Responses of leaf morphology, NSCs contents and C:N:P stoichiometry of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Schima superba to shading

Abstract Background: An understanding of the light requirement of tree species has paramount importance in management of mixed species forests. Here, we examined changes in leaf morphological traits, non-structural carbohydrate contents and C:N:P stoichiometry in Cunninghamia lanceolata and Schima superba seedlings that were grown under five light intensity levels (5%, 15%, 40%, 60%, and 100% sunlight) in a shade house. Results: Mean leaf area was significantly larger under 40% light intensity for C. lanceolata while maximum mean leaf area was observed under 15% light intensity for S. superba seedlings, whereas leaf mass per area decreased consistently with decreasing light intensity in S. superba; Non-structural carbohydrate content was higher for S. superba than C. lanceolata when seedlings were exposed to 100%, 15% and 5% light intensity; Leaf C:N ratio decreased while N:P ratio increased with decreasing light intensity; leaf C:P ratio was highest in 40% light intensity for C. lanceolata and in 60% light intensity for S. superba. Conclusion: S. superba is better adapted to low light intensity than C. lanceolata through enlarged leaf area and increased carbohydrate reserves that allow the plant to better maintain C balance. From mixed species planting viewpoint, it would be advisable to plant S. superba later once the canopy of C. lanceolata is well developed but allowing enough sunlight (up to 15%-60%).

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Diverging Responses of Two Subtropical Tree Species (Schima superba and Cunninghamia lanceolata) to Heat Waves

Forests ◽

10.3390/f11050513 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 513

Author(s):

Luping Qu ◽

Hans J. De Boeck ◽

Huihua Fan ◽

Gang Dong ◽

Jiquan Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Transport ◽

Tree Species ◽

Heat Waves ◽

Cunninghamia Lanceolata ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Xylem Embolism ◽

Schima Superba ◽

High Vapor ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Coniferous Tree Species

The frequency and intensity of heat waves (HWs) has increased in subtropical regions in recent years. The mechanism underlying the HW response of subtropical trees remains unclear. In this study, we conducted an experiment with broad-leaved Schima superba (S. superba) and coniferous Cunninghamia lanceolata (C. lanceolata) seedlings to examine HW (5-day long) effects on stem water transport, leaf water use efficiency (WUE), morphology and growth, and to elucidate differences in the responses of both species. Our results indicated that HWs can significantly reduce hydraulic conductivity in both species. C. lanceolata experienced significant xylem embolism, with the percentage loss of conductivity (PLC) increasing by 40%, while S. superba showed a non-significant increase in PLC (+25%). Furthermore, HW also caused a reduction in photosynthesis rates (An), but transpiration rates (Tr) increased on the 5th day of the HW, together leading to a significant decrease in leaf WUE. From diurnal dynamics, we observed that the HW caused significant decrease of S. superba An only in the morning, but nearly the all day for C. lanceolata. During the morning, with a high vapor pressure deficit (VPD) environment, the HW increased Tr, which contributed a lot to latently cooling the foliage. In comparing the two tree species, we found that HW effects on S. superba were mostly short-term, with leaf senescence but limited or no xylem embolism. The surviving S. superba recovered rapidly, forming new branches and leaves, aided by their extensive root systems. For C. lanceolata, continued seedling growth initially but with subsequent xylem embolism and withering of shoots, led to stunted recovery and regrowth. In conclusion, apart from the direct thermal impacts caused by HW, drought stress was the main cause of significant negative effects on plant water transport and the photosynthetic system. Furthermore, S. superba and C. lanceolata showed clearly different responses to HW, which implies that the response mechanisms of broad-leaved and coniferous tree species to climate change can differ.

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Soil C:N:P Stoichiometry across Forest Communities in Eastern Guangdong, China

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.5297 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 518-523 ◽

pp. 5297-5301 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jing Peng Li ◽

Dong Sun ◽

Zhi Yao Su

Keyword(s):

Pinus Massoniana ◽

P Element ◽

Forest Communities ◽

C:N:P Stoichiometry ◽

Schima Superba ◽

Community Classification ◽

C:P Ratio ◽

Significant Difference ◽

High Concentrations ◽

C:P Ratios

Stoichiometric characteristics of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (N) and total phosphorus (P) across forest communities were investigated based on community classification in Changtan Nature Reserve, Guangdong province, China. Results are as follows: (1) the monsoon broadleaved forest had high concentrations of SOC, N and P as compared with other community types. The highest concentration of SOC (39.2±2.3 g•kg-1) was found in the Schima superba community, while the highest concentration of N (2.21±0.24 g•kg-1) occurred in the Castanopsis fissa community, which also had the highest P concentration. Pinus massoniana community had the lowest concentrations of SOC, N, and P, especially lacking in P element. (2) Communities which had longer succession time exhibited a high C:P ratio. The Schima superba and Castanopsis fissa communities had the highest C:P ratios (301.0 and 304.2, respectively); in contrast, soil C:P ratio in the Cunninghamia lanceolata community was only 150.0. (3) The highest and lowest ratios of soil C:N were found in monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest (36.6) and Schima superba community (17.0), respectively, which was significantly different (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found in the N:P ratios among the five communities.

