scholarly journals Developing effective communication materials on the health effects of climate change for vulnerable groups: a mixed methods study

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Kreslake ◽  
Katherine M. Price ◽  
Mona Sarfaty
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Effective Communication ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Vulnerable Groups

scholarly journals Why women choose abortion through telemedicine outside the formal health sector in Germany? A mixed-methods study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margit Endler ◽  
Kristina Killinger ◽  
Hazal Atay ◽  
Rebecca Gomperts ◽  
Sophie Gunther
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Provider Attitudes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Telemedicine Service ◽  
Barriers To Access

Introduction: In April 2019 the abortion telemedicine service Women on Web (WoW) opened their helpdesk to Germany and saw a progressive rise in consultations. Our aim was to understand the motivations, and perceived barriers to access, for women who choose telemedicine abortion outside the formal health sector in Germany. Methods: We conducted a parallel convergent mixed-methods study among 1090 women in Germany, who requested medical abortion through WoW between January 1st and December 31st, 2019. We performed a cross-sectional study of data contained in online consultations and a content analysis of 108 email texts. Analysis was done until saturation; results were merged, and triangulation was used to validate results. Results: Frequent reported reasons for choosing telemedicine abortion in the consultation forms were quote: I need to keep the abortion a secret from my partner or family (48%), and quote: I would rather keep my abortion private (48%). The content analysis developed two main themes and seven subsidiary categories: 1) internal motivations for seeking telemedicine abortion encompassing i) autonomy, ii) perception of external threat, iii) shame and stigma, and 2) external barriers to formal abortion care, encompassing : (iv) financial stress, v) logistic barriers to access vi) provider attitudes, and vii) vulnerability of foreigners). The findings in the quantitative and qualitative analysis were consistent. Conclusion: Women in Germany who choose telemedicine abortion outside the formal health sector do so both from a place of empowerment and a place of disempowerment. Numerous barriers to abortion access exist in the formal sector which are of special relevance to vulnerable groups such as adolescents and undocumented immigrants.

scholarly journals Pathways of Climate Change Impact on Agroforestry, Food Consumption Pattern, and Dietary Diversity Among Indigenous Subsistence Farmers of Sauria Paharia Tribal Community of India: A Mixed Methods Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suparna Ghosh-Jerath ◽  
Ridhima Kapoor ◽  
Upasona Ghosh ◽  
Archna Singh ◽  
Shauna Downs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Indigenous Community ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Subsistence Farmers ◽  
Quantitative Estimates ◽  
Household Food

Climate change poses severe threats to the social, cultural, and economic integrity of indigenous smallholder subsistence farmers, who are intricately linked with their natural ecosystems. Sauria Paharia, a vulnerable indigenous community of Jharkhand, India, are smallholder farmers facing food and nutrition insecurity and have limited resources to cope with climate change. Eighteen villages of Godda district of Jharkhand inhabited by Sauria Paharia community were randomly selected to conduct a mixed methods study. In 11 out of 18 study villages, we conducted focus group discussions (FGDs) to examine the perception of this indigenous community regarding climate change and its impact on agroforestry and dietary diversity. In all 18 villages, household and agricultural surveys were conducted to derive quantitative estimates of household food consumption patterns and agroforestry diversity, which were triangulated with the qualitative data collected through the FGDs. The FGD data revealed that the community attributed local climatic variability in the form of low and erratic rainfall with long dry spells, to reduced crop productivity, diversity and food availability from forests and waterbodies. Declining agroforestry-produce and diversity were reported to cause reduced household income and shifts from subsistence agricultural economy to migratory unskilled wage laboring leading to household food insecurity. These perceptions were supported by quantitative estimates of habitual food consumption patterns which revealed a predominance of cereals over other food items and low agroforestry diversity (Food Accessed Diversity Index of 0.21 ± 0.15). The adaptation strategies to cope with climate variability included use of climate-resilient indigenous crop varieties for farming, seed conservation and access to indigenous forest foods and weeds for consumption during adverse situations and lean periods. There were mixed views on cultivation of hybrid crops as an adaptation strategy which could impact the sustained utilization of indigenous food systems. Promoting sustainable adaptation strategies, with adequate knowledge and technology, have the potential to improve farm resilience, income, household food security and dietary diversity in this population.

