scholarly journals Identification of Lactobacillus proteins with different recognition patterns between immune rabbit sera and nonimmune mice or human sera

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Górska ◽  
Barbara Buda ◽  
Ewa Brzozowska ◽  
Martin Schwarzer ◽  
Dagmar Srutkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Sera ◽  
Immune Rabbit

scholarly journals Leukocyte Antibodies in Human Sera and in Immune Rabbit Sera

Blood ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 953-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROY L. WALFORD ◽  
E. TAYLOR PETERSON ◽  
PATRICIA DOYLE
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Formation ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Delayed Reaction ◽  
Human Leukocytes ◽  
Human Sera ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Antigen Antibody ◽  
Leukocyte Antibody ◽  
Immune Rabbit

Abstract A study of leukocyte antibodies is presented using (1) the sera of rabbits immunized with human leukocytes, and (2) the sera of three patients screened for the presence of such antibodies from among 36 patients with hematologic disease, 31 of whom (including the 3 studied in detail) had received multiple transfusions. The following technics are described and were employed: Leukoagglutination, leukoprecipitation including tube and agar-plate methods, agglutination of antigen-coated tanned and untanned sheep erythrocytes, the effect of antisera upon phagocytosis of heat-killed staphylococci by leukocytes, and upon ameboid motility of leukocytes. The leukoagglutinin test gives reliable clearcut results providing that appropriate controls are included and certain criteria adhered to, in order to facilitate the recognition of clumping due to other factors than true antigen-antibody union. No leukoprecipitins were detected in human sera with the technics used in this study. Immune rabbit sera, on the other hand, gave two reaction-lines in agar media, when set up against leukocyte extract. Immune rabbit sera reacted strongly with antigen-coated tanned sheep red blood cells. Human sera did not so react. One of the three selected human sera reacted with antigen-coated untanned erythrocytes, suggesting the presence of a polysaccharide antigen extractable from human leukocytes and capable of stimulating antibody formation in the human. Immune rabbit sera, and other human sera, did not react in this test. A suggestive but perhaps not a conclusive effect upon phagocytosis of bacteria by leukocytes exposed to human leukocyte antibody for 1 hour could be demonstrated. By means of ameboid motility studies, a cytotoxic effect of the human antisera upon human leukocytes could be demonstrated after 18 hours of incubation, but not after 3 hours. This was interpreted as evidence of a delayed reaction. Certain cardinal points from a clinical and theoretical standpoint with regard to the genesis of leukocyte antibodies in man are briefly reviewed. A possible analogy between leukocyte antibody formation and the homograft reaction is discussed. It is suggested that the rarity of leukocyte iso-antibody formation following transfusion is related to the fact that the intravenous pathway may be a poor route of immunization for these antigens.

The bentonite flocculation test in the assay of Neisseria antibody

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 655-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Wallace ◽  
B. B. Diena ◽  
H. Yugi ◽  
L. Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Neisseria Meningitidis ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Flocculation Test ◽  
Treatment Clinic ◽  
Human Sera ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Immune Rabbit

A serological test for the assay of Neisseria antibody would be a valuable asset in the study of neisserial infections. Such a test, using bentonite particles sensitized with phenol-extracted and acetone-precipitated antigens from Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Neisseria meningitidis, has been developed. It has proved to be sensitive and specific in titrations against species-specific immune rabbit sera.In a survey of 454 human sera received from the Special Treatment Clinic (Ottawa), 77% of male gonorrhoea patients and 78% of the females had circulating gonococcal antibodies detectable by this test. Ninety-six percent of the control sera were negative. It is suggested that the bentonite technique could be used as an adjunct in the diagnosis of gonorrhoea.

scholarly journals ON THE MECHANISM OF OPSONIN AND BACTERIOTROPIN ACTION

1929 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 797-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balduin Lucké ◽  
Morton McCutcheon ◽  
Max Strumia ◽  
Stuart Mudd
Keyword(s):  
Surface Properties ◽  
Surface Potential ◽  
Rabbit Serum ◽  
Normal Rabbit Serum ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leucocytes ◽  
Bacterial Surface ◽  
Wetting Properties ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Human Sera ◽  
Immune Rabbit

The work reported in this and in previous papers (1, 7) demonstrates the following relations for acid-fast bacteria and rabbit polymorphonudear leucocytes: 1. The combination of a substance or substances present in fresh immune rabbit serum, heated or unheated, or in fresh unheated normal rabbit serum, with a substance or substances in the bacterial surface causes an increase in cohesiveness, decrease in surface potential difference and characteristic alteration in wetting properties of the bacteria, and prepares the bacteria for phagocytosis. 2. (a) The effective substance or substances in the serum may become so altered as the result of heating or aging that combination with the bacterial surface, while causing changes in bacterial surface properties indistinguishable by the present physical-chemical tests from these just mentioned, may not lead to phagocytosis, or may lead to phagocytosis with a prezone not paralleled by a prezone in the changes in surface properties. (b) Sensitization of bacteria with human sera causes changes in surface properties similar to those caused by rabbit sera, but does not lead to phagocytosis by rabbit leucocytes. The spreading requirements of rabbit polymorphonuclear leucocytes are evidently highly selective.

