scholarly journals Increasing incidence of non-HBV- and non-HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma: single-institution 20-year study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Nagaoki ◽  
Hideyuki Hyogo ◽  
Yuwa Ando ◽  
Yumi Kosaka ◽  
Shinsuke Uchikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Regional University ◽  
Cryptogenic Hepatitis ◽  
Malignant Liver

Abstract Background We previously reported on the trends in the etiologies of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosed in patients between 1995 and 2009. The aims of our updated study were to evaluate the incidence, nonhepatitis B and nonhepatitis C viral (NBNC) etiologies, and clinical characteristics of HCCs occurring in patients between 1992 and 2018. Methods The study enrolled 2171 consecutive patients with HCC between 1992 and 2018. Their medical records were reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups, patients with early diagnoses from 1992 to 2009 and those with late diagnoses from 2010 to 2018. Results NBNC-HCC occurred in 514 patients (23.6%). The percentage of patients with HCC who had NBNC-HCC increased from 26.5% in 2009 to 46.3% in 2018. Patients with NBNC-HCC were older (median ages from 67 to 73 years). Type 2 diabetes mellitus (48.5–60.3%: P = 0.008), hypertension (48.5–57.4%: P = 0.047), and hyperlipidemia (39.2–53.8%: P = 0.001) increased significantly in recent years. The median FIB-4 index decreased (4.37–3.61: P = 0.026) and the median platelet count increased (15.1–17.9 × 104/μL: P = 0.013). Among the 514 patients with NBNC-HCC, 194 underwent hepatic resection for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (15%), alcoholic liver disease (ALD) (29%), and cryptogenic hepatitis (56%). Cirrhosis was detected in 72%, 39%, and 16% of patients with NASH, ALD, and cryptogenic hepatitis, respectively. The prevalence of cirrhosis in patients with NASH was significantly higher than the prevalence of cirrhosis in the other groups (P < 0.001). Overall, 70% of the non-malignant liver tissue of patients with NBNC-HCC was not involved with cirrhosis. On the other hand, the median FIB-4 index in patients with cryptogenic HCC was 2.56, which was a significantly lower value than those values in the other groups of patients. The FIB-4 index considered as one of useful screening of HCC. Conclusions The prevalence of NBNC-HCC has increased rapidly even in a regional university hospital. Metabolic syndrome may be an important risk factor for HCC. HCC was also found in patients with non-cirrhotic livers. The FIB-4 index may be a useful screening method for HCC in patients with NBNC.

scholarly journals Increase of non-HBV, non-HCV related hepatocellular carcinoma - Over 20 years single institution study-

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Nagaoki ◽  
Hideyuki Hyogo ◽  
Yuwa Ando ◽  
Yumi Kosaka ◽  
Shinsuke Uchikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Early Group ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Regional University ◽  
Late Group

Abstract Background We previously reported the trends of etiologies of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) between 1995 and 2009. By updating this study, we aimed to evaluate the incidence of HCC with non- hepatitis B viral and non- hepatitis C viral (NBNC) etiologies and also explore the clinical characteristics. Methods Consecutive 2171 HCC patients at our institution were enrolled between 1992 and 2018 in this retrospective cohort study. A comparative study was conducted by dividing into two groups, an early group from 1992 to 2009 and a late group from 2010 to 2018. Results NBNC-HCC account for 514 patients (23.6%). The proportion of NBNC-HCC has continued to increase from 26.5% in 2009 to 46.3% in 2018. NBNC-HCC were getting older (median ages, 67 to 73 years). Type 2 diabetes mellitus (48.5–60.3%: P = 0.008), hypertension (48.5–57.4%: P = 0.047), and hyperlipidemia (39.2–53.8%: P = 0.001) has increased significantly in recent years. The median FIB-4 index have decreased (4.37 to 3.61: P = 0.026) and the median platelet counts have increased (15.1 to 17.9: P = 0.013) significantly. Among 514 NBNC-HCC, 194 patients underwent hepatic resection in which 14.9%, 29.3%, and 55.8% were based on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), alcoholic liver disease (ALD), and cryptogenic, respectively. Cirrhosis was detected in 72.4%, 38.6%, and 15.5% of NASH, ALD and cryptogenic, respectively. The prevalence of cirrhosis in NASH were significantly higher than other groups (P < 0.001), overall, 70% of the background liver of NBNC-HCC was not cirrhosis. On the other hands, the median FIB-4 index in cryptogenic HCC were 2.56 and significantly lower than other groups, FIB-4 index considered as one of useful screening of HCC. Conclusions NBNC-HCC has rapidly been increasing in recent years even in regional university hospital. The presence of metabolic syndrome may be important risk factors. Also, HCC from non-cirrhotic liver needs attention. Accordingly, it is speculated that these patients should receive periodic surveillance for HCC development.