Exposure to air pollutants in different microenvironments and their relationship to the respiratory health of population traveling by several modes of transportation in Bogotá, Colombia: protocol for a mixed-methods study. (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeadran Malagon-Rojas ◽  
Diana Carolina Pinzón-Silva ◽  
Eliana L Parra ◽  
Luisa Lagos ◽  
Yesith Guillermo Toloza-Perez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The City

BACKGROUND Air pollution in most countries exceeds the levels recommended by the World Health Organization, causing up to one-third of deaths due to non-communicable diseases. Particulate matter (PM) and black carbon (BC) from mobile sources are the main contaminants. OBJECTIVE This research will aim to assess the relationship of exposure to air pollutants in microenvironments (PM2.5 and BC), with respiratory health and physical activity in users traveling by different types of transportation in Bogotá METHODS A mixed-methods study based on a convergent parallel design will be carried out with workers and students, the sample will include 350 healthy transport users traveling by different urban transportation modes in three main routes in Bogotá. The study will be performed into two components. First, a descriptive qualitative component focused on asserting the individual perception of air pollution by semi-structured interviews. Second, a cross-sectional study towards a) measuring the individual exposure to PM2.5 and BC using portable instruments (DustTrak and microAeth, respectively) b) measuring the pulmonary function by spirometry; c) assessing physical activity with Accelerometry. The analysis will include a concurrent triangulation and logistic regression. This protocol was approved by the technical and ethical committee of Instituto Nacional de Salud, protocol number 7, issued on April 4, 2019. Informed consent will be obtained from all participants before conducting the study. RESULTS The findings, from a public/academy/private perspective, will be useful for the conception, design, and decision-making process in both sectors: health and mobility. This study includes personal measurements of PM2.5 and BC during typical trips in the city, allowing to know in real-time the exposure to these contaminants in the major roadways. Also, the study compares two different lung tests to identify possible short-term respiratory effects. As a limitation, the protocol will include participants from different institutions in the city which are not necessarily representative of all healthy populations in Bogota. In this sense, it is not possible to draw causation conclusions. In spite, convergent parallel designs could be especially problematic concerning integration because they often lack a clear plan for making a connection between the two sets of results. In this case, this kind of design is left with two separate sets of results that may not be well connected. Nevertheless, the study counts with a procedure for how to integrate qualitative and quantitative data in the interpretation of the results and also a logistic regression. The time that participants have to live in the city will be taken into account; this will be controlled in the stratified analysis. Another limitation is the wide age range and working status of the participants. Regional pollution levels and episodes (PM2.5) will be handled as confounding variables. Since the use of masks is part of the strategy for prevention and control that can limit the spread of COVID-19, as a biosecurity protocol all participants will use surgical face masks during field measurements. CONCLUSIONS In this study, it is hypothesized the exposure to air pollutants in microenvironments in Bogotá, Colombia. To our knowledge, this is the first mixed-methods study focused on PM2.5, BC, and respiratory health effects in a city above 2.000 meters above sea level. This study will provide an integration of air pollution exposure variables and respiratory health effects in different microenvironments.

scholarly journals Guidance for Research on Social Isolation, Loneliness, and Participation Among Older People: Lessons From a Mixed Methods Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 160940691987291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Dare ◽  
Celia Wilkinson ◽  
Robert Donovan ◽  
Johnny Lo ◽  
Marie-Louise McDermott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Older People ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
The City

This article provides methodological guidance to researchers wishing to develop collaborative research projects with local governments and other agencies, by describing the process adopted in a mixed methods study conducted in the City of Wanneroo (the City), a local government area in Perth, Western Australia. The study explored factors related to older people’s (60+ years) participation in community-based activities and links between their participation and levels of social isolation, loneliness, and social connectedness. The research incorporated four interrelated stages: (1) an audit of existing programs in the City and program participant characteristics; (2) focus groups with program participants and interviews with nonparticipants; (3) a cross-sectional survey to assess factors associated with participation and links to social isolation, loneliness, and social connectedness; (4) face-to-face interviews with survey respondents screened at risk for loneliness. Methodological recommendations are provided to guide future collaborative research with local authorities, program developers, and administrators, aimed at minimizing social isolation and loneliness among older people. These include the need for clear communication and documentation of mutually agreed research objectives and responsibilities from project initiation to completion, identifying and working with local agencies to maximize recruitment among “hard to reach” groups, understanding the dimensions of loneliness addressed in the selected instrument used to screen for loneliness, and integrating innovative data collection techniques when working with vulnerable groups such as socially isolated older people.

