Age- and sex-specific profiles of temporal fasting plasma glucose variability in a population undergoing routine health screening

Abstract Background Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) variability is a significant predictor of mortality, especially in patients with poor glycemic control. This study aimed to explore the temporal age- and sex-specific profiles of temporal FPG variability in a Chinese population undergoing routine health screening and to guide the development of targeted public health interventions for the prevention and control of diabetes. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we used a general linear model to compare differences in temporal FPG values between sexes and across age groups in 101,886 Nanjing residents who underwent a routine physical health examination at the Health Management Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, in 2018. The variability of FPG as a function of time, age, and sex, independently and in combination, was analyzed. Results The participants included 57,455 (56.4%) males and 44,431 (43.6%) females, with a mean ± SD age of 42.8 ± 15.0 years. The average ± SD FPG level was 5.5 ± 1.1 mmol/L. The monthly variation contributed to 22% of the overall FPG variability. A significant main effect for the age group was observed (F = 7.39, P < 0.05), with an excellent fitting effect (Eta-squared =0.15). The variability of FPG showed sex differences in the percentage difference of the coefficient of variation, which was 34.1% higher in males than females. There were significant interaction effects for month*age*sex and day*age*sex. Conclusions Temporal variability in FPG is evident in the general Chinese population and is affected by both age and sex. To avoid complications associated with FPG variability, interventions should be directed at females and males at specific ages for optimal control of FPG variability and to reduce the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular events.

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Age-and-Sex Specific Profile of Temporal Fasting Plasma Glucose Variability in a Routine Health Screening Population

10.21203/rs.3.rs-89498/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Agyei Helena Lartey ◽

Xiaona Li ◽

Zhongqi Li ◽

Qun Zhang ◽

Jianming Wang

Keyword(s):

Plasma Glucose ◽

Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽

Chinese Population ◽

Health Screening ◽

Health Examination ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Fasting Plasma ◽

And Gender ◽

Age And Sex ◽

Specific Profile

Abstract BackgroundFasting plasma glucose (FPG) variability is an important predictor of mortality, mainly in patients with a poor glycemic control. This study aims to explore the temporal age-and-sex specific profile of temporal FPG variability in a routine health screening Chinese population and to guide the prevention and control of diabetes for targeted public health intervention.MethodsWe used the general linear model to compare differences of temporal FPG values between gender and across age groups of 101886 Nanjing residents who took part in the routine physical health examination at the Health Management Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University in 2018. Variability of FPG caused by time, age and gender independently or in combination was analyzed.ResultsThe participants included 57455(56.4%) males and 44431(43.6%) females, with the mean age of 42.8±15.0 years. The average FPG level was 5.5±1.1 mmol/L. The monthly variation contributed 22% of the overall FPG variability. A significant main effect for age group was observed (F=7.39, P <0.05), with a good fitting effect (Eta-squared =0.15). Variability of FPG showed gender differences by comparing the percentage differences of coefficient of variation which was higher in males than females. There were significant interaction effects of month*age*gender and day*age*gender.ConclusionsTemporal variability of FPG is obvious in the general Chinese population, which is affected by both age and gender. To avoid complications associated with FPG variability such as hypoglycemia, interventions should be directed at females and males at specific ages for optimal control of FPG variability and reducing the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular outcomes

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Factors responsible for age-related elevation in fasting plasma glucose: a cross-sectional study in Japanese men

Metabolism ◽

10.1016/j.metabol.2007.10.002 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 299-303 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Kentaro Toyoda ◽

Mitsuo Fukushima ◽

Rie Mitsui ◽

Norio Harada ◽

Hidehiko Suzuki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plasma Glucose ◽

Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Japanese Men ◽

Fasting Plasma ◽

Age Related

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Day-to-Day Variations in Fasting Plasma Glucose Do Not Influence Gastric Emptying in Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes

10.2337/figshare.13020413 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Lea Aigner ◽

Björn Becker ◽

Sonja Gerken ◽

Daniel R. Quast ◽

Juris J. Meier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Gastric Emptying ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽

