Struktur Komunitas Vegetasi Mangrove Di Pesisir Pantai Kepulauan Karimunjawa

Mangrove merupakan tumbuhan yang berada di wilayah intertidal pesisir laut. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis struktur vegetasi mangrove (frekuensi, kerapatan, dominan) dan karakteristik habitatnya (kualitas lingkungan) di kawasan pesisir pantai kepulauan Karimunjawa. Penelitian dilakukan pada Desember 2019 di 3 stasiun dengan metode plot bertingkat, masing-masing stasiun dibuat 3 transek yang berukuran 10m x 10m (pohon), 5m x 5m (pancang), dan 2m x 2m (semai). Hasil penelitian ditemukan 7 jenis mangrove yaitu Rhizophora stylosa, Avicennia marina, Rhizophora apiculata, Ceriops tagal, Excoecaria agallocha, Lumnitzera racemosa, dan Ceriops decandra. Indeks nilai penting tumbuhan mangrove pada strata pohon, pancang, dan semai paling tinggi adalah Rhizopora stylosa (244,77%), (163,03%), dan (157,96%). Nilai kerapatan Rhizopora stylosa tingkat pohon, tingkat pancang dan semai yaitu (2.500-10.100 ind/ha), (10.400-48.400 ind/ha), dan (97.500-280.000 ind/ha). Kondisi lingkungan di sekitar kawasan mangrove yaitu rata-rata suhu (28,75%), pasir (10,75%), lanau (51,46%/), lempung (37,79%), salinitas (26,60%), pH (7,26), DO (3,28 mg/L), N total tanah (0,24%), P total tanah (120,49 ppm), C Organik tanah (2,10%), N total air (0,28%), P total air (0,27 mg/L), C Organik air (1,56 mg/L).ABSTRACTMangroves are a plant that are found in the intertidal area of marine coastal environments. The study aim to analyze structure of mangrove vegetation (frequency, density, and dominance) and the mangrove habitat (environmental condition) in Coastal Coast Karimunjawa Island. The research was conducted in December 2019 at the three stations using the stratified plot method, and one stations divided three observation transects sized 10m x 10m (trees), 5m x 5m (saplings), and 2m x 2m (seedlings). The result of the study found seven mangroves species were Rhizophora stylosa, Avicennia marina, Rhizophora apiculata, Ceriops tagal, Excoecaria agallocha, Lumnitzera racemosa, and Ceriops decandra. The highest value index of mangroves for trees, saplings and seedlings is the highest Rhizopora stylosa (244,77%), (163,03%), and (157,96%). Density value Rhizopora stylosa in tree level, saplings, and seedlings were (2.500-10.100 ind/ha), (10.400-48.400 ind/ha), dan (97.500-280.000 ind/ha). The environmental conditions around the mangrove area are average temperature (28,75%), sand (10,75%), silt (51,46%/), clay (37,79%), salinity (26,60%), pH (7,26), Dissolved Oxygen (3,28 mg/L), N total land (0,24%), P total land (120,49 ppm), C Organic land (2,10%), N total water (0,28%), P total water (0,27 mg/L), C Organic water (1,56 mg/L).

Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anticorrosive Activities of Ceriops tagal Plant Extract

Mangroves are plants known for their various medicinal and economical values, and therefore are widely investigated for their phytochemical, antioxidant, antidiarrheal, and antimicrobial activities. In the present study, we analyze the antioxidant and anticorrosive properties of Ceriops tagal (C. tagal), a tropical and subtropical mangrove plant of the Rhizophoraceae family. The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were found to be 101.52 and 35.71 mg/g, respectively. The extract (100 µg/mL) exhibited 83.88, 85, and 87% antioxidant property against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide, and hydrogen peroxide free radicals. In addition, 600 ppm of C. tagal extract showed 95% corrosion inhibition against 1 M HCl attack on mild steel at 303 ± 1 K, which declined over other concentrations and temperatures, where AAS produced 82% inhibition at 600 ppm. UV-visible spectroscopy analysis revealed the formation of an inhibitor metal complex. The elemental analysis provided the presence of 84.21, 9.01, and 6.37% of Fe, O, and C, respectively, in inhibited mild steel, whereas the same were 71.54, 22.1, and 4.34%, respectively, in uninhibited specimen, stressing the presence of protective film on the metal surface. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also showed some noteworthy changes in both uninhibited and inhibited mild steel, making C. tagal plant a better alternative than any other synthetic inhibitors. Further, the atomic force microscopy (AFM) surface topography analysis showed that 600 ppm of C. tagal extract significantly diminished corrosion on the surface of mild steel.