scholarly journals Increase of non- HBV, non- HCV related hepatocellular carcinoma -Over 20 years single institution study-

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Nagaoki ◽  
Hideyuki Hyogo ◽  
Yuwa Ando ◽  
Yumi Kosaka ◽  
Shinsuke Uchikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Early Group ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Regional University ◽  
Late Group

Abstract Background: We previously reported the trends of etiologies of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) between 1995 and 2009. By updating this study, we aimed to evaluate the incidence of HCC with non- hepatitis B viral and non- hepatitis C viral (NBNC) etiologies and explore the clinical characteristics, also.Methods: Consecutive 2171 HCC patients at our institution were enrolled between 1992 and 2018 in this retrospective cohort study. A comparative study was conducted by dividing into two groups, an early group from 1992 to 2009 and a late group from 2010 to 2018.Results: NBNC-HCC account for 514 patients (23.6%). The proportion of NBNC-HCC has continued to increase from 26.5% in 2009 to 46.3% in 2018. NBNC-HCC were getting older (median ages, 67 to 73 years). Type 2 diabetes mellitus (48.5% to 60.3%: P=0.008), hypertension (48.5% to 57.4%: P=0.047), and hyperlipidemia (39.2% to 53.8%: P=0.001) has increased significantly in recent years. The median FIB-4 index have decreased (4.37 to 3.61: P=0.026) and the median platelet counts have increased (15.1 to 17.9: P=0.013) significantly. Among 514 NBNC-HCC, 194 patients underwent hepatic resection in which 14.9%, 29.3%, and 55.8% were based on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), alcoholic liver disease (ALD), and cryptogenic, respectively. Cirrhosis was detected in 72.4%, 38.6%, and 15.5% of NASH, ALD and cryptogenic, respectively. The prevalence of cirrhosis in NASH were significantly higher than other groups (P<0.001), overall, 70% of the background liver of NBNC-HCC was not cirrhosis. On the other hands, the median FIB-4 index in cryptogenic HCC were 2.56 and significantly lower than other groups, FIB-4 index considered as one of useful screening of HCC.Conclusions: NBNC-HCC has rapidly been increasing in recent years even in regional university hospital. The presence of metabolic syndrome may be important risk factors. Furthermore, HCC from non-cirrhotic liver needs attention carefully. Accordingly, it is speculated that these patients should receive periodic surveillance for HCC development.

scholarly journals A retrospective study on the usefulness of the JJ risk engine for predicting the incidence rate of coronary heart disease in type 2 diabetes patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasunari Yamashita ◽  
Rina Kitajima ◽  
Kiyoshi Matsubara ◽  
Gaku Inoue ◽  
Hajime Matsubara
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Diabetes Treatment ◽  
C Statistic ◽  
Risk Engine

Abstract Objective In 2018, we conducted a retrospective survey using the medical records of 484 patients with type 2 diabetes. The observed value of coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence after 5 years and the predicted value by the JJ risk engine as of 2013 were compared and verified using the discrimination and calibration values. Results Among the total cases analyzed, the C-statistic was 0.588, and the calibration was p < 0.05; thus, the JJ risk engine could not correctly predict the risk of CHD. However, in the group expected to have a low frequency of hypoglycemia, the C-statistic was 0.646; the predictability of the JJ risk engine was relatively accurate. Therefore, it is difficult to accurately predict the complication rate of patients using the JJ risk engine based on the diabetes treatment policy after the Kumamoto Declaration 2013. The JJ risk engine has several input items (variables), and it is difficult to satisfy them all unless the environment is well-equipped with testing facilities, such as a university hospital. Therefore, it is necessary to create a new risk engine that requires fewer input items than the JJ risk engine and is applicable to several patients.

