Social trust and emotional health in rural older adults in China: the mediating and moderating role of subjective well-being and subjective social status

Abstract Background China is becoming an aging society. The emotional health of the elderly is gaining importance. Social trust is an important factor affecting emotional health, but existing studies have rarely considered the various effects of different types of social trust on rural elderly emotional health. Few studies have analysed the role of subjective well-being and subjective social status in the relationship between social trust and elderly emotional health. Methods Using the data of the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey 2016 (CLDS 2016) and regression models, this study selected 2084 rural respondents aged 60 years and above to analyse the impact of social trust on their emotional health. Social trust was divided into three categories: trust in family members, trust in friends, and trust in neighbours. This study also examined the mediating and moderating effects of subjective well-being and subjective social status on the relationship between social trust and emotional health. Results Trust in family members was significantly and positively associated with emotional health (coefficient = 0.194, P < 0.01) and subjective well-being (coefficient = 0.177, P < 0.01). Trust in friends was significantly and positively associated with emotional health and subjective well-being (coefficient = 0.097, P < 0.01; coefficient = 0.174, P < 0.01, respectively). Trust in neighbours was significantly and positively associated with emotional health and subjective well-being (coefficient = 0.088, P < 0.01; coefficient = 0.177, P < 0.01; respectively). Subjective well-being effectively reduced the impact of social trust in family, friends, and neighbours on the emotional health of the elderly by 0.023, 0.022, and 0.023, respectively. Trust in friends and neighbours significantly and positively affected respondents’ subjective social status (coefficient = 0.120, P < 0.05; coefficient = 0.090, P < 0.10; respectively). Subjective social status effectively reduced the impact of social trust in friends and neighbours on the emotional health of the elderly both by 0.004. The positive relationship between trust in family members and emotional health is weakened by subjective well-being. Conclusions Social trust, especially family relationships, play an important role in maintaining the emotional health of the rural elderly. In response to population ageing, more social policies must be introduced to care for the rural elderly and help them lead a happy and satisfactory life.

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Social trust and emotional health in rural older adults in China: The mediating and moderating role of subjective well-being and subjective social status

10.21203/rs.3.rs-60031/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hongsheng Chen ◽

Zhenjun Zhu

Keyword(s):

Social Status ◽

Social Trust ◽

Emotional Health ◽

Family Members ◽

Well Being ◽

The Elderly ◽

Subjective Social Status ◽

Rural Elderly ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

The Impact

Abstract BackgroundChina is becoming an aging society. The emotional health of the elderly is gaining importance. Social trust is an important factor affecting emotional health, but existing studies have rarely considered the various effects of different types of social trust on rural elderly emotional health. Few studies have analysed the role of subjective well-being and subjective social status in the relationship between social trust and elderly emotional health.MethodsUsing the data of the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey 2016 (CLDS 2016) and regression models, this study selected 2084 rural respondents aged 60 years and above to analyse the impact of social trust on their emotional health. Social trust was divided into three categories: trust in family members, trust in friends, and trust in neighbours. This study also examined the mediating and moderating effects of subjective well-being and subjective social status on the relationship between social trust and emotional health.ResultsTrust in family members was significantly and positively associated with emotional health (coefficient=0.194, P<0.01) and subjective well-being (coefficient=0.177, P<0.01). Trust in friends was significantly and positively associated with emotional health and subjective well-being (coefficient=0.097, P<0.01; coefficient=0.174, P<0.01, respectively). Trust in neighbours was significantly and positively associated with emotional health and subjective well-being (coefficient=0.088, P<0.01; coefficient=0.177, P<0.01; respectively). Subjective well-being effectively reduced the impact of social trust in family, friends, and neighbours on the emotional health of the elderly by 0.023, 0.022, and 0.023, respectively. Trust in friends and neighbours significantly and positively affected respondents’ subjective social status (coefficient=0.120, P<0.05; coefficient=0.090, P<0.10; respectively). Subjective social status effectively reduced the impact of social trust in friends and neighbours on the emotional health of the elderly both by 0.004. The positive relationship between trust in family members and emotional health is weakened by subjective well-being.ConclusionsSocial trust, especially family relationships, play an important role in maintaining the emotional health of the rural elderly. In response to population ageing, more social policies must be introduced to care for the rural elderly and help them lead a happy and satisfactory life.

