scholarly journals Individual and contextual factors associated with disposal of children’s stools in Papua New Guinea: evidence from the 2016–2018 demographic and health survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul-Aziz Seidu ◽  
Ebenezer Agbaglo ◽  
Bright Opoku Ahinkorah ◽  
Louis Kobina Dadzie ◽  
Ishmael Bukari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background Proper sanitation has been one of the topmost priorities on the global public health agenda. In the past few decades, sanitation programs targeting households have often paid little attention to the disposal of children’s stools. We assessed the individual and contextual factors associated with disposal of children’s faeces in Papua New Guinea. Methods The data used for this study forms part of the 2016–2018 Papua New Guinea Demographic and Health Survey (PDHS). For this study, we focused on women with children less than five years (n = 2095). Both descriptive and inferential analyses were carried out. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data, using frequency counts and percentages. The inferential analysis used multilevel logistic regression models to investigate the individual and contextual factors associated with disposal of children’s stools. These models were presented as adjusted odds ratio (AORs), together with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results More than half (56%) of the women had disposed of their children’s stools unsafely. With the individual level factors, the results showed that women with children < 12 months [AOR =1.71; CI = 1.28–2.29] and women aged 20–24 [AOR =2.58; CI = 1.24–5.37], 35–39 [AOR =2.34; CI = 1.09–5.04], and 40 years and above [AOR =2.51; CI = 1.09–5.79] were more likely to practice unsafe disposal of children’s stool. The odds of unsafe disposal of faeces was also higher among women who visited the health facility for child diarrhea [AOR =1.69; CI = 1.25–2.28]. With the contextual factors, the odds of unsafe disposal of children’s stool was higher among women who lived in the Southern region [AOR =4.82; CI = 2.08–11.18], those who lived in male-headed households [AOR =1.79; CI = 1.19–2.70], and those who had unimproved toilet facilities [AOR =1.96; CI = 1.39–2.76]. On the contrary, women with unimproved source of drinking water were less likely to dispose of their children’s stool unsafely [AOR =0.54; CI = 0.35–0.83]. Conclusion Both individual and contextual factors predict unsafe disposal of children’s faeces in Papua New Guinea. It is recommended that sanitation programs should focus on behavioral change and not only on the extension of water and improved toilet facilities. Such programs should also focus on both individual and contextual factors of women.

scholarly journals Individual and contextual factors associated with barriers to accessing healthcare among women in Papua New Guinea: insights from a nationwide demographic and health survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul-Aziz Seidu ◽  
Ebenezer Agbaglo ◽  
Louis Kobina Dadzie ◽  
Bright Opoku Ahinkorah ◽  
Edward Kwabena Ameyaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Wealth Quintile ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Background This study sought to assess the individual and contextual factors associated with barriers to accessing healthcare among women in Papua New Guinea. Methods The study was conducted among 14 653 women aged 15–49 y using data from the 2016–2018 Papua New Guinea Demographic and Health Survey. The outcome variable was barriers to accessing healthcare. Descriptive and multilevel logistic regression analyses were conducted. Statistical significance was declared at P &lt; 0.05. Results Women aged 15–19 y were more likely to experience at least one barrier compared with those aged 40–49 y (adjusted OR [AOR]=1.48; 95% CI 1.18 to 1.86). Women with secondary/higher education (AOR=0.68; 95% CI 0.57 to 0.81), women in the richest wealth quintile (AOR=0.36; 95% CI 0.28 to 0.46) and those in the least disadvantaged socioeconomic status (AOR=0.46; 95% CI 0.33 to 0.64) had lower odds of having challenges with at least one barrier to healthcare. However, living in rural areas increased the odds of facing at least one barrier to healthcare (AOR=1.87; 95% CI 1.27 to 2.77). Conclusions This study has demonstrated that both individual and contextual factors are associated with barriers to healthcare accessibility among women in Papua New Guinea. To enhance the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals 3.1, 3.7 and 3.8, it is critical to deem these factors necessary and reinforce prevailing policies to tackle barriers to accessing healthcare among women in Papua New Guinea.