scholarly journals Retrospective study of polytrauma patients’s medical records that presented abdominal trauma, comperad to abdominal trauma and extra-abdominal injuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e56944
Author(s):  
Izadora Gabriela Coutinho ◽  
Thiago Henriqque Crema ◽  
Bruno Felipe Viotto Petta ◽  
Carlos Edmundo Rodrigues Fontes
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Trauma ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Abdominal Injury ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Abdominal Injuries ◽  
Regional University ◽  
Polytrauma Patients ◽  
Trauma Victims

This study sought to retrospectively assess the relationship between intra and extra-abdominal injuries in polytrauma patients undergoing laparotomy at the Regional University Hospital of Maringá between 2017 and 2018.This study was based on 111 electronic medical records from the Brazilian public health system “SUS”, admitted to the hospital due to trauma and undergoing laparotomy, comparing two groups: abdominal injury without extra-abdominal injury (WoEI) and abdominal injury with extra-abdominal injury (WiEI).A total of 111 medical records were analyzed, 57 from 2017 and 54 from 2018. Of these 111records, 43 (39%) were trauma victims with only abdominal injuries and 68 (61%) trauma victims with abdominal and extra-abdominalinjuries. Most patients were male (85%), with an average age of 33 years, ranging from 14 to 87 years. In statistical analysis, according to the T-test, there was significance (p > 0.05) between the WoEI and WiEI groups for data collected regarding death rates and hospitalization days. As for the morbidity rate and difference between genders (male and female), there was no statistical significance (p < 0.05). Polytrauma patients are exposed to greater kinetic energy, with more severe conditions and therefore required more in-hospital care.

scholarly journals Comparison of four serological assays for the diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis in subfertile women

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (05) ◽  
pp. 396-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude Muvunyi ◽  
Laurens Claeys ◽  
Tineka De Sutter ◽  
Petra De Sutter ◽  
Marleen Temmerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Tubal Infertility ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Test Characteristics ◽  
Serological Studies

Introduction: Chlamydia antibody testing (CAT) in serum has been introduced as a screening method in the infertility workup. We evaluated the test characteristics of two ELISA tests compared to micro-immunofluorescence tests (MIFs).  MIFs are considered the gold standard in the C. trachomatis IgG antibodies detection. We also compared the accuracy of all CAT tests in predicting tubal subfertility, using laparoscopy as a reference. Methodology: Four commercial serological methods were used to analyse 101 serum samples for the presence of C. trachomatis IgG antibodies from patients at the Infertility Clinic of Ghent University Hospital. The diagnostic utility for prediction of tubal infertility of serological methods was evaluated based on patients' medical records. Results: A comparison of the serological assays showed  little difference  in the major performance characteristics: the sensitivities of all MIFs and ELISAs were 100% for all assays (except the ELISA Vircell, with a sensitivity of 90%), and the specificities ranged from 92% for MIF Ani Labsystems to 98% for the MIF Focus and ELISA Vircell. As compared to laparoscopy data, CAT positivity in subfertile women with tubal damage (n=40) did not significantly differ from that of subfertile women without tubal damage (n=61): Positive predictive values (PPV) of CAT ranged from 53% to 60% and negative predictive values (NPV) ranged from 62% to 64%.  Conclusion: evaluated ELISAs are comparable to MIFs in the detection of C. trachomatis IgG antibodies and should be preferred for large serological studies, especially in resource poor settings.