scholarly journals Climate change and ‘climategate’ in online reader comments: a mixed methods study

2012 ◽  
Vol 179 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelya Koteyko ◽  
Rusi Jaspal ◽  
Brigitte Nerlich
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Reader Comments

scholarly journals Climate change education in public health and medical curricula in Australian and New Zealand Universities: a mixed methods study of barriers and areas for further action

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aparna Lal ◽  
Erin Walsh ◽  
Ali Wetherell ◽  
Claudia Slimings
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Course Delivery ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Planetary Health ◽  
Medical Curricula

Background: The World Health Organization deemed climate change and air pollution as the top threat to global health in 2019. The importance of climate for health is recognised by healthcare professionals, who need to be equipped to deliver environmentally sustainable healthcare and promote planetary health. There is some evidence that climate change and health is not strongly embedded in accredited master-level public health training programs and medical programs globally, however, the immersion of climate-health in Australian and New Zealand programs is unclear. Objectives: To explore the extent to which climate-health education is currently embedded into public health and medical curricula in Australia and New Zealand. Methods: Educators identified by their coordination, convenorship, or delivery into programs of public health and medicine at universities in Australia and New Zealand were invited to participate in a cross-sectional, exploratory mixed methods study. Participants completed an online quantitative survey and qualitative interviews regarding their experience in program and course delivery, and the prominence of climate-health content within program and course delivery. Quantitative surveys were analysed using descriptive statistics and qualitative interview content was analysed via a modified ground theory approach. Results: The response rate of the quantitative survey was 43.7% (21/48). Ten survey respondents also completed qualitative interviews. Quantitative results showed that epidemiologists were the most common experts involved in design and delivery of this curriculum, with a reliance on guest lecturers to provide updated content. Qualitative interviews highlighted the ad-hoc role of Indigenous-led content in this field, the barriers of time and resources to develop a coherent curriculum and the important role of high-level champions to drive the inclusion of climate change and planetary health. Conclusion: There is an urgent need to strengthen current support available for pedagogical leadership in the area of climate and broader environmental change teaching at universities.

scholarly journals Why women choose abortion through telemedicine outside the formal health sector in Germany: a mixed-methods study

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjsrh-2020-200789
Author(s):  
Kristina Killinger ◽  
Sophie Günther ◽  
Rebecca Gomperts ◽  
Hazal Atay ◽  
Margit Endler
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Provider Attitudes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Telemedicine Service ◽  
Barriers To Access

IntroductionWomen on Web (WoW) is a global medical abortion telemedicine service operating outside the formal health sector. In April 2019 they opened their helpdesk to Germany. Our aim was to understand the motivations, and perceived barriers to access, for women who choose telemedicine abortion outside the formal health sector in Germany.MethodsWe conducted a parallel convergent mixed-methods study among 1090 women consulting WoW from Germany between 1 January and 31 December 2019. We performed a cross-sectional study of data contained in online consultations and a content analysis of 108 email texts. Analysis was done until saturation; results were merged and triangulation used to validate results.ResultsThe quantitative analysis found that the need for secrecy (n=502, 48%) and the wish for privacy (n=500, 48%) were frequent reasons for choosing telemedicine abortion. Adolescents were more likely to report secrecy, cost, stigma and legal restrictions as reasons for using telemedicine abortion compared with older women. The content analysis developed two main themes and seven subsidiary categories, (1) internal motivations for seeking telemedicine abortion encompassing (i) autonomy, (ii) perception of external threat and (iii) shame and stigma, and (2) external barriers to formal abortion care encompassing (iv) financial stress, (v) logistic barriers to access, (vi) provider attitudes and (vii) vulnerability of foreigners.ConclusionsWomen in Germany who choose telemedicine abortion outside the formal health sector do so both from a place of empowerment and a place of disempowerment. Numerous barriers to abortion access exist in the formal sector which are of special relevance to vulnerable groups such as adolescents and undocumented immigrants.

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