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Social trust and emotional health in older adults in China: The mediating and moderating role of subjective well-being and subjective social status

10.21203/rs.3.rs-44978/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hongsheng Chen ◽

Zhenjun Zhu

Keyword(s):

Social Status ◽

Social Trust ◽

Emotional Health ◽

Family Members ◽

Well Being ◽

The Elderly ◽

Subjective Social Status ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background China is becoming an aging society. The emotional health of the elderly is gaining importance. Social trust is an important factor affecting emotional health, but existing studies have rarely considered the various effects of different types of social trust on elderly emotional health. Few studies have analysed the role of subjective well-being and subjective social status in the relationship between social trust and elderly emotional health. Methods Using the data of the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey 2016 (CLDS 2016) and regression models, this study selected 3767 respondents aged 60 years and above to analyse the impact of social trust on their emotional health. Social trust was divided into three categories: trust in family members, trust in friends, and trust in neighbours. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used to assess emotional health, and the respondents’ self-assessment scores were adjusted. Results Trust in family members was significantly and positively associated with emotional health (coefficient = 2.854, P < 0.01) and subjective well-being (coefficient = 0.189, P < 0.01). Trust in friends was significantly and positively associated with emotional health and subjective well-being (coefficient = 1.703, P < 0.01; coefficient = 0.171, P < 0.01, respectively). Trust in neighbours was significantly and positively associated with emotional health and subjective well-being (coefficient = 1.461, P < 0.01; coefficient = 0.186, P < 0.01; respectively). Subjective well-being effectively reduced the impact of social trust in family, friends, and neighbours on the emotional health of the elderly by 0.378, 0.341, and 0.370, respectively. Trust in family members, friends, and neighbours, significantly and positively affected respondents’ subjective social status (coefficient = 0.115, P < 0.05; coefficient = 0.095, P < 0.05; coefficient = 0.121, P < 0.01, respectively). Subjective social status effectively reduced the impact of social trust in family, friends, and neighbours on the emotional health of the elderly by 0.092, 0.076, and 0.096, respectively. The positive relationship between trust in family members and emotional health was weakened by subjective well-being, and that between trust in neighbours and emotional health was weakened by subjective social status. Conclusions Family relationships play an important role in maintaining the emotional health of the elderly. In response to population ageing, more social policies must be introduced to care for the elderly and help them lead a happy and satisfactory life.

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Social trust and emotional health in older adults in China: The mediating and moderating role of subjective well-being and subjective social status

10.21203/rs.3.rs-60031/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hongsheng Chen ◽

Zhenjun Zhu

Keyword(s):

Social Status ◽

Social Trust ◽

Emotional Health ◽

Family Members ◽

Well Being ◽

The Elderly ◽

Subjective Social Status ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background China is becoming an aging society. The emotional health of the elderly is gaining importance. Social trust is an important factor affecting emotional health, but existing studies have rarely considered the various effects of different types of social trust on elderly emotional health. Few studies have analysed the role of subjective well-being and subjective social status in the relationship between social trust and elderly emotional health.Methods Using the data of the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey 2016 (CLDS 2016) and regression models, this study selected 3767 respondents aged 60 years and above to analyse the impact of social trust on their emotional health. Social trust was divided into three categories: trust in family members, trust in friends, and trust in neighbours. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used to assess emotional health, and the respondents’ self-assessment scores were adjusted.Results Trust in family members was significantly and positively associated with emotional health (coefficient = 2.854, P < 0.01) and subjective well-being (coefficient = 0.189, P < 