scholarly journals Predictors of home births among rural women in Ghana: analysis of data from the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Budu
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Health ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Wealth Status ◽  
Home Births ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Background Home births is one of the factors associated with maternal mortality. This study examined the predictors of home births among rural women in Ghana. Methods Data for this study was obtained from the 2014 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) of Ghana. For the purpose of this study, a sample size of 2,101 women in the rural areas who had given birth within five years prior to the survey and had responses on variables was considered. Data processing, management and analysis were carried out using STATA version 14.0. This study carried out bivariate and multivariate analyses and results were tested at 95% confidence interval. The Adjusted odds ratios were used to present the results and the level of statistical significance was assessed using 95% confidence intervals. Results Home births was found to be high among women who resided in the Northern region compared to those in the Western region [AOR, 1.81 CI = 1.10–2.98]. Similarly, the likelihood of home birth was high among women with four or more births [AOR, 1.46 CI = 1.03–2.05] and Traditionalists [AOR, 2.50 CI = 1.54–4.06]. Conversely, giving birth at home was low among women with higher level of education [AOR = 0.58, CI = 0.43–0.78], those with rich wealth status [AOR = 0.19, CI = 0.10–0.38], those with four or more ANC visits [AOR = 0.11, CI = 0.15–0.23] and those who were covered by NHIS [AOR = 0.58, CI = 0.46–0.72]. Conclusions Over the years, there have been efforts by governments in Ghana to make maternal health services free in the country. However, a substantial proportion of women still undergo home births. To reduce the utilization of home births in Ghana, it is essential that government and non-governmental organisations make the cost of delivery services part of the free maternal health care policy and take into consideration the factors associated with the high rates of home births among rural women in Ghana.

scholarly journals Individual and community level factors associated with anemia among children 6—59 months of age in Ethiopia: A further analysis of 2016 Ethiopia demographic and health survey

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0241720
Author(s):  
Menaseb Gebrehaweria Gebremeskel ◽  
Afework Mulugeta ◽  
Abate Bekele ◽  
Lire Lemma ◽  
Muzey Gebremichael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Multilevel Logistic Regression ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Dire Dawa ◽  
Poverty Status ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Multilevel Logistic Regression Model

Background Anemia is a global public health problem; but its burden is disproportionately borne among children in the African Regions. The 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey report showed that the prevalence of anemia among children 6–59 months of age was 57%; far exceeding the national target of 25% set for 2015. Although studies have been conducted in Ethiopia, multilevel analysis has rarely been used to identify factors associated with anemia among children. Therefore, this study aimed to identify individual and community-level factors associated with anemia among children 6–59 months of age by fitting a multilevel logistic regression model. Methods The data was obtained from the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey, conducted from January to June 2016, and downloaded from the website http://www.DHSprogram.com. The sample was taken using two-stage stratified sampling. In stage one, 645 Enumeration Areas and in stage two 28 households per Enumeration Area were selected. A sample of 7790 children 6–59 months of age was included. Data were analyzed using STATA version 14. A multilevel logistic regression model was fitted and an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was obtained. Result From the individual-level factors, anemia was associated most strongly with child age, wealth index, maternal anemia and child stunting followed by child underweight, child fever and birth order whereas from the community-level, the strongest odds of anemia occurred among children from Somali, Harari, Dire Dawa and Afar region followed by Oromia and Addis Ababa. Low community-poverty is a protective factor for anemia. The odds of anemia were 0.81 (95% CI: 0.66, 0.99) times lower for children who were living in communities of lower poverty status than children who were living in communities of higher poverty status. Children from Somali and Dire Dawa had 3.38 (95% CI: 3.25, 5.07) and 2.22 (95% CI: 1.42, 3.48) times higher odds of anemia, respectively than children from the Tigray region. Conclusions This study shows that anemia among children 6–59 months of age is affected both by the individual and community level factors. It is better to strengthen the strategies of early detection and management of stunted and underweight children. At the same time, interventions should be strengthened to address maternal anemia, child fever and poverty, specifically targeting regions identified to have a high risk of anemia.

scholarly journals A multilevel analysis of individual and contextual factors associated with the practice of safe disposal of children’s faeces in sub-Saharan Africa

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0254774
Author(s):  
Abdul-Aziz Seidu ◽  
Bright Opoku Ahinkorah ◽  
Kwaku Kissah-Korsah ◽  
Ebenezer Agbaglo ◽  
Louis Kobina Dadzie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Safe Disposal ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Individual