KONDISI VEGETASI DAN PERUBAHAN TUTUPAN LAHAN EKOSISTEM MANGROVE PULAU TANAKEKE KABUPATEN TAKALAR PROVINSI SULAWESI SELATAN

Ekosistem mangrove merupakan salah satu ekosistem pesisir dengan tingkat produktivitas yang tinggi, sehingga keberadaannya dapat memperkaya kawasan pesisir dan menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan perubahan luasan dan sebaran ekosistem mangrove dalam kurun waktu 20 tahun, yakni dari tahun 2000 sampai dengan 2020 dan untuk mengetahui kondisi vegetasi ekosistem mangrove di Pulau Tanakeke. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Januari hingga April 2020 di Pulau Tanakeke. Penentuan lokasi penelitian menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Analisis perubahan luasan ekosistem mangrove dari tahun 2000 sampai 2020 menggunakan metode supervised classification dengan analisis maximum likelihood, sedangkan kondisi vegetasi ekosistem mangrove menggunakan metode analisis indeks nilai penting (INP) dan indeks keanekaragaman jenis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekosistem mangrove di Pulau Tanakeke dari tahun 2000 sampai 2020 mengalami degradasi seluas -337,41 ha (28,32% dari luas tahun 2000). Pada lokasi penelitian ditemukan 9 jenis mangrove, yaitu Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Ceriops tagal, Rhizophora stylosa, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia alba, Phemphis acidula, Lumnitzera racemosa dan Ceriops decandra. Mangrove jenis Rhizophora mucronata memiliki indeks nilai penting tertinggi yaitu sebesar 192,55%, sementara untuk keanekaragaman jenis secara umum tergolong rendah.

Tannins Compound In Soga Tingi Bark (Ceriops Tagal) As Natural Dyes

<p>In general, natural dyes for textile materials are obtained from extracts part of the plants such as roots, wood, leaves, seeds, and flower. Textile industry especially batik craftsman, have known many plants that can dye textile materials, such as indigo (<em>indigofera</em><em>)</em>, soga tingi bark (<em>Ceriops tagal</em><em>)</em>, tegeran wood (<em>Cudraina javanensis</em><em>)</em>, turmeric (<em>Curcuma</em>), tea (<em>The</em>), noni root (<em>Morinda citrifelia</em>), soga jambal bark <em>(Pelthophorum ferruginum</em>), kesumba (<em>Bixa orelana</em>), and guava leaf (<em>Psidiumguajava</em>). Soga tingi bark chosen because it can produce tannins which can be used as natural dyes. The purpose of this research was to obtained tannin content in soga tingi bark as qualitatively and quantitatively. The analysis carried out is FTIR and HPLC method. FTIR analysis carried out to determine of the compounds contained in the soga tingi bark extraction. Based on FTIR analysis it can be seen that there are O-H and N-H group in the wavenumber 3375,13 cm^-1. C=O bond at wavenumber 1739,16 cm^-1. C=C bond at wavenumber 1624,31 cm^-1. C-H bond at wavenumbers 2970,72 cm^-1, 1456,39 cm^-1, and 1365,74 cm^-1. NO₂ bond at wavenumber 1365,74 cm^-1. C-N bond at wavenumbers 1228,69 cm^-1 and 1217,34 cm^-1. And C-O bond at wavenumbers 1228,69 cm^-1, 1217,34 cm^-1, and 1052,3 cm^-1. While HPLC analysis carried out to determine contains tannin level in the soga tingi bark extraction. HPLC conditions used are Flowrate: 1 mL/min, Mobile phase: MeOH : H₂O (50:50), λ: 271 nm and Column: C18, 250 mm. Based on HPLC analysis it is known that the contains tannin level in the soga tingi bark extraction is 22,44 ppm.</p>

