scholarly journals Diploid hybrid fish derived from the cross between female Bleeker’s yellow tail and male topmouth culter, two cyprinid fishes belonging to different subfamilies

BMC Genetics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengnan Li ◽  
Lihua Xie ◽  
Jun Xiao ◽  
Liujiao Yuan ◽  
Tian Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
5S Rdna ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Diploid Hybrid ◽  
Distant Hybridization ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Genetic Breeding ◽  
Fertile Female ◽  
Hybrid Fish ◽  
Fish Genetic Breeding

Abstract Background Bleeker’s yellow tail (Xenocypris davidi Bleeker, YT) and topmouth culter (Culter alburnus Basilewsky, TC) are both famous and important economic freshwater fish in China. YT, a kind of omnivorous fish, has strong resistance. TC, a kind of carnivorous fish, has high-quality meat but poor resistance. Distant hybridization can integrate the advantages of both parents. There has been no previous report regarding hybrid fish derived from female YT × male TC. It is expected that hybridization of these two kinds of fish will result in F1 hybrids with improved characteristics, such as faster growth rate, stronger resistance, and high-quality meat, which are of great significance in fish genetic breeding. Results In this study, we investigated the main biological characteristics of diploid hybrid fish derived from female YT × male TC. The hybrids had an intermediate number of upper lateral line scales between those for YT and TC. The hybrids were diploids with 48 chromosomes and had the same karyotype formula as their parents. The hybrids generated variations in 5S rDNA (designated class IV: 212 bp) and lost specific 5S rDNA derived from the maternal parent (designated class II: 221 bp), which might be related to hybridization. In terms of reproductive traits, all the tested female hybrids exhibited normal gonadal development, and the two-year-old F1 females produced mature eggs. However, all the tested testes of the male hybrids could not produce mature sperm. It is possible that the hybrid lineage will be established by back-crossing the fertile female hybrids and their parents. Conclusions Obtaining a fertile female hybrid fish made the creation of a new type of fish possible, which was significant in fish genetic breeding.

scholarly journals Asymmetric expression of homoeologous genes contributes to dietary adaption of an allodiploid hybrid fish derived from Megalobrama amblycephala (♀) × Culter alburnus (♂)

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wuhui Li ◽  
Shi Wang ◽  
Jie Hu ◽  
Chenchen Tang ◽  
Chang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Expression ◽  
Megalobrama Amblycephala ◽  
Genetic Breeding ◽  
Dietary Adaptation ◽  
Homoeologous Genes ◽  
Hybrid Fish ◽  
Culter Alburnus ◽  
Mechanistic Basis ◽  
Fish Genetic Breeding ◽  
Asymmetric Expression

Abstract Background Hybridization, which can quickly merge two or more divergent genomes and form new allopolyploids, is an important technique in fish genetic breeding. However, the merged subgenomes must adjust and coexist with one another in a single nucleus, which may cause subgenome interaction and dominance at the gene expression level and has been observed in some allopolyploid plants. In our previous studies, newly formed allodiploid hybrid fish derived from herbivorous Megalobrama amblycephala (♀) × carnivorous Culter alburnus (♂) had herbivorous characteristic. It is thus interesting to further characterize whether the subgenome interaction and dominance derive dietary adaptation of this hybrid fish. Results Differential expression, homoeolog expression silencing and bias were investigated in the hybrid fish after 70 days of adaptation to carnivorous and herbivorous diets. A total of 2.65 × 108 clean reads (74.06 Gb) from the liver and intestinal transcriptomes were mapped to the two parent genomes based on specific SNPs. A total of 2538 and 4385 differentially expressed homoeologous genes (DEHs) were identified in the liver and intestinal tissues between the two groups of fish, respectively, and these DEHs were highly enriched in fat digestion and carbon metabolism, amino acid metabolism and steroid biosynthesis. Furthermore, subgenome dominance were observed in tissues, with paternal subgenome was more dominant than maternal subgenome. Moreover, subgenome expression dominance controlled functional pathways in metabolism, disease, cellular processes, environment and genetic information processing during the two dietary adaptation processes. In addition, few but sturdy villi in the intestine, significant fat accumulation and a higher concentration of malondialdehyde in the liver were observed in fish fed carnivorous diet compared with fish fed herbivorous diet. Conclusions Our results indicated that diet drives phenotypic and genetic variation, and the asymmetric expression of homoeologous genes (including differential expression, expression silencing and bias) may play key roles in dietary adaptation of hybrid fish. Subgenome expression dominance may contribute to uncovering the mechanistic basis of heterosis and also provide perspectives for fish genetic breeding and application.

scholarly journals Cell fusion as the formation mechanism of unreduced gametes in the gynogenetic diploid hybrid fish

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Qingfeng Liu ◽  
Kaikun Luo ◽  
Xuan Chen ◽  
Jun Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fusion ◽  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Unreduced Gametes ◽  
Diploid Hybrid ◽  
Gynogenetic Diploid ◽  
Hybrid Fish

scholarly journals Chimeras Link to Tandem Repeats and Transposable Elements in Tetraploid Hybrid Fish