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Soil C:N:P stoichiometry of typical coniferous (Cunninghamia lanceolata) and/or evergreen broadleaved (Phoebe bournei) plantations in south China

Forest Ecology and Management ◽

10.1016/j.foreco.2021.118974 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 486 ◽

pp. 118974

Author(s):

Zhongcheng Wang ◽

Gongxiu He ◽

Zihang Hou ◽

Zhong Luo ◽

Sixing Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South China ◽

Cunninghamia Lanceolata ◽

C:N:P Stoichiometry ◽

Phoebe Bournei

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal colonization and soil pH induced by nitrogen and phosphorus additions affects leaf C:N:P stoichiometry in Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) forests

Plant and Soil ◽

10.1007/s11104-021-04831-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Meihua Liu ◽

Yikang Shen ◽

Quan Li ◽

Wenfa Xiao ◽

Xinzhang Song

Keyword(s):

Soil Ph ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Chinese Fir ◽

Cunninghamia Lanceolata ◽

Fungal Colonization ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

C:N:P Stoichiometry ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal

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Responses of leaf morphology, NSCs contents and C:N:P stoichiometry of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Schima superba to shading

10.21203/rs.3.rs-21841/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Qingqing Liu ◽

Zhijun Huang ◽

Zhengning Wang ◽

Yanfang Chen ◽

Zhumei Wen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Light Stress ◽

C:N Ratio ◽

Light Condition ◽

Low Light ◽

C:N:P Stoichiometry ◽

Schima Superba ◽

C:P Ratio ◽

Soluble Sugar And Starch

Abstract Background: The non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs), carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) are important energy source or nutrients for all plant growth and metabolism. To persist in shaded understory, saplings have to maintain the dynamic balance of carbon and nutrients, such as leaf NSCs, C, N and P. To improve understanding of the nutrient utilization strategies between shade-tolerant and shade-intolerant species, we therefore compared the leaf NSCs, C, N, P in respond to shade between seedlings of shade-tolerant Schima superba and shade-intolerant Cunninghamia lanceolate. Shading treatments were created with five levels (0%, 40%, 60%, 85%, 95% shading degree) to determine the effect of shade on leaf NSCs contents and C:N:P stoichiometry characteristics.Results: Mean leaf area was significantly larger under 60% shading degree for C. lanceolata while maximum mean leaf area was observed under 85% shading degree for S. superba seedlings, whereas leaf mass per area decreased consistently with increasing shading degree in both species. In general, both species showed decreasing NSC, soluble sugar and starch contents with increasing shading degree. However shade-tolerant S. superba seedlings exhibited higher NSC, soluble sugar and starch content than shade-intolerant C. lanceolate. The soluble sugar/starch ratio of C. lanceolate decreased with increasing shading degree, whereas that of S. superb remained stable. Leaf C:N ratio decreased while N:P ratio increased with increasing shading degree; leaf C:P ratio was highest in 60% shading degree for C. lanceolata and in 40% shading degree for S. superba. Conclusion: S. superba is better adapted to low light condition than C. lanceolata through enlarged leaf area and increased carbohydrate reserves that allow the plant to cope with low light stress. From mixed plantation viewpoint, it would be advisable to plant S. superba later once the canopy of C. lanceolata is well developed but allowing enough sunlight.

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Karakter Morfologi Daun Ubi Jalar Sebagai Bahan Pangan Suku Dani Distrik Kurulu Jayawijaya

Agrotek ◽

10.30862/agt.v2i3.479 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Antonius Suparno ◽

Opalina Logo ◽

Dwiana Wasgito Purnomo

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Leaf Morphology ◽

Food Source ◽

Staple Food ◽

Sweet Potatoes ◽

General Outline ◽

Leaf Vein ◽

Mature Leaves ◽

Young Leaves ◽

Tuber Roots

Sweet potato serves as a staple food for people in Jayawijaya. Many cultivars of sweet potatoes have been cultivated by Dani tribe in Kurulu as foot for their infant, child and adult as well as feeding especially for pigs. Base on the used of sweet potatoes as food source for infant and child, this study explored 10 different cultivars. As for the leaf morphology, it was indentified that the mature leaves have size around 15 � 18 cm. general outline of the leaf is reniform (40%), 60% have green colour leaf, 50% without leaf lobe, 60% of leaf lobes number is one, 70% of shape of central leaf lobe is toothed. Abazial leaf vein pigmentation have purple (40%), and petiole pigmentation is purple with green near leaf (60%), besides its tuber roots, sweet potatoes are also harvested for its shoots and green young leaves for vegetables.

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