Potential of Natural Regeneration Mangrove Seedling on The Coast of Davi Village Biak Numfor Regency, Papua

Mangrove ecosystem is an important ecosystem in coastal areas which is a habitat for various types of organisms. The existence of mangrove ecosystems in nature is strongly influenced by the availability of mangrove seedlings and seedlings because they are closely related to the secondary succession process in natural habitats. This research was conducted to analyze the potential for regeneration of mangrove seedlings in the coastal area of Dafi Village, Biak Numfor Regency, Papua. Data collection on the potential for regeneration of mangrove seedlings was carried out using the belt transect method. Analysis of species composition and structure of mangrove vegetation at the seedling level used analysis of species density, relative density, species frequency, relative frequency, and important value index. A total of seven mangrove species were found in the coastal area of Dafi Village, Biak Numfor Regency, consisting of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Bruguiera cylindrica, Ceriops Tagal, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora Stylosa, and Lumnitzera racemoza. The highest species density and relative density values were found in Bruguiera gymnorrizha and Cerops tagal, while the lowest was Rhizophora mucronata and Lumnitzera racemoza. The highest value of species frequency and relative frequency was Bruguiera gymnorrizha, while the lowest was Rhizophora mucronata. The highest Importance Value Index (INP) of mangrove seedlings was found in Ceriops tagal and Bruguiera gymnorrizha, while Rhizophora mucronata had the lowest INP compared to other species.Keywords: Mangrove Ecosystem; Mangrove Regeneration; Important Value Index AbstrakEkosistem mangrove merupakan ekosistem penting di wilayah pesisir yang menjadi habitat bagi berbagai jenis organisme. Keberadaan ekosistem mangrove dialam sangat dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan anakan dan semai mangrove, karena sangat berkaitan erat dengan proses suksesi sekunder pada habitat alami. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan menganalisis potensi regenerasi semai mangrove di Pesisir Kampung Dafi Kabupaten Biak Numfor Papua. Pengumpulan data potensi regenerasi semai mangrove dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode belt transek. Analisis komposisi jenis dan struktur vegetasi mangrove tingkat semai menggunakan analisis kerapatan jenis, kerapatan relatif, frekuensi jenis, frekuensi relatif, dan indeks nilai penting. Total tujuh jenis mangrove ditemukan di Pesisir Kampung Dafi Kabupaten Biak Numfor yang terdiri atas jenis Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Bruguiera cylindrica, Ceriops Tagal, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora Stylosa, dan Lumnitzera racemoza. Nilai kerapatan jenis dan kerapatan relatif tertinggi ditemukan pada jenis Bruguiera gymnorrizha dan Cerops tagal, sedangkan terrendah adalah jenis Rhizophora mucronata dan Lumnitzera racemoza. Nilai frekuensi jenis dan frekuensi relatif tertinggi adalah jenis Bruguiera gymnorrizha sedangkan yang terendah adalah jenis Rhizophora mucronata. Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) semai mangrove tertinggi ditemukan pada jenis Ceriops tagal dan Bruguiera gymnorrizha sedangkan jenis Rhizophora mucronata memiliki INP terrendah dibanding jenis lainnya.Kata kunci: Ekosistem Mangrove; Regenerasi Mangrove; Indeks Nilai Penting

Community of Mangrove Category Tree and Sapling in The Sekotong Bay, West Lombok

Community of mangrove in the Bay of Sekotong, West Lombok was studied to know the species composition, individual density of each species, and percentage covering of mangrove canopy. Total 28 plots of 10 m x 10 m were set in 9 transects in 5 stations. Photographs of canopy covering and mangrove community composition were analyzed by using software ImageJ and template spreadsheet 10x10, the new version of March 2018. The community of mangrove of Sekotong bay, West Lombok consists of 8 species, 5 genera, and 4 families. Rhizophora apiculata & Rhizophora stylosa were recorded in seven of nine transects (78% of transect). Ceriops tagal was a species that was also recorded to have the highest density (3700 trees/ha) in transect SKTM02B. The average density of the mangrove sapling category was higher than the mangrove tree category. The three highest covering percentages of canopi mangrove community took place in transects SKTM01A, SKTM01B, and SKTM04T.