scholarly journals Aerobic exercise, but not isometric handgrip exercise, improves endothelial function and arterial stiffness in patients with myocardial infarction undergoing coronary intervention: a randomized pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel P. Kollet ◽  
Ana Beatriz Marenco ◽  
Nathan L. Bellé ◽  
Eduardo Barbosa ◽  
Liliana Boll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Brachial Artery Diameter

Abstract Background Aerobic exercise improves endothelial function and arterial stiffness after myocardial infarction (MI), but the effects of isometric exercise on cardiovascular parameters are still uncertain. We aimed to assess the effects of one session of aerobic or isometric exercise on flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) in post-MI volunteers undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods Twenty post-MI patients undergoing PCI were randomized to aerobic (AE, n = 10) or isometric (IE, n = 10) exercise groups. We evaluated cardiac structure and function (echocardiographic); carotid plaque presence (ultrasound). FMD and PWV were measured 10 min before and 10 min after the intervention: a single session of moderate-intensity AE (30 min; ratings 12–14 on Borg’s scale or 50–60% HRreserve) or handgrip IE (four two-minute bilateral contractions; 30% maximal voluntary contraction; 1-min rest). Generalized estimating equations (Bonferroni post-hoc) was used to assess differences (p ≤ 0.050). Results FMD improved only in the AE group (Δ = 4.9%; p = 0.034), with no difference between groups after exercise. Even after adjustment (for baseline brachial artery diameter) the effectiveness of AE remained (p = 0.025) with no change in the IE group. PWV was slightly reduced from baseline in the AE group (Δ = 0.61 m/s; p = 0.044), and no difference when compared to the IE group. Peripheral vascular resistance decreased in AE versus IE (p = 0.050) and from baseline (p = 0.014). Conclusions Vascular measurements (FMD and PWV) improved after a single session of AE. There are apparently no benefits following a session of IE. Trial registration http://www.clinicaltrials.gov and ID number NCT04000893.

scholarly journals Effects of resveratrol or estradiol on postexercise endothelial function in estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women

2020 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-747
Author(s):  
Cemal Ozemek ◽  
Kerry L. Hildreth ◽  
Patrick J. Blatchford ◽  
K. Joseph Hurt ◽  
Rachael Bok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Training Effects ◽  
Estradiol Treatment

Regular exercise enhances endothelial function in older men, but not consistently in estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women. Estradiol treatment improves basal endothelial function and restores improvements in endothelial function (flow-mediated dilation, FMD) to aerobic exercise training in postmenopausal women; however, estradiol treatment is controversial. Resveratrol, an estrogen receptor ligand, enhances exercise training effects on cardiovascular function and nitric oxide (NO) release in animal models, but impairs exercise training effects in men. We conducted a randomized cross-over, double-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot study to determine whether acute (single dose) resveratrol (250-mg tablet) or estradiol (0.05 mg/day transdermal patch) treatment enhances FMD at rest and after a single bout of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise in healthy estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women ( n = 15, 58.1 ± 3.2 yr). FMD was measured before and after (30, 60, and 120 min) a 40-min bout of moderate-intensity treadmill exercise (60–75% peak heart rate) under the respective conditions (separated by 1-2 wk). FMD was higher ( P < 0.05) before exercise and at all post-exercise time points in the resveratrol and estradiol conditions compared to placebo. FMD was increased from baseline by 120 min postexercise in the estradiol condition ( P < 0.001), but not resveratrol or PL conditions. Consistent with our previous findings, estradiol also enhances endothelial function in response to acute endurance exercise. Although resveratrol improved basal FMD, there was no apparent enhancement of FMD to acute exercise and, therefore, may not act as an estradiol mimetic. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The benefits of endurance exercise training on endothelial function are diminished in estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women, but estradiol treatment appears to restore improvements in endothelial function in this group. We show that basal endothelial function is enhanced with both acute estradiol and resveratrol treatments in estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women, but endothelial function is only enhanced following acute endurance exercise with estradiol treatment.

scholarly journals Altered Arterial Stiffness, Cerebral Blood Flow and Cognitive Function in Young Smokers in Response to One-Bout of Aerobic Exercise: MICE vs. HIIE

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-315
Author(s):  
Jisun Hwang ◽  
Ruda Lee ◽  
Jin-Su Kim ◽  
Moon-Hyon Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Young Smokers

PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare the acute effects of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) with moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) on arterial stiffness, cerebral blood flow and cognitive function in young smokers.METHODS: Young smokers (23.1 years & 7.2 pack years) were randomly assigned to either MICE (n=5) or HIIE (n=4) group. MICE was implemented at 70% of HRmax for 30 minutes. HIIE was performed at 70% and 90% of HRmax for 24 minutes. Central artery stiffness was assessed by aortic pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), augmentation index (AIx) at pre and post-exercise, and 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 24 hours following the exercises. Cerebral blood flow was continuously monitored using near-infrared spectroscopy technique before and during exercise, and at 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, and 24 hours following the exercises. Cognitive function was assessed by Stroop Color-Word test at pre-exercise, and 30 minutes and 24 hours following the exercises.RESULTS: There was no significant group by time interaction in cfPWV, AIx, cerebral blood flow (HbO2) level, and cognitive function. Compared with MICE, cfPWV was increased (p=.01) at 30 minutes but AIx was decreased (p=.02) at 1 hour following HIIE. When MICE and HIIE combined, arterial stiffness and cerebral blood flow measures, and cognitive function parameters were improved following even one-bout of exercise (p≤.049). Change in AIx was associated with change in cognitive function at 30 minutes following the exercises (r=.69, p=.06).CONCLUSIONS: Even one-bout of either MIIE or HIIT acutely improves aortic wave reflection, cerebral blood flow and cognitive function in young smokers. The intensity of aerobic exercise does not seem to make meaningful differences in the positive effects on arterial stiffness, cerebral blood flow, and cognitive function in young smokers if both exercises have the same volume.

scholarly journals Effects of a Single Session of High- and Moderate-Intensity Resistance Exercise on Endothelial Function of Middle-Aged Sedentary Men

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Pinto Boeno ◽  
Juliano Boufleur Farinha ◽  
Thiago Rozales Ramis ◽  
Rodrigo Cauduro Oliveira Macedo ◽  
Josianne Rodrigues-Krause ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Middle Aged

scholarly journals Acute and Chronic Impact of Dynamic Exercise on Arterial Stiffness in Older Hypertensives

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunihiko Aizawa ◽  
Robert J Petrella
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Dynamic Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Arterial Distensibility

Arterial stiffness increases with ageing and hypertension. Regular physical activity has been recommended as an important management component of hypertension. The purpose of this study was to examine the acute impact of maximal dynamic exercise and the effect of 20 weeks of aerobic exercise on arterial stiffness of the carotid and brachial arteries in older hypertensives. Nine previously sedentary and treated older hypertensives (2 men and 7 women, age 68.2 ± 5.4 yrs) performed maximal treadmill exercise to volitional fatigue while arterial stiffness indices (arterial distensibility and β stiffness index) were measured prior to, immediately (about 10 min) following, and 24 h following maximal exercise. These measurements were repeated following 20 weeks of moderate intensity aerobic exercise training. Maximal exercise had no impact on arterial stiffness indices immediately and 24 h following exercise intervention. Following 20 weeks of training, arterial stiffness indices remained unchanged at rest and following maximal exercise. These data show that, in older hypertensives, 1) acute maximal dynamic exercise had no impact on arterial stiffness of the carotid and brachial arteries, and 2) 20 weeks of moderate intensity aerobic exercise training failed to modify arterial stiffness.

Both aerobic endurance and strength training programmes improve cardiovascular health in obese adults

2008 ◽  
Vol 115 (9) ◽  
pp. 283-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga E. Schjerve ◽  
Gjertrud A. Tyldum ◽  
Arnt E. Tjønna ◽  
Tomas Stølen ◽  
Jan P. Loennechen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Training Programmes

Regular exercise training is recognized as a powerful tool to improve work capacity, endothelial function and the cardiovascular risk profile in obesity, but it is unknown which of high-intensity aerobic exercise, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise or strength training is the optimal mode of exercise. In the present study, a total of 40 subjects were randomized to high-intensity interval aerobic training, continuous moderate-intensity aerobic training or maximal strength training programmes for 12 weeks, three times/week. The high-intensity group performed aerobic interval walking/running at 85–95% of maximal heart rate, whereas the moderate-intensity group exercised continuously at 60–70% of maximal heart rate; protocols were isocaloric. The strength training group performed ‘high-intensity’ leg press, abdominal and back strength training. Maximal oxygen uptake and endothelial function improved in all groups; the greatest improvement was observed after high-intensity training, and an equal improvement was observed after moderate-intensity aerobic training and strength training. High-intensity aerobic training and strength training were associated with increased PGC-1α (peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator 1α) levels and improved Ca2+ transport in the skeletal muscle, whereas only strength training improved antioxidant status. Both strength training and moderate-intensity aerobic training decreased oxidized LDL (low-density lipoprotein) levels. Only aerobic training decreased body weight and diastolic blood pressure. In conclusion, high-intensity aerobic interval training was better than moderate-intensity aerobic training in improving aerobic work capacity and endothelial function. An important contribution towards improved aerobic work capacity, endothelial function and cardiovascular health originates from strength training, which may serve as a substitute when whole-body aerobic exercise is contra-indicated or difficult to perform.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document