Artifact-free electron microscopic immunocytochemistry on rat brain tissue

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 272-273
Author(s):  
Veronika Burmeister ◽  
N. Ludvig ◽  
P.C. Jobe
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Free Electron ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Rabbit Serum ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Electron Microscopic Immunocytochemistry ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline ◽  
Rat Brain Tissue ◽  
Immune Rabbit

Electron microscopic immunocytochemistry provides an important tool to determine the ultrastructural distribution of various molecules in both normal and pathologic tissues. However, the specific immunostaining may be obscured by artifactual immunoreaction product, misleading the investigator. Previous observations show that shortening the incubation period with the primary antibody from the generally used 12-24 hours to 1 hour substantially reduces the artifactual immunostaining. We now extend this finding by the demonstration of artifact-free ultrastructural localization of the Ca2/calmodulindependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (CaM-dependent PDE) immunoreactivity in brain.Anesthetized rats were perfused transcardially with phosphate-buffered saline followed by a fixative containing paraformaldehyde (4%) and glutaraldehyde (0.25%) in PBS. The brains were removed, and 40μm sections were cut with a vibratome. The sections were processed for immunocytochemistry as described by Ludvig et al. Both non-immune rabbit serum and specific CaM-dependent PDE antibodies were used. In both experiments incubations were at one hour and overnight. The immunostained sections were processed for electron microscopic examination.

Detection of dengue virus in Aedes mosquitoes in Delhi, India

ENTOMON ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
Suresh Chand Kaushik ◽  
Sukhvir Singh ◽  
Purnima Srivastava ◽  
R. Rajendran
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Transmission Season ◽  
Aedes Mosquitoes ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Human Sera ◽  
Minimum Infection Rate

Detection of viruses in human sera particularly in endemic areas is cumbersome and laborious. Therefore, an alternative approach, Immuno-fluorescence assay (IFA) was performed to determine dengue virus (DENV) positivity in mosquitoes. A total of 1055 adult Aedes aegypti female mosquitoes were tested for IFA test against DENV. Minimum infection rate (MIR) for DENV was found higher during August to November 2016 ranging from 10.75 to 20.83. The average yearly MIR was about 6.64. Higher MIR for Ae. aegypti was found in Sarfabad, Noida (12.71) and Khoda Colony, Ghaziabad (11.90). Minimum MIR (4.67) was observed in Sanjay colony (Faridabad). The main contribution of this study resides in the development of a more suitable monitoring system for early detection of viral circulation and to prioritize early intervention in the non-transmission season.

IMMUNOLOGICAL REACTIVITY OF INSULIN IN HUMAN SERUM

1966 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Deckert ◽  
Kai R. Jorgensen
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subjects ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Pancreas ◽  
Porcine Pancreas ◽  
Crystalline Insulin ◽  
Endogenous Insulin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Human Sera ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
The One

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a difference could be demonstrated between crystalline insulin extracted from normal human pancreas, and crystalline insulin extracted from bovine and porcine pancreas. Using Hales & Randle's (1963) immunoassay no immunological differences could be demonstrated between human and pig insulin. On the other hand, a significant difference was found, between pig and ox insulin. An attempt was also made to determine whether an immunological difference could be demonstrated between crystalline pig insulin and crystalline human insulin from non diabetic subjects on the one hand and endogenous, circulating insulin from normal subjects, obese subjects and diabetic subjects on the other. No such difference was found. From these experiments it is concluded that endogenous insulin in normal, obese and diabetic human sera is immunologically identical with human, crystalline insulin from non diabetic subjects and crystalline pig insulin.

STUDIES ON SULFATION FACTOR (SF) ACTIVITY OF HUMAN SERUM

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXV (III) ◽  
pp. 381-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Almqvist
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Treatment Level ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Human Sera ◽  
Normal Humans ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Dose Levels

ABSTRACT The sulfation factor (SF) activity of human sera has been estimated using a modification of the method of Daughaday et al. (1959). Each assay was statistically evaluated. The method had a mean precision of 0.14 and, used as an assay of GH of human serum, a sensitivity in three pituitary dwarfs of 0.1 to 0.6 μg of HGH/ml of serum. SF activity was found at all ages between 1 month and 75 years. There was a significantly lower mean SF activity below the age of half a year. Three cases of pituitary dwarfism had significantly low SF activities of sera. There was no significant difference between the SF activities of sera from untreated pituitary dwarfs and the sera from normal children below half a year of age. Dose-response curves with large volumes of sera from pituitary dwarfs and small volumes of sera from normal humans had the same slopes. Four mg of HGH prepared according to the method of Li & Papkoff (1956) resulted in a normal serum SF activity in each of the three dwarfs. A significant (P < 0.01) linear relationship was found between the concentration of SF activity of sera from these subjects and the logarithm of the dose of HGH given with dose levels of 1, 2 and 4 mg daily for three days. The decline of serum SF activity to the pre-treatment level following HGH in one dwarf suggested a half life not different from that indicated by others for growth hormone.

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