scholarly journals Prevention of road crashes in older adults: perspectives on facilitators, barriers and the role of the family doctor

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Rivera-Izquierdo ◽  
Luz María Valverde-Cano ◽  
Virginia Martínez-Ruiz ◽  
María Rosa Sánchez-Pérez ◽  
Francisco Javier Atienza-Martín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Family Doctors ◽  
Road Crashes ◽  
The Family

Abstract Background People over 64 years have a high fatality rate when they are involved in traffic accidents. Besides, older victims of road crashes are expected to rise in the future due to population aging. The purpose of the study was to document their perception on the role of the family doctor, the main facilitating factors, and the perceived barriers to the temporary or permanent restriction of their driving. Methods This qualitative study used focus group methodology. A sample of 16 people over 65 years old was obtained through a series of segmentation criteria at an active participation centre for older adults in a small town in Jaén province (Spain). All were invited to participate in a discussion during which they were asked to express their opinions and subjective experiences concerning the role of their family doctor. The group conversation was taped, fully transcribed and analysed, and codes were generated with both deductive and inductive methods. Results After merging the codes to generate themes, we identified 9 relevant categories: perception of age-related risk, road safety, role of public authorities, driver assessment centre, role of the family doctor, role of the family, proposals for addressing traffic accidents in older adults, consequences of the driving prohibition, and public transport. All categories help to explain the subjective driving and traffic safety experiences of older road users. Conclusions Although family doctors do not usually ask their older patients about road driving, they are highly valued by these patients. Thus, family doctors have a great potential to act, along with the family members, for the benefit of older patients’ traffic safety, in ways that can prevent their involvement in road crashes and reduce the negative consequences of having to stop driving if necessary.

scholarly journals The role of family doctor in management of overweight and obese children and adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Mihaela Adela Iancu ◽  
◽  
Dumitru Matei ◽  
Gabriel Cristian Bejan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Family Doctors ◽  
The Family ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

The children and adolescents obesity is one of the most important public health problems. The prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents is increasing in our country as in other European countries. Overweight and obese children are likely to stay obese into adulthood and more likely to develop cardiovascular diseases or diabetes. The majority of the overweight and obese children can be diagnosed, monitored and treated by the family doctors. Our intended purpose is to help family doctors with practical tools for the identification and management of overweight and obese children. The most recent recommendations regarding prevention of childhood obesity focus on increased exercise and improved diet to prevent childhood obesity. Intensive lifestyle modification remains the primary treatment of the children obesity. The family doctors must know how to prevent the development of overweight and obese complications.

scholarly journals Role of the family doctor in the management of adults with obesity: a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e019367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A Sturgiss ◽  
Nicholas Elmitt ◽  
Emily Haelser ◽  
Chris van Weel ◽  
Kirsty A Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
International Guidelines ◽  
Family Doctors ◽  
Whole Person ◽  
The Family

ObjectivesObesity management is an important issue for the international primary care community. This scoping review examines the literature describing the role of the family doctor in managing adults with obesity. The methods were prospectively published and followed Joanna Briggs Institute methodology.SettingPrimary care. Adult patients.Included papersPeer-reviewed and grey literature with the keywords obesity, primary care and family doctors. All literature published up to September 2015. 3294 non-duplicate papers were identified and 225 articles included after full-text review.Primary and secondary outcome measuresData were extracted on the family doctors’ involvement in different aspects of management, and whether whole person and person-centred care were explicitly mentioned.Results110 papers described interventions in primary care and family doctors were always involved in diagnosing obesity and often in recruitment of participants. A clear description of the provider involved in an intervention was often lacking. It was difficult to determine if interventions took account of whole person and person-centredness. Most opinion papers and clinical overviews described an extensive role for the family doctor in management; in contrast, research on current practices depicted obesity as undermanaged by family doctors. International guidelines varied in their description of the role of the family doctor with a more extensive role suggested by guidelines from family medicine organisations.ConclusionsThere is a disconnect between how family doctors are involved in primary care interventions, the message in clinical overviews and opinion papers, and observed current practice of family doctors. The role of family doctors in international guidelines for obesity may reflect the strength of primary care in the originating health system. Reporting of primary care interventions could be improved by enhanced descriptions of the providers involved and explanation of how the pillars of primary care are used in intervention development.

