Faculty Opinions recommendation of Changes in spatial behaviour patterns by mangrove tree crabs following climate-induced range shift into novel habitat.

AbstractTwo common strategies organisms use to finance reproduction are capital breeding (using energy stored prior to reproduction) and income breeding (using energy gathered during the reproductive period). Understanding which of these two strategies a species uses can help in predicting its population dynamics and how it will respond to environmental change. Brachyuran crabs have historically been considered capital breeders as a group, but recent evidence has challenged this assumption. Here, we focus on the mangrove tree crab, Aratus pisonii, and examine its breeding strategy on the Atlantic Florida coast. We collected crabs during and after their breeding season (March–October) and dissected them to discern how energy was stored and utilized for reproduction. We found patterns of reproduction and energy storage that are consistent with both the use of stored energy (capital) and energy acquired (income) during the breeding season. We also found that energy acquisition and storage patterns that supported reproduction were influenced by unequal tidal patterns associated with the syzygy tide inequality cycle. Contrary to previous assumptions for crabs, we suggest that species of crab that produce multiple clutches of eggs during long breeding seasons (many tropical and subtropical species) may commonly use income breeding strategies.

Download Full-text

5.1 A 1.5μW 0.135pJ·%RH2 CMOS Humidity Sensor Using Adaptive Range-Shift Zoom CDC and Power-Aware Floating Inverter Amplifier Array

2021 IEEE International Solid- State Circuits Conference (ISSCC) ◽

10.1109/isscc42613.2021.9365931 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Heyi Li ◽

Zhichao Tan ◽

Yuanxin Bao ◽

Han Xiao ◽

Hao Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Humidity Sensor ◽

Range Shift

Download Full-text

An Orchid in Retrograde: Climate-Driven Range Shift Patterns of Ophrys helenae in Greece

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10030470 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 470

Author(s):

Martha Charitonidou ◽

Konstantinos Kougioumoutzis ◽

John M. Halley

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Models ◽

Species Distribution Modelling ◽

Range Shift ◽

Last Interglacial ◽

Distribution Modelling ◽

Species Response ◽

Northwestern Greece ◽

The Last Glacial Maximum ◽

The Last Glacial

Climate change is regarded as one of the most important threats to plants. Already species around the globe are showing considerable latitudinal and altitudinal shifts. Helen’s bee orchid (Ophrys helenae), a Balkan endemic with a distribution center in northwestern Greece, is reported to be expanding east and southwards. Since this southeastern movement goes against the usual expectations, we investigated via Species Distribution Modelling, whether this pattern is consistent with projections based on the species’ response to climate change. We predicted the species’ future distribution based on three different climate models in two climate scenarios. We also explored the species’ potential distribution during the Last Interglacial and the Last Glacial Maximum. O. helenae is projected to shift mainly southeast and experience considerable area changes. The species is expected to become extinct in the core of its current distribution, but to establish a strong presence in the mid- and high-altitude areas of the Central Peloponnese, a region that could have provided shelter in previous climatic extremes.

Download Full-text

Mangrove tree (Avicennia marina): insight into chloroplast genome evolutionary divergence and its comparison with related species from family Acanthaceae

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-83060-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sajjad Asaf ◽

Abdul Latif Khan ◽

Muhammad Numan ◽

Ahmed Al-Harrasi

Keyword(s):

Chloroplast Genome ◽

Related Species ◽

Evolutionary Genetics ◽

Single Copy ◽

Avicennia Marina ◽

Pairwise Distance ◽

Trna Genes ◽

Evolutionary Divergence ◽

Mangrove Tree ◽

High Degree

AbstractAvicennia marina (family Acanthaceae) is a halotolerant woody shrub that grows wildly and cultivated in the coastal regions. Despite its importance, the species suffers from lack of genomic datasets to improve its taxonomy and phylogenetic placement across the related species. Here, we have aimed to sequence the plastid genome of A. marina and its comparison with related species in family Acanthaceae. Detailed next-generation sequencing and analysis showed a complete chloroplast genome of 150,279 bp, comprising 38.6% GC. Genome architecture is quadripartite revealing large single copy (82,522 bp), small single copy (17,523 bp), and pair of inverted repeats (25,117 bp). Furthermore, the genome contains 132 different genes, including 87 protein-coding genes, 8 rRNA, 37 tRNA genes, and 126 simple sequence repeats (122 mononucleotide, 2 dinucleotides, and 2 trinucleotides). Interestingly, about 25 forward, 15 reversed and 14 palindromic repeats were also found in the A. marina. High degree synteny was observed in the pairwise alignment with related genomes. The chloroplast genome comparative assessment showed a high degree of sequence similarity in coding regions and varying divergence in the intergenic spacers among ten Acanthaceae species. The pairwise distance showed that A. marina exhibited the highest divergence (0.084) with Justicia flava and showed lowest divergence with Aphelandra knappiae (0.059). Current genomic datasets are a valuable resource for investigating the population and evolutionary genetics of family Acanthaceae members’ specifically A. marina and related species.

Download Full-text

North Atlantic warming over six decades drives decreases in krill abundance with no associated range shift

Communications Biology ◽

10.1038/s42003-021-02159-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Martin Edwards ◽

Pierre Hélaouët ◽

Eric Goberville ◽

Alistair Lindley ◽

Geraint A. Tarling ◽

...

Keyword(s):

North Atlantic ◽

Range Shift ◽

The Core ◽

Krill Abundance ◽

The North ◽

Living Space ◽

Warming Climate ◽

Two Temperatures ◽

The North Atlantic

AbstractIn the North Atlantic, euphausiids (krill) form a major link between primary production and predators including commercially exploited fish. This basin is warming very rapidly, with species expected to shift northwards following their thermal tolerances. Here we show, however, that there has been a 50% decline in surface krill abundance over the last 60 years that occurred in situ, with no associated range shift. While we relate these changes to the warming climate, our study is the first to document an in situ squeeze on living space within this system. The warmer isotherms are shifting measurably northwards but cooler isotherms have remained relatively static, stalled by the subpolar fronts in the NW Atlantic. Consequently the two temperatures defining the core of krill distribution (7–13 °C) were 8° of latitude apart 60 years ago but are presently only 4° apart. Over the 60 year period the core latitudinal distribution of euphausiids has remained relatively stable so a ‘habitat squeeze’, with loss of 4° of latitude in living space, could explain the decline in krill. This highlights that, as the temperature warms, not all species can track isotherms and shift northward at the same rate with both losers and winners emerging under the ‘Atlantification’ of the sub-Arctic.

Download Full-text