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihai Ye ◽  
Xiaojun Tang ◽  
Yiyi Chen ◽  
Li Ren ◽  
Fangzhou Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transposable Elements ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Artificial Chromosome ◽  
Strand Break ◽  
Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes ◽  
Distant Hybridization ◽  
Artificial Chromosomes ◽  
Hybrid Fish ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Allotetraploid Hybrid

AbstractThe formation of the allotetraploid hybrid lineage (4nAT) encompasses both distant hybridization and polyploidization processes. The allotetraploid offspring have two sets of sub-genomes inherited from both parental species and therefore it is important to explore its genetic structure. Herein, we construct a bacterial artificial chromosome library of allotetraploids, and then sequence and analyze the full-length sequences of 19 bacterial artificial chromosomes. Sixty-eight DNA chimeras are identified, which are divided into four models according to the distribution of the genomic DNA derived from the parents. Among the 68 genetic chimeras, 44 (64.71%) are linked to tandem repeats (TRs) and 23 (33.82%) are linked to transposable elements (TEs). The chimeras linked to TRs are related to slipped-strand mispairing and double-strand break repair while the chimeras linked to TEs are benefit from the intervention of recombinases. In addition, TRs and TEs are linked not only with the recombinations, but also with the insertions/deletions of DNA segments. We conclude that DNA chimeras accompanied by TRs and TEs coordinate a balance between the sub-genomes derived from the parents which reduces the genomic shock effects and favors the evolutionary and adaptive capacity of the allotetraploidization. It is the first report on the relationship between formation of the DNA chimeras and TRs and TEs in the polyploid animals.

Reproductive traits of the pompano, Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus, 1758), in the north-western Mediterranean

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 1053-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Villegas-Hernández ◽  
Marta Muñoz ◽  
Josep Lloret
Keyword(s):  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Trachinotus Ovatus ◽  
Annual Variations ◽  
The North ◽  
Fishing Vessels

This study describes for the first time the reproductive traits of the warm-water pompano, Trachinotus ovatus. Specimens were sampled from landings by artisanal fishing vessels in the NW Mediterranean. Monthly collections, from July 2010 through to September 2012, yielded 226 individuals (118 females and 108 males). The size at 50% maturity (L50) was estimated at 30.9 and 29.1 cm TL for females and males, respectively. Specific reproductive traits, such as oocyte size-frequency distributions, presence of recent post-ovulatory follicles along with oocytes in the final phases of gonadal development, and massive atresia in post-spawning individuals, indicated that pompanos are multiple batch spawners with asynchronous oocyte development and indeterminate fecundity. Monthly variations in the gonadosomatic index and in the phases of gonadal development indicated July and August as the spawning season. There were also noticeable inter-annual variations in spawning phenology, mean diameters of the oocytes, relative batch fecundity and eggs quality, all of which corresponded to changes in sea surface temperatures. This study enhances our understanding of the need for research into the reproduction of warm-water species, which are currently expanding into the increasingly warmer waters of the world's more northerly seas and oceans.

scholarly journals A chromosome-level reference genome of Ensete glaucum gives insight into diversity, chromosomal and repetitive sequence evolution in the Musaceae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziwei Wang ◽  
Mathieu Rouard ◽  
Manosh Kumar Biswas ◽  
Gaetan Droc ◽  
Dongli Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Genome ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Repetitive Sequences ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Sequence Evolution ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Chromosome Conformation ◽  
Genomic Resource

Background: Ensete glaucum (2n = 2x = 18) is a giant herbaceous monocotyledonous plant in the small Musaceae family along with banana (Musa). A high-quality reference genome sequence of E. glaucum offers a vital genomic resource for functional and evolutionary studies of Ensete, the Musaceae, and more widely in the Zingiberales. Findings: Using a combination of Illumina and Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) sequencing, genome-wide chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C), and RNA survey sequence, we report a high-quality assembly of the 481.5Mb genome with 9 pseudochromosomes and 36,836 genes (BUSCO 94.7%). A total of 55% of the genome is composed of repetitive sequences with LTR-retroelements (37%) and DNA transposons (7%) predominant. The 5S and 45S rDNA were each present at one locus, and the 5S rDNA had an exceptionally long monomer length of c.1,056 bp, contrasting with the c. 450 bp monomer at multiple loci in Musa. A tandemly repeated c. 134 bp satellite, 1.1% of the genome (with no similar sequence in Musa), was present around all nine centromeres, with a LINE retroelement also found at Musa centromeres. The assembly, including centromeric positions, enabled us to characterize in detail the chromosomal rearrangements occurring between the x = 9 species and x = 11 species of Musa. Only one chromosome has the same gene content as M. acuminata (ma). Three ma chromosomes represent part of only one E. glaucum (eg) chromosome, while the remaining seven ma chromosomes are fusions of parts of two, three, or four eg chromosomes, demonstrating complex and multiple evolutionary rearrangements in the change between x = 9 and x = 11. Conclusions: The advance towards a Musaceae pangenome including E. glaucum, tolerant of extreme environments, makes a complete set of gene alleles available for crop breeding and understanding environmental responses. The chromosome-scale genome assembly show how chromosome number evolves, and features of the rapid evolution of repetitive sequences.