Background Over the years, sanitation programs over the world have focused more on household sanitation, with limited attention towards the disposal of children’s stools. This lack of attention could be due to the misconception that children’s stools are harmless. The current study examined the individual and contextual predictors of safe disposal of children’s faeces among women in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Methods The study used secondary data involving 128,096 mother-child pairs of under-five children from the current Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) in 15 sub-Saharan African countries from 2015 to 2018. Multilevel logistic analysis was used to assess the individual and contextual factors associated with the practice of safe disposal of children’s faeces. We presented the results as adjusted odds ratios (aOR) at a statistical significance of p< 0.05. Results The results show that 58.73% (57.79–59.68) of childbearing women in the 15 countries in SSA included in our study safely disposed off their children’s stools. This varied from as high as 85.90% (84.57–87.14) in Rwanda to as low as 26.38% (24.01–28.91) in Chad. At the individual level, the practice of safe disposal of children’s stools was more likely to occur among children aged 1, compared to those aged 0 [aOR = 1.74; 95% CI: 1.68–1.80] and those with diarrhoea compared to those without diarrhoea [aOR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.13–1.21]. Mothers with primary level of education [aOR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.30–1.5], those aged 35–39 [aOR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.12–1.28], and those exposed to radio [aOR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.20–1.27] were more likely to practice safe disposal of children’s stools. Conversely, the odds of safe disposal of children’s stool were lower among mothers who were married [aOR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.69–0.80] and those who belonged to the Traditional African Religion [aOR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.51–0.80]. With the contextual factors, women with improved water [aOR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.10–1.16] and improved toilet facility [aOR = 5.75 95% CI: 5.55–5.95] had higher odds of safe disposal of children’s stool. On the other hand, mothers who lived in households with 5 or more children [aOR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.86–0.93], those in rural areas [aOR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.82–0.89], and those who lived in Central Africa [aOR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.18–0.21] were less likely to practice safe disposal of children’s stools. Conclusion The findings indicate that between- and within-country contextual variations and commonalities need to be acknowledged in designing interventions to enhance safe disposal of children’s faeces. Audio-visual education on safe faecal disposal among rural women and large households can help enhance safe disposal. In light of the strong association between safe stool disposal and improved latrine use in SSA, governments need to develop feasible and cost-effective strategies to increase the number of households with access to improved toilet facilities.

scholarly journals Factors associated with completion of childhood immunization in Malawi: a multilevel analysis of the 2015–16 Malawi demographic and health survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (9) ◽  
pp. 534-544
Author(s):  
Peter Austin Morton Ntenda ◽  
Owen Nkoka ◽  
Andrè Wendindonde Nana ◽  
Precious Majoni ◽  
Thomas Gabriel Mhone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Oral Polio Vaccine ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Childhood Immunization ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Using Data ◽  
To Receive

Abstract Background Between 2010 and 2015, the percentage of children 12–23 months of age who received full immunization in Malawi decreased from 81% to 76%, prompting us to investigate the factors associated with completion of childhood immunization in Malawi. Methods Using data from the 2015–16 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey, generalized linear mixed models were applied on 3145 children 12–23 months of age nested within 850 communities. Complete immunization was defined as the child having received a Bacillus Calmette-Guerin, three doses of pentavalent vaccine, four doses of oral polio vaccine, three doses of pneumococcal vaccine, two doses of rotavirus vaccine and one dose of measles vaccine before their first birthday. Results Adjusted multilevel regression showed that children born to mothers with either none or one antenatal care visit (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.56 [95% confidence interval {CI} 0.32 to 0.93]) and whose mothers had no card or no longer had a vaccination card (aOR 0.06 [95% CI 0.04 to 0.07]) were less likely to receive complete immunization. In addition, children from the poorest households (aOR 0.60 [95% CI 0.40 to 0.92]) and who resided in communities with a medium (aOR 0.73 [95% CI 0.53 to 0.98]) or high percentage (aOR 0.73 [95% CI 0.53 to 0.99]) of households that perceived the distance to the nearest health facility as a big problem had reduced odds of achieving complete immunization. Furthermore, the findings showed evidence of clustering effects of childhood complete immunization at the community level. Conclusions Our findings show that a series of sociodemographic, health and contextual factors are associated with the completion of childhood vaccination. Therefore interventions that aim at increasing the completion of childhood immunization in Malawi should not only address individual needs, but should also consider contextual factors and the communities addressed in this study.

scholarly journals Understanding the determinants of postnatal care uptake for babies: A mixed effects multilevel modelling of 2016–18 Papua New Guinea Demographic and Health Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Appiah ◽  
Justice Ofosu Darko Fenteng ◽  
Felix Dare ◽  
Tarif Salihu ◽  
Andrews Ohene Darteh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Wealth Quintile ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
World Health ◽  
Outcome Variable

