. This research revealed an overall A+T content of 77.14%. All tRNA genes had a clover-leaf structure except for trnS1, which lacks a dihydrouridine (DHU) arm; and for trnV, the DHU arm forms a simple loop. The lengths of rrnS and rrnL were 797 bp and 1,285 bp, respectively. Because of a shortage in tandem repeats, the A+T-rich region was 644 bp in length. Phylogenetic relationships based on these mitogenomes, using Bayesian inference and Maximum likelihood methods, showed that Zicrona caerulea belongs to Asopinae. The monophyly of families of the Pentatomoidea is supported, albeit limited taxon sampling. 

scholarly journals Comparative Mitochondrial Genome Analysis of Eligma narcissus and other Lepidopteran Insects Reveals Conserved Mitochondrial Genome Organization and Phylogenetic Relationships

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Shang Dai ◽  
Bao-Jian Zhu ◽  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Cong-Fen Zhang ◽  
Chao-Liang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Complete Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Trna Genes ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Lepidopteran Insects ◽  
Usage Analysis ◽  
Mitochondrial Trna Genes ◽  
Cloverleaf Structure

Abstract In this study, we sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome of Eligma narcissus and compared it with 18 other lepidopteran species. The mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) was a circular molecule of 15,376 bp containing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes and an adenine (A) + thymine (T) − rich region. The positive AT skew (0.007) indicated the occurrence of more As than Ts. The arrangement of 13 PCGs was similar to that of other sequenced lepidopterans. All PCGs were initiated by ATN codons, except for the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene, which was initiated by the CGA sequence, as observed in other lepidopterans. The results of the codon usage analysis indicated that Asn, Ile, Leu, Tyr and Phe were the five most frequent amino acids. All tRNA genes were shown to be folded into the expected typical cloverleaf structure observed for mitochondrial tRNA genes. Phylogenetic relationships were analyzed based on the nucleotide sequences of 13 PCGs from other insect mitogenomes, which confirmed that E. narcissus is a member of the Noctuidae superfamily.

An additional record of Fejervarya manoharani Garg and Biju from the Western Ghats with a description of its complete mitochondrial genome

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4277 (4) ◽  
pp. 491 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. KUMAR KIRAN ◽  
V. S. ANOOP ◽  
K. C. SIVAKUMAR ◽  
RAGHUNATHAN DINESH ◽  
J. P. MANO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Control Region ◽  
Complete Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Gene Organization ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
Trna Genes ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Its Gene ◽  
Nd5 Gene

An additional sighting of newly described frog species, Fejervarya manoharani Garg and Biju, outside of the type locality along with their morphological data is reported herewith. We are also providing the whole DNA sequence of the mitochondrial genome with its gene organization as additional data to distinguish this species from its congeners. The mitogenome of F. manoharani was 17,654 bp in length. It contains 38 genes including two rRNAs, 23 tRNAs, 13 protein-coding genes and a control region. Similar to other dicroglossid frogs, a tandem duplication of tRNAMet was found. The ND5 gene was located at the 3' end of the control region like in three other Fejervarya species for which mitogenomic data are available. A rearrangement of four tRNA genes, namely Leucine, Threonine, Proline, and Phenylalanine, between ND5 and 12S rRNA, differing from other Fejervarya species, was also observed. 

scholarly journals The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Scolopendra mutilans L. Koch, 1878 (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae), with a comparative analysis of other centipede genomes

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 925 ◽  
pp. 73-88
Author(s):  
Chaoyi Hu ◽  
Shuaibin Wang ◽  
Bisheng Huang ◽  
Hegang Liu ◽  
Lei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Complete Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Gc Content ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Trna Genes ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Simple Sequence

Scolopendra mutilans L. Koch, 1878 is an important Chinese animal with thousands of years of medicinal history. However, the genomic information of this species is limited, which hinders its further application. Here, the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of S. mutilans was sequenced and assembled by next-generation sequencing. The genome is 15,011 bp in length, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 14 tRNA genes, and two rRNA genes. Most PCGs start with the ATN initiation codon, and all PCGs have the conventional stop codons TAA and TAG. The S. mutilans mitogenome revealed nine simple sequence repeats (SSRs), and an obviously lower GC content compared with other seven centipede mitogenomes previously sequenced. After analysis of homologous regions between the eight centipede mitogenomes, the S. mutilans mitogenome further showed clear genomic rearrangements. The phylogenetic analysis of eight centipedes using 13 conserved PCG genes was finally performed. The phylogenetic reconstructions showed Scutigeromorpha as a separate group, and Scolopendromorpha in a sister-group relationship with Lithobiomorpha and Geophilomorpha. Collectively, the S. mutilans mitogenome provided new genomic resources, which will improve its medicinal research and applications in the future.

scholarly journals The complete mitochondrial genome of Orancistrocerus aterrimus aterrimus and comparative analysis in the family Vespidae (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 790 ◽  
pp. 127-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiao-Hua Zhang ◽  
Pan Huang ◽  
Bin Chen ◽  
Ting-Jing Li
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Stop Codon ◽  
Translation Termination ◽  
Complete Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Trna Genes ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Tandem Repeat Sequences ◽  
The Family

To date, only one mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) in the Eumeninae has been reported in the world and this is the first report in China. The mitogenome ofO.a.aterrimusis 17 972 bp long, and contains 38 genes, including 13 protein coding genes (PCGs), 23 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, a long non-coding region (NCR), and a control region (CR). The mitogenome has 79.43% A + T content, its 13 PCGs use ATN as the initiation codon except forcox1using TTG, and nine genes used complete translation termination TAA and four genes have incomplete stop codon T (cox2,cox3,nad4, andcytb). Twenty-two of 23 tRNAs can form the typical cloverleaf secondary structure except fortrnS1. The CR is 1 078 bp long with 84.69% A+T content, comprising 28 bp tandem repeat sequences and 13 bp T-strech. There are two gene rearrangements which are an extratrnM2located betweentrnQandnad2and thetrnL2in the upstream ofnad1. Within all rearrangements of these mitogenomes reported in the family Vespidae, the translocation betweentrnS1andtrnEgenes only appears in Vespinae, and the translocation oftrnYin Polistinae and Vespinae. The absent codons of 13 PCGs in Polistinae are more than those both in Vespinae and Eumeninae in the family Vespidae. The study reports the complete mitogenome ofO.a.aterrimus, compares the characteristics and construct phylogenetic relationships of the mitogenomes in the family Vespidae.

scholarly journals Assembly and comparative analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of Suaeda glauca

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Cheng ◽  
Xiaoxue He ◽  
S. V. G. N. Priyadarshani ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Li Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Complete Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Sandy Beaches ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Trna Genes ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Landscape Plant ◽  
Suaeda Glauca ◽  
Mt Genome ◽  
Mitochondria Genome

Abstract Background Suaeda glauca is a halophyte widely distributed in saline and sandy beaches, with strong saline-alkali tolerance. It is also a beautiful landscape plant with high development prospects and scientific research value. The S. glauca chloroplast genome has recently been reported; however, the mitochondria genome is still unexplored. Results This study assembled the mitochondria genome and annotated the mitochondrial genes of S. glauca based on the Pacbio long reads. The circular mitochondrial genome of S. glauca has a length of 474,330 bp. The base composition of the S. glauca mt genome showed A (27.96%), T (28.01%), C (21.64%), G (21.64%). S. glauca mt genome has 51 genes, including 26 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 3 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis with common genes of 28 species resulted in similar morphological classification. Conclusions As a Chenopodiaceae species, S. glauca mt genome will provide insights into the missing pieces in the evolution of sex determination and improve genomic breeding in the future.

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