scholarly journals The MEDITS maturity scales as a useful tool for investigating the reproductive traits of key species in the Mediterranean Sea

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (S1) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Follesa ◽  
Blondine Agus ◽  
Andrea Bellodi ◽  
Rita Cannas ◽  
Francesca Capezzuto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Essential Feature ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Key Species ◽  
Spawning Stock ◽  
First Maturity ◽  
Spawning Periods

Maturity is one of the most important biological parameters used in stock assessment programmes. Indeed, the macroscopic stage of gonadal development is an essential feature in estimating the maturity ogive and spawning stock biomass. It is also useful for determining the spawning season of a species and for monitoring long-term changes in the spawning cycle as well as for many other research needs related to the biology of fish. Despite the efforts made during the last few decades to standardize maturity stage data among all the researchers, marine biologists continue without a manageable and unique maturity scale to describe the reproductive development of fish gonads. For these reasons, the objectives of this article are 1) to investigate the biological parameters of five selected key species (Mullus barbatus, Galeus melastomus, Etmopterus spinax, Aristeus antennatus, Loligo vulgaris) with different reproductive strategies following the macroscopic maturity scales based on the same univocal criteria adopted in the MEDITS programme and described in this work; and 2) to compare them among some Mediterranean geographical sub-areas (GSAs) involved in the programme. Neither spawning periods nor size at first maturity (SFM50) for the studied species showed particular differences in the investigated GSAs.

scholarly journals The establishment of the fertile fish lineages derived from distant hybridization by overcoming the reproductive barriers

Reproduction ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 159 (6) ◽  
pp. R237-R249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingfeng Liu ◽  
Junmei Liu ◽  
Liujiao Yuan ◽  
Lu Li ◽  
Min Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
New Species ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Reproductive Barriers ◽  
Distant Hybridization ◽  
Genetic Breeding ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mendel’S Laws ◽  
Comprehensive Reference ◽  
Improved Characteristics

Distant hybridization refers to the cross between two different species or higher-ranking taxa. It is very significant if the new lineages with genetic variation, fertile ability, and improved characteristics can be established through distant hybridization. However, reproductive barriers are key limitations that must be overcome to establish fertile lineages derived from distant hybridization. In the present review, we discussed how distant hybridization is an important way to form new species by overcoming reproductive barriers and summarized effective measures to overcome reproductive barriers in order to create fertile lineages of fish distant hybridization. In addition, we described the utilization of the fish lineages derived from distant hybridization. Finally, we discussed the relationship between distant hybridization and Mendel’s laws, which generally apply to the inbred hybridization. We aim to provide a comprehensive reference for the establishment of fertile fish lineages by overcoming reproductive barriers and to emphasize the significance of fish distant hybridization in the fields of evolutionary biology, reproductive biology, and genetic breeding.

Antibacterial and immunoregulatory activity of a novel hepcidin homologue in diploid hybrid fish (Carassius auratus cuvieri ♀ × Carassius auratus red var ♂)

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 551-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Wei Luo ◽  
Zi-Ye Luo ◽  
Teng Yan ◽  
Kai-Kun Luo ◽  
Ping-Hui Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Diploid Hybrid ◽  
Hybrid Fish

scholarly journals Physical Map of FISH 5S rDNA and (AG3T3)3 Signals Displays Chimonanthus campanulatus R.H. Chang & C.S. Ding Chromosomes, Reproduces its Metaphase Dynamics and Distinguishes Its Chromosomes

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 904
Author(s):  
Xiaomei Luo ◽  
Jingyuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Physical Map ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Mitotic Metaphase ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Diversity ◽  
Subtelomeric Regions

Chimonanthus campanulatus R.H. Chang & C.S. Ding is a good horticultural tree because of its beautiful yellow flowers and evergreen leaves. In this study, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to analyse mitotic metaphase chromosomes of Ch. campanulatus with 5S rDNA and (AG3T3)3 oligonucleotides. Twenty-two small chromosomes were observed. Weak 5S rDNA signals were observed only in proximal regions of two chromosomes, which were adjacent to the (AG3T3)3 proximal signals. Weak (AG3T3)3 signals were observed on both chromosome ends, which enabled accurate chromosome counts. A pair of satellite bodies was observed. (AG3T3)3 signals displayed quite high diversity, changing in intensity from weak to very strong as follows: far away from the chromosome ends (satellites), ends, subtelomeric regions, and proximal regions. Ten high-quality spreads revealed metaphase dynamics from the beginning to the end and the transition to anaphase. Chromosomes gradually grew larger and thicker into linked chromatids, which grew more significantly in width than in length. Based on the combination of 5S rDNA and (AG3T3)3 signal patterns, ten chromosomes were exclusively distinguished, and the remaining twelve chromosomes were divided into two distinct groups. Our physical map, which can reproduce dynamic metaphase progression and distinguish chromosomes, will powerfully guide cytogenetic research on Chimonanthus and other trees.

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