Molecular adaptation to salinity fluctuation in tropical intertidal environments of a mangrove tree Sonneratia alba

Abstract Mangrove forests are key tropical marine ecosystems that are rich in fungi, but our understanding of fungal communities associated with mangrove trees and their various organs remains limited because much of the diversity lies within the microbiome. In this study, we investigated the fungal communities associated with the mangrove tree Sonneratia alba throughout Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore. At each sampling location, we collected leaves, fruits, pneumatophores and sediment samples and performed amplicon sequencing of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 to characterise the associated communities. Results show distinct fungal communities at each sampled location with further differentiation according to the plant part. We find a significant distance decay of similarity, particularly for sediment samples due to the greater variability of sediment environments relative to the more stable fungal habitats provided by living plant organs. We are able to assign taxonomy to the majority of sequences from leaves and fruits, but a much larger portion of the sequences recovered from pneumatophores and sediment samples could not be identified. This pattern underscores the limited mycological research performed in marine environments and demonstrates the need for a concerted research effort on multiple species to fully characterise the coastal microbiome and its role in the functioning of marine ecosystems.

Download Full-text

Genomic insights into molecular adaptation to intertidal environments in the mangrove Aegiceras corniculatum

New Phytologist ◽

10.1111/nph.17551 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiao Feng ◽

Guohong Li ◽

Shaohua Xu ◽

Weihong Wu ◽

Qipian Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Adaptation ◽

Aegiceras Corniculatum ◽

Intertidal Environments

Download Full-text

Struktur Dan Komposisi Vegetasi Mangrove Di Kawasan Laguna Segara Anakan Cilacap

Jurnal Bioterdidik: Wahana Ekspresi Ilmiah ◽

10.23960/jbt.v9i3.23026 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 202-216

Author(s):

Dewi Kresnasari ◽

◽

Arbi Mei Gitarama ◽

Keyword(s):

Middle Part ◽

Rapid Decline ◽

Organic C ◽

Mangrove Tree ◽

Nypa Fruticans ◽

Sonneratia Alba ◽

Water Ph ◽

Segara Anakan Lagoon ◽

Mangrove Communities ◽

Total Soil N

In coastal areas, mangrove communities have many functions economically, physically, and ecologically. One of the mangrove forest areas that is experiencing rapid decline in area is the Segara Anakan Lagoon, Cilacap. The purpose of this study was to determine the structure and composition of mangrove vegetation. Vegetation data was collected by purposive sampling method and each station was made 9 sampling plots. The results found that there are 12 species consisting of 4 major mangrove families, 1 minor mangrove family and 2 associated mangrove families. In general, the mangrove tree vegetation in the eastern part of Segara Anakan is dominated by Aegiceras corniculatum with an INP ranging from 38.99-67.23%, the middle part is dominated by Nypa fruticans with an INP ranging from 47.80-70.18% and the western part is dominated by Sonneratia alba with an INP of 56.32%. Environmental quality measures include water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, soil pH, water pH, TSS, total soil N, organic C, soil phosphate still support mangrove life.

Download Full-text

A high-quality genome of the mangrove Aegiceras corniculatum aids investigation of molecular adaptation to intertidal environments

10.1101/2020.12.28.424522 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xiao Feng ◽