Traffic accident and emission reduction through intermittent release measures for heavy fog weather

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (25) ◽  
pp. 1550148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Shi ◽  
Jin-Hua Tan
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Driving Behaviors ◽  
Ca Model ◽  
Reduce Emissions

Heavy fog weather can increase traffic accidents and lead to freeway closures which result in delays. This paper aims at exploring traffic accident and emission characteristics in heavy fog, as well as freeway intermittent release measures for heavy fog weather. A driving simulator experiment is conducted for obtaining driving behaviors in heavy fog. By proposing a multi-cell cellular automaton (CA) model based on the experimental data, the role of intermittent release measures on the reduction of traffic accidents and CO emissions is studied. The results show that, affected by heavy fog, when cellular occupancy [Formula: see text], the probability of traffic accidents is much higher; and CO emissions increase significantly when [Formula: see text]. After an intermittent release measure is applied, the probability of traffic accidents and level of CO emissions become reasonable. Obviously, the measure can enhance traffic safety and reduce emissions.

scholarly journals Ideological grounds of ensuring traffic safety

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Yury Nikolaevich Kalyuzhny
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Legislative Regulation ◽  
Legal Forms

The subject of this research is the legal norms and scientific sources that characterize the ideological grounds of ensuring traffic safety. The object of this research is the social relations that determine the framework for ensuring traffic safety. Examination of the normative legal acts and scientific literature, allows conducting a comprehensive analysis of ideological grounds of ensuring traffic safety. The author indicates certain scientific problems of legislative regulation of the sphere under review, and resumes that the presence of state ideology within the system of legal norms is inevitable. The conclusion is formulated that the ideological grounds of ensuring traffic safety are based on the system of views, ideas, and value orientations from the perspective of personal, social, and state levels. The author claims that the state uses law as the official ideology. The ideological grounds of ensuring traffic safety, associated with implementation of state policy in indicated field of research, represent legal forms of ensuring traffic safety, which contribute to the perception of law by personal and public legal awareness, which positively impacts legal mentality of the society, reducing the risk of traffic accidents and their negative consequences. The novelty of this work consists in the comprehensive analysis of theoretical legal and organizational aspects that characterize the ideological grounds of ensuring traffic safety, determine controversial issues in legislative regulation of the system of views, ideas, and value orientations for ensuring traffic safety from the perspective of personal, social, and state levels.

scholarly journals The role of the family doctor in the management of adults who are obese: a scoping review protocol

SpringerPlus ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Ann Sturgiss ◽  
Nicholas Elmitt ◽  
Chris van Weel ◽  
Emily Haesler ◽  
Ginny Sargent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
The Family ◽  
Review Protocol

scholarly journals Antibiotics Use in Adult Population, as Perceived by Family Doctors in Romania

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-85
Author(s):  
Chirila Sergiu ◽  
Alexiu Sandra Adalgiza
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Emergency Rooms ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Family Doctors ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
The Family ◽  
Personal Recommendation ◽  
Doctor's Office

Abstract Introduction: In recent years, the problem of overprescribed antibiotics has become one of the most serious public health issues at global level. Clear evidence shows direct relation between antibiotics consumption and the resistance developed by the microbial agents Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the frequency of antibiotics recommendations from other medical practitioners or pharmacists and reported self-medication, in the family doctor’s office Methods: We conducted a survey questionnaire on 184 family doctors from Romania that volunteered to gather information for one week on a daily basis. he questionnaire for adults had four questions, related to the frequency of antibiotics consumption based on the recommendation from emergency rooms or other doctors, self-medication, antibiotics recommended and delivered by pharmacies and personal recommendation of antibiotics Conclusion: We conclude that the level of antibiotics recommendations for diseases, which usually do not benefit from this type of treatment, is high, with a large proportion of adult patients coming to the family doctor for reimbursement. The level of auto-medication with antibiotics, in adults, is also elevated, in most of the cases based on leftover medication.

Aspirin Use for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Older Patients: A Review of Clinical Guidelines and Updated Evidence

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 580-594
Author(s):  
Jelena Lewis ◽  
Laressa Bethishou ◽  
Laura V. Tsu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
Cv Disease ◽  
Meta Analyses

OBJECTIVE: To provide an up-to-date review of current guidelines, previous trials, and new trials regarding aspirin use in primary prevention of cardiovascular (CV) disease in the elderly population. DATA SOURCES: A PubMed search of articles published through April 2019 was performed using a combination of the following words: aspirin, bleeding, cardiovascular, elderly, hemorrhage, myocardial infarction, primary prevention, stroke. STUDY SELECTION/DATA EXTRACTION: Relevant randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and guidelines were assessed for the use of aspirin in primary prevention of CV disease in older patients. References from the above literature were also evaluated. Articles were selected for inclusion based on relevance to the topic, detailed methods, and complete results. DATA SYNTHESIS: The role of aspirin for primary prevention of CV disease in older adults is not well defined. As a result, the guideline recommendations for the use of aspirin in this setting are inconsistent. In 2018, the ARRIVE, ASCEND, and ASPREE studies were published. These studies tried to address some of the inconsistencies regarding the use of aspirin in primary prevention of CV disease. This article reviews the current recommendations along with previous and recent studies for aspirin use for primary prevention in older adults. CONCLUSION: The role of aspirin for primary prevention of CV disease in older adults should be individualized based on patient's risk factors, including risk of CV disease and likelihood of bleeding. Updated evidence provides more guidance regarding which patient populations will benefit from therapy.

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