Fasting Plasma

Objective: Acute experimental variations in glycemia decelerate (hyperglycemia) or accelerate (hypoglycemia) gastric emptying. Whether spontaneous variations in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) have a similar influence on gastric emptying is yet unclear. Research design and methods: Gastric emptying of a mixed meal was prospectively studied three times in 20 patients with type 1 diabetes and 10 healthy subjects with normal glucose tolerance using a 13C-CO2 octanoate breath test with Wagner-Nelson analysis. The velocity of gastric emptying was related to fasting plasma glucose (FPG) measured before the test (grouped as low, intermediate, or high). In addition, gastric emptying data from 255 patients with type 1 diabetes studied for clinical indications were compared by tertiles of baseline FPG. Results: Despite marked variations in FPG (by 4.8 (3.4; 6.2) mmol/l), gastric emptying did not differ between the three prospective examinations in patients with type 1 diabetes (D T1/2 between highest and lowest FPG: 1 [95 % CI: -35; 37] min; p = 0.90). The coefficient of variation for T1/2 determined three times was 21.0 %. Similar results at much lower variations in FPG were found in healthy subjects. In the cross-sectional analysis, gastric emptying did not differ between the tertiles of FPG (D T1/2 between highest and lowest FPG: 7 [95 % CI: - 10; 23] min; p = 0.66), when FPG varied by 7.2 (6.7; 7.8) mmol/l. However, higher HbA1c was significantly related to slower gastric emptying. Conclusions: Day-to-day variations in FPG not induced by therapeutic measures do not influence gastric emptying significantly. These findings are in contrast with those obtained after rapidly clamping plasma glucose in the hyper- or hypoglycemic concentrations range and challenge the clinical importance of short-term glucose fluctuations for gastric emptying in type 1-diabetic patients. Rather, chronic hyperglycemia is associated with slowed gastric emptying.

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Data mining: The association of 2‐h postprandial plasma glucose with the fasting plasma glucose in a large Chinese population

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis ◽

10.1002/jcla.23404 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (9) ◽

Author(s):

Dandan Sun ◽

Dandan Li ◽

Songlin Yu ◽

Kai Zhang ◽

Xinqi Cheng

Keyword(s):

Data Mining ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽

Chinese Population ◽

Postprandial Plasma Glucose ◽

Fasting Plasma

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Prediction of type 2 diabetes mellitus using fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c levels among individuals with impaired fasting plasma glucose: a cross-sectional study in Thailand

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041269 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. e041269

Author(s):

Tullaya Sitasuwan ◽

Raweewan Lertwattanarak

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Fasting Plasma

ObjectivesAbout 11%–30% of individuals with impaired fasting plasma glucose (IFG) have type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), diagnosed by the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (75 g OGTT). This study investigated (1) the prevalence and cut-off levels for fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in IFG individuals that most effectively predict the presence of T2DM diagnosed by a 75 g OGTT; (2) the predictors associated with T2DM; and (3) the pathophysiological characteristics of patients with IFG.Materials and methodsA single-centre, cross-sectional study was conducted in a primary care setting. A standard 75 g OGTT was performed on 123 subjects with IFG. Their beta-cell function and insulin resistance were calculated through plasma glucose and insulin levels monitored during the 75 g OGTT.ResultsIn the IFG subjects, the prevalence of T2DM using the 2-hour postload plasma glucose (2hPG) criterion was 28.5%. Pre-diabetes and normal glucose metabolism were found in 48.7% and 22.8%, respectively, by 75 g OGTT. An HbA1c level ≥6.0% or FPG ≥5.9 mmol/L were the optimal cut-off thresholds for the prediction of the presence of T2DM. HbA1c had a sensitivity of 76.7% and specificity of 55.7% (95% CI 57.7% to 90.1% and 95% CI 43.3% to 67.6%, respectively), while FPG had a sensitivity of 85.7% and specificity of 23.9% (95% CI 69.7% to 95.2% and 95% CI 15.4% to 34.1%, respectively). The presence of metabolic syndrome, a higher HbA1c and higher FPG levels were associated with the risk of T2DM in the Thai IFG population.ConclusionsAlmost one-third of the people with IFG had T2DM diagnosed by the 2hPG criterion. HbA1c was more effective than FPG in predicting the presence of T2DM in the IFG subjects. IFG individuals with HbA1c≥6.0% or FPG≥5.9 mmol/L should be advised to undergo a 75 g OGTT to detect T2DM earlier than otherwise.

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Gender Differences in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Metabolically Healthy Normal Weight Adults with Central Obesity

Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes ◽

10.1055/s-0043-119877 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 126 (05) ◽

pp. 309-315

Author(s):

Katarína Šebeková ◽

Melinda Csongová ◽

Radana Gurecká ◽

Zora Krivošíková ◽

Jozef Šebek

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽

Central Obesity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Fasting Plasma ◽

Metabolically Healthy

AbstractWe investigated whether metabolically healthy normal weight adults with central obesity display worse cardiometabolic profile compared with their centrally lean counterparts. This retrospective, cross-sectional study, comprised 1 135 subjects (64% females) aged 18-to-81 years, presenting ≤2 components of metabolic syndrome. They were classified as centrally lean (waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)<0.5 and waist circumference<80 cm in females and<94 cm in males) or presenting central obesity (WHtR ≥0.5, regardless of waist circumference). Data on blood pressure, glucose homeostasis, lipid profile, renal function, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), uric acid, adiponectin, leptin, and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products were compared between the groups, separately in males and females. 5.7% of males and 6.9% of females presented WHtR ≥0.5. Compared with centrally lean subjects, those with central obesity had higher BMI-adjusted fasting plasma glucose (p<0.001), and leptin levels (p<0.05); females also presented higher blood pressure (p<0.001), while males had higher hsCRP concentrations (p=0.021). These changes associated with significantly higher BMI-adjusted odds to present fasting plasma glucose >5.6 mmol/l in both genders, higher odds to present hsCRP >3 mg/l in males, and those to present elevated blood pressure in females. Our analysis suggests that in metabolically healthy normal weight subjects WHtR ≥0.5 might indicate “early increased health risk”.