Guohong Li ◽

Shaohua Xu ◽

Weihong Wu ◽

Qipian Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

High Salinity ◽

Molecular Adaptation ◽

Calcium Signal ◽

High Quality ◽

Protein Coding ◽

Aegiceras Corniculatum ◽

Protein Coding Genes ◽

Salt Secretion ◽

Intertidal Environments

AbstractMangroves have colonized extreme intertidal environments characterized by high salinity, hypoxia, and other abiotic stresses. During millions of years of evolution, mangroves have adapted to these habitats, evolving a series of highly specialized traits. Aegiceras corniculatum, a pioneer mangrove species that evolved salt secretion and crypto-vivipary, is an attractive ecological model to investigate molecular mechanisms underlying adaptation to intertidal environments. Here we report a high-quality reference genome of A. corniculatum using the PacBio SMRT sequencing technology, comprising 827 Megabases (Mb) and containing 32,092 protein-coding genes. The longest scaffold and N50 for the assembled genome are 13.76 Mb and 3.87 Mb. Comparative and evolutionary analyses revealed that A. corniculatum experienced a whole-genome duplication (WGD) event around 35 million years ago after the divergence between Aegiceras and Primula. We inferred that maintenance of cellular environmental homeostasis is an important adaptive process in A. corniculatum. The 14-3-3 protein-coding genes were retained after the recent WGD event, decoding a calcium signal to regulate Na+ homeostasis. A. corniculatum has more H+-ATPase coding genes, essential for the maintenance of low Na+ concentration in the cells, than its relatives. Photosynthesis and oxidative-phosphorylation pathways are overrepresented among significantly expanded gene families and might supply the energy needed for salt secretion. Genes involved in natural antioxidant biosynthesis, contributing to scavenging reactive oxygen species against high salinity, have also increased in copy number. We also found that all homologs of DELAY OF GERMINATION1 (DOG1), a pivotal regulator of seed dormancy, lost their heme-binding ability in A. corniculatum. This loss may contribute to crypto-vivipary. Our study provides a valuable resource to investigate molecular adaptation to extreme environments in mangroves.

Download Full-text

INTERCELLULAR SPACE SYSTEM IN XYLEM RAYS OF PNEUMATOPHORES IN SONNERATIA ALBA (SONNERATIACEAE) AND ITS POSSIBLE FUNCTIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

IAWA Journal ◽

10.1163/22941932-90000356 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 141-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Qiang Sun ◽

Kazutaka Kobayashi ◽

Mitsuo Suzuki

Keyword(s):

Intercellular Space ◽

Secondary Xylem ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Space System ◽

Intercellular Spaces ◽

Mangrove Species ◽

Mangrove Tree ◽

Sonneratia Alba ◽

Ray Cells ◽

End Wall

Sonneratia alba J. Smith is a fast-growing pioneer mangrove tree species, and woody pneumatophores are one of the main morphological characters distinguishing this species from other mangrove species. Xylem rays of the pneumatophores in S. alba were exclusively uni-seriate and homocellular with procumbent cells. Intercellular spaces developed mainly between rows of procumbent ray cells to form continuous canals along the pneumatophore radius. Short axial intercellular spaces were present at the end wall sites of spindle-like procumbent ray cells within the same row, and interconnected with the neighboring radial intercellular canals into an intercellular space network within the xylem rays. The radial intercellular canals of xylem rays were larger in the outer secondary xylem than in the inner secondary xylem of a pneumatophore, and in the underground part than in the aboveground part. Blind pits (unilateral pits) towards the radial intercellular canals developed in the radial walls of vessels and the transverse walls of ray cells. The blind pits of vessels were bordered and vestured, and arranged radially in two regular rows in larger radial intercellular canals, but in one row or diffusely in narrower canals. The structural characters of the xylem rays and the intercellular space system of the pneumatophore suggest their possible involvement in water transport in the secondary xylem. An intercellular space system did not occur in xylem rays of the cable roots and stems of this species.

Download Full-text

Vegetasi Mangrove sebagai Bahan Makanan pada Empat Suku di Papua Mangrove Vegetation as Foods amongst Ethnics in Papua

Journal of Biota ◽

10.24002/biota.v16i1.63 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mahmud Mahmud

Keyword(s):

Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza ◽

Nypa Fruticans ◽

Sonneratia Alba ◽

Mangrove Vegetation ◽

Ceriops Tagal

Vegetasi mangrove merupakan salah satu bagian penting dalam kehidupan masyarakat Papua. Penelitian dilakukan dengan observasi lapangan dan telah pustaka. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui vegetasi mangrove yang dipergunakan sebagai bahan makanan pada empat suku yang ada di Papua Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 7 jenis dari 3 suku vegetasi mangrove yang dimanfaatkan sebagai makanan. Ke-7 jenis tersebut :Bruguiera gymnorrhiza Lam, Ceriops tagal B.Rob, Nypa fruticans Wurmb, Bruquiera parviflora, Rhizopora apiculata, Sonneratia alba J.Sm, dan Sonneratia avota dari 3 suku Rhizophoraceae, Sonneratiaceae, Arecaceae. Kegunaan vegetasi mangrove sebagai bahan makanan di antaranya: sebagai makanan pokok, rujakan, pengganti pinang, pengganti kelapa, penambah rasa, dan minuman.

Download Full-text