Abstract # P-1: Use of Type 2 Diabetes Screening Guidelines in Primary Care: Concordance Between Physician Survey and Medical Records

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Michelle Mocarski ◽  
Sandhya Mehta ◽  
Karin Gillespie ◽  
Tami Wisniewski ◽  
K.M. Venkat Narayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Physician Survey ◽  
Diabetes Screening ◽  
Screening Guidelines

The pseudomalachite-ludjibaite-reichenbachite conundrum: OD description

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 571-581
Author(s):  
Emil Makovicky
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
The Other ◽  
Crystal Chemical ◽  
Layer System ◽  
Coordination Polyhedra

Abstract Crystal structures of the three polymorphs of Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4, namely pseudomalachite, ludjibaite, and reichenbachite, can be described as being composed of rods perpendicular to their crystal-chemical layering. Two different sorts of rods can be defined. Type 1 rods share rows of Cu coordination polyhedra, forming a series of slabs. Slab boundaries and slab interiors represent alternating geometric OD layers of two kinds, with layer symmetries close to P21/m and , which make up two different stacking schemes of geometric OD layers in the structures of ludjibaite and pseudomalachite. Such OD layers, however, are not developed in reichenbachite. Type 2 rods are defined as having columns of PO4 tetrahedra in the corners of the rods. In the Type 2 slabs composed of these rods, geometric Pg OD layers of glide-arrayed tetrahedra alternate with more complex OD layers; in ludjibaite this system of layers is oriented diagonally with respect to the Type 1 OD layer system. Two different OD stackings of Type 2 OD layers form the ludjibaite and reichenbachite structures but not that of pseudomalachite. Thus, ludjibaite might form disordered intergrowths with either of the other two members of the triplet but reichenbachite and pseudomalachite should not form oriented intergrowths. Current knowledge concerning formation of the three polymorphs is considered.

The Effects of Smoking Cessation on Diabetes Mellitus Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Ali Alshahrani
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Tailored Intervention ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Diabetes Progression

Background: Smoking is an established predictor of type 2 diabetes. However, the link between smoking cessation and diabetes progression remains a subject of scholarly investigation. Objective: The objective of this systematic review is to establish the link between smoking cessation and diabetes. Data Sources: The study utilized conference abstracts and peer-reviewed journals that reported randomized controlled trials smoking cessation interventions for diabetes patients. Results: Results from the review were inconclusive on the link between smoking cessation and diabetes. On one hand, several researchers have confirmed a positive correlation between smoking cessation and decreased risk of diabetes. On the other hand, some researchers have demonstrated that immediate withdrawal of nicotine resulted in increased risk of diabetes; however, this risk reduces with time. Conclusion: The result of this review did not estblish a clear relationship between smoking cessation and diabates. Limitations: Compared to other studies examining the implication of smoking on chronic diseases, this study identified a very small number of trials evaluating the effect of smoking cessation on diabetes. The small number of studies implies that the results may not be suitable for generalization. Implication: Results from the review can help in the development of a tailored intervention for effective management of diabetes in smoking patients.

POLIOMYELITIS IN CANADIAN ESKIMOS: LABORATORY STUDIES. V. TYPE 1 AND TYPE 3 POLIOMYELITIS ANTIBODY LEVELS IN BAFFIN ISLAND ESKIMOS

1954 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
W. Wood ◽  
Eina M. Clark ◽  
F. T. Shimada ◽  
A. J. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Baffin Island ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Poliomyelitis Virus ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Type 3

Studies on the basic immunology of poliomyelitis in Canadian Eskimos have been continued. Some 87 sera collected from Eskimos at Pangnirtung, Baffin Island, have been examined for the presence of Type 1 and Type 3 poliomyelitis antibody by quantitative tests in tissue cultures. The same sera were previously examined for Type 2 antibody by quantitative tests in mice. The results of the three determinations are now presented together for comparison. These sera came from Eskimos aged 2 to 72 years of age. None of the Eskimos showed any evidence of paralysis. Examination of the medical records did not suggest that any paralytic disease had been present in this part of Baffin Island. Very few of the sera showed the presence of poliomyelitis antibody; thus, Type 1 antibody was demonstrated in the sera of 8%, Type 2 antibody in the sera of 9%, and Type 3 antibody in the sera of 14%. No significant number of Eskimos below the age of 45 years had acquired poliomyelitis antibody. The antibody titers mostly ranged between 10−1.0 and 10−2.0, and were significantly lower than the titers customarily found in recently paralyzed cases. These findings suggest that poliomyelitis infection occurred in Pangnirtung Eskimos many years before the date on which the samples were taken (1951). These results point to the worldwide prevalence of the three types of poliomyelitis virus.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document