Abstract Background Papua New Guinea (PNG) recorded 22 neonatal deaths out of every 1,000 livebirths in 2019. Some of these deaths are related to complications that arise shortly after childbirth; hence, postnatal care (PNC) utilisation could serve as a surviving strategy for neonates as recommended by the World Health Organisation. National level study on determinants of PNC uptake in PNG is limited. Utilising the Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Model of Human Development, the study aimed at assessing determinants of PNC utilisation for babies by their mothers aged 15–49 in PNG. Methods The study used data from the women’s file of the 2016–18 PNG Demographic and Health Survey (2016–18 PNGDHS) and a sample of 4,908 women aged 15–49 who had complete information on the variables of interest to the study. Nineteen (19) explanatory variables were selected for the study whereas PNC for babies within first two months after being discharged after birth was the main outcome variable. At 95% confidence interval (95% CI), six multilevel logistic models were built. The Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) was used to assess models’ fit. All analyses were carried out using STATA version 14.0. Results Generally, 31% of the women utilised PNC for their babies. Women with primary education [aOR = 1.42, CI = 1.13–1.78], those belonging to the middle wealth quintile [aOR = 1.42, CI = 1.08–1.87], working class [aOR = 1.28, CI = 1.10–1.49], women who had the four or more ANC visits [aOR = 1.23, CI = 1.05–1.43], those with twins [aOR = 1.83, CI = 1.01–3.29], women who belonged to community of medium literate class [aOR = 1.75, CI = 1.34–2.27] and those of moderate socioeconomic status [aOR = 1.60, CI = 1.16–2.21] had higher odds of seeking PNC for their babies. The odds to seek PNC services for babies reduced among the cohabiting women [aOR = 0.79, CI = 0.64–0.96], those at parity four or more [aOR = 0.77, CI = 0.63–0.93], women who gave birth to small babies [aOR = 0.80, CI = 0.67–0.98] and residents in the Highlands region [aOR = 0.47, CI = 0.36–0.62]. Conclusions Maternal education, wealth quintile, occupation, partner’s education, ANC visits, marital status, parity, child size at birth, twin status, community literacy and socioeconomic status as well as region of residence were associated with PNC uptake for babies in PNG. Variation in PNC uptake for babies existed from one community/cluster to the other. There is the need to strengthen public health education to increase awareness about the benefits of seeking PNC services for babies among women in PNG. Such programs should consider maternal and community/cluster characteristics in their design.

scholarly journals Determinants of Anemia among Children Aged 6–59 Months in Ethiopia: Further Analysis of the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melash Belachew Asresie ◽  
Gedefaw Abeje Fekadu ◽  
Gizachew Worku Dagnew
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Young Mothers ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Background. Anemia among children is a global public health problem. The burden is high in developing countries including Ethiopia. Although there are some studies about anemia among children, there is a dearth of information about factors associated with anemia in Ethiopia. Therefore, this analysis was performed to identify factors associated with anemia among children aged 6–59 months in Ethiopia. Methods. We used the 2016 Ethiopian Demography and Health Survey (EDHS) data. EDHS was a community-based, cross-sectional study conducted from January 18, 2016 to June 27, 2016. The 2016 EDHS selected the participants using a two-stage stratified cluster sampling technique. A total of 8,462 children aged 6–59 months were included for this analysis. Both descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed using Stata version14. A P value less than 0.05 at 95% confidence interval was set to test the statistical significance. Results. The analysis indicated that about 58% (95% CI: 55.1, 60.1) of children aged 6–59 months were anemic. Of those, 29.4% and 3.1% had moderate and severe anemia, respectively. The analysis revealed that stunted (AOR = 0.135, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.62) and underweight (AOR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.55) children had higher odds of being anemic. Besides, children aged 6–23 months (AOR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.82), 24–42 months of age (AOR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.51), and those with fever (AOR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.67) had higher odds of being anemic. Similarly, children from anemic mothers (AOR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.58, 2.18) and poor households (AOR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.67) were at a higher risk of anemia. Children from households with large family sizes (AOR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.60), young mothers (15–24 years of age (AOR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.82) and 25–34 years of age (AOR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.51)), and developing regions (AOR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.02) also had higher odds of developing anemia. Conclusion. The overall prevalence of anemia among children aged 6–59 months in Ethiopia was high. Malnourished children (stunting and underweight); children with fever; children from anemic, uneducated, and young mothers; and children from large and poor families had higher odds to develop anemia. Therefore, preventing childhood illnesses and maternal anemia should be strengthened to reduce anemia among children.

scholarly journals Individual and Community Level Factors Associated with Early Sexual Initiation Among Female Youth in Ethiopia: A Multilevel Analysis of 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mastewal Arefaynie ◽  
Melaku Yalew ◽  
Yitayish Damtie ◽  
Bereket Kefale
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sexual Initiation ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Female Youth ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Early Sexual Initiation