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Reversion From Pre–Diabetes Mellitus to Normoglycemia and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and All‐Cause Mortality in a Chinese Population: A Prospective Cohort Study

Journal of the American Heart Association ◽

10.1161/jaha.120.019045 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Xiaoxue Liu ◽

Shouling Wu ◽

Qiaofeng Song ◽

Xizhu Wang

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽

Chinese Population ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Unique Identifier ◽

Fasting Plasma ◽

All Cause Mortality

Background It is unclear whether reversion from pre–diabetes mellitus to normoglycemia reduces cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all‐cause mortality risk in a Chinese population. We aimed to fill this research gap. Methods and Results The current study included 14 231 Chinese participants (mean age, 58.08 years) who were free from myocardial infarction and stroke at the time of survey participation (2006–2007 and 2008–2009). Participants were divided into 3 categories according to the 2‐year changes in pre–diabetes mellitus, defined by fasting plasma glucose: those with progression to diabetes mellitus, those with reversion from pre–diabetes mellitus to normoglycemia, and those with persistent pre–diabetes mellitus. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% CIs for CVD and all‐cause mortality. After a median follow‐up period of 8.75 years, a total of 879 CVD events (including 180 myocardial infarction events and 713 stroke events) and 941 all‐cause mortality events were recorded. After adjustment for confounding factors, reversion from pre–diabetes mellitus to normoglycemia was associated with decreased risks of CVD (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.64–0.96), myocardial infarction (HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.40–0.97), stroke (HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.63–0.98), and all‐cause mortality (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.68–0.99) compared with progression to diabetes mellitus. Conclusions Reversion from fasting plasma glucose–defined pre–diabetes mellitus to normoglycemia was associated with a reduction in the future risk of CVD and all‐cause mortality in a Chinese population. Registration URL: https://www.chictr.org ; Unique identifier: ChiCTRTNC‐11001489.

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A Five-year Follow-up Study of Fasting Plasma Glucose Levels in 3,604 Subjects Undergoing Health Screening.

Japanese journal of MHTS ◽

10.7143/jhep1985.28.429 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 429-433

Author(s):

Hidetaka HORIE ◽

Yoko SHIBATA ◽

Shinji MITSUHASHI ◽

Fumitoshi OHNO ◽

Seiki SHIINO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plasma Glucose ◽

Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽

Health Screening ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Follow Up Study ◽

Fasting Plasma

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Association of cognitive dietary restraint and disinhibition with prediabetes – cross-sectional and longitudinal data of a feasibility study in German employees

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980011002370 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 860-867 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Birgit-Christiane Zyriax ◽

Christina Wolf ◽

Annika Schlüter ◽

Asad Hameed Khattak ◽

Joachim Westenhoefer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Waist Circumference ◽

Longitudinal Data ◽

Feasibility Study ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽

Central Obesity ◽

Eating Behaviour ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Flexible Control ◽

Fasting Plasma

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the impact of eating behaviour traits on central obesity, prediabetes and associated major dietary food patterns.DesignAssessment of eating behaviour was based on the revised German version of the Three-Eating Factor Questionnaire using cross-sectional and longitudinal data of a feasibility study in employees. Data on lifestyle and nutrition were obtained by validated self-administered questionnaires. Baseline characteristics were analysed by the univariate χ2 test or the Mann–Whitney test. To quantify correlations linear regression analysis was used.SettingThe Delay of Impaired Glucose Tolerance by a Healthy Lifestyle Trial (DELIGHT), which investigated measures to prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus in 2004–2008.SubjectsEmployees (21–64 years, 127 men, 157 women) with elevated waist circumference (men ≥94 cm, women ≥80 cm) of five medium-sized companies in northern Germany.ResultsAt baseline (T0), BMI but particularly waist circumference showed a strong inverse correlation with flexible control (P < 0·0001) and a positive correlation with disinhibition (P < 0·0001) and rigid control (P = 0·063). Flexible control was also significantly inversely related to fasting plasma glucose (P = 0·040), energy intake (P < 0·0001), intake of meat and meat products (P = 0·0001), and positively associated with intake of fruit and vegetables (P < 0·0001) at baseline (T0). Changes in flexible control within the first year of intervention (T1 v. T0) predicted changes in central obesity (P < 0·0001) and fasting plasma glucose (P = 0·025).ConclusionsDELIGHT shows that flexible control characterizes individuals with a higher dietary quality, a lower waist circumference and a lower glucose level. Enhancing flexible control more than rigid control, and decreasing disinhibition, seems beneficial in terms of central adiposity and glucose levels.

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