Abstract Background: There is limited national representative evidence on determinants of early sexual act among youth (female) especially community level factors are not investigated in Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to assess individual and community level factors associated with early sexual initiation among female youth in Ethiopia.Method: A secondary data analysis was done on the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) dataset was collected cross-sectional. A total of 6143 15-24 years’ old females irrespective of their sexual activity were included in the analysis. Multi-level mixed-effect logistic regression analysis was done by STATA version 14.0 to identify individual and community-level factors. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to show the strength and direction of association and statistical significance was declared at P value less than 0.05.Result: individual level factors significantly associated with early sexual initiation among female youth were; age group from 19-24 years [AOR=5.77, 95% CI= (4.58, 7.27)], not attend school [AOR=14.1, 95% CI= (8.06, 24.66)], ever chew Chat [AOR= 1.98, 95%CI= (1.32, 2.97)]. From community label variables living in Addis Ababa [AOR= 0.28, 95%CI= (0.17, 0.45)], living in Gambella [AOR=2.7, 95%CI= (1.7, 4.29)] and live in low proportion of poor communities [AOR= 0.66, 95% CI= (0.49, 0.9)] were significantly associated with early initiation of sexual intercourse of female youth. Conclusion: increased age, low educational status, ever chewing Chat, region and live in high proportion of poor community had statistical association with early sexual initiation among female youth. Improving educational coverage, improving community level wealth status are important interventions to delay the age of first sexual act among female youth.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Pregnancy Among Filipino Women Aged 15-19: Results from the 2017 Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veincent Christian Pepito ◽  
Arianna Maever L. Amit ◽  
Clinton S. Tang ◽  
Luis Miguel B. Co ◽  
Neil Andrew K. Aliazas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Filipino Women ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background: Teenage pregnancy is an event known to have physical, emotional, and psychosocial implications. Despite such risks, many teenage Filipino women still have unintended pregnancies. This study aims to identify factors associated with pregnancy among Filipino women aged 15-19.Methods: We used data from the individual recode of the 2017 Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey. We used logistic regression for survey data to identify determinants associated with teenage pregnancy. Results: Out of 5,120 respondents, 420 (8.56%) have ever been pregnant. After adjusting for confounding variables, we find that there is strong evidence that belonging to the richer (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 0.51; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.27, 0.97) and richest (aOR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.22, 0.93) socio-economic strata are protective against teenage pregnancy. Accessing the internet at least once a week (aOR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.24, 0.74) or almost every day (aOR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.86) are also protective against teenage pregnancy. Among the religions, being Protestant (aOR: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.22, 0.96), or a Muslim (aOR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.14, 0.58) lower the odds of teenage pregnancy as compared to being Roman Catholic. On the other hand, there is strong evidence that just finishing primary education raises the odds of teenage pregnancy by six times (aOR: 6.25; 95% CI: 1.31, 29.89) as compared to those who did not have any formal education. A year increase in age also increases the odds of teenage pregnancy by 2.93 times (aOR: 2.93; 95% CI: 2.48, 3.46).Conclusions: These findings highlight the need to implement reproductive health education and contraceptive promotion interventions on a nationwide scale. Promoting internet access through investments in internet coverage and speed may also help in further decrease teenage pregnancy. Urgent action is needed considering the prevalence of teenage pregnancy in the country and its rapid increase due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Social and individual factors associated with condom use among single youths: an analysis of the 2018 Cameroon Demographic and Health Survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Jean-Robert Mburano Rwenge ◽  
Franklin Bouba Djourdebbe ◽  
Emmanuel Ekambi Ekambi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Main Risk Factor ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Service Sectors

Abstract In Cameroon, two-fifths of the population is between the age of 15 and 24. Adolescents and youths are an important social group for the development of the country and the realization of the demographic dividend. The promotion of sexual and reproductive health will enable youth to transform their potential into development. This study aimed to identify the determinants of condom use at last sexual intercourse among single youths, highlight gender differences in the factors associated with condom use and identify the characteristics of youths who were less likely to use condoms. Data were taken from the 2018 Cameroon Demographic and Health Survey. The study sample comprised 1464 single females and 989 single males age 15–24. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to test the study hypotheses. Overall, 51% of the female and 66% of the male youths reported using condoms at last sexual intercourse. For both sexes, the protective factor was not having children. Among the females, belonging to the Bamileke or Mbo ethnic groups and delaying first sexual intercourse were also protective, while working in the modern or service sectors was the main risk factor. Among male youths, residing in households whose heads had a higher educational level was protective and household poverty was the main risk factor. These findings support Cameroon’s multi-sectoral approach to HIV/AIDS prevention among youths, and emphasize the importance of involving parents, teachers and youths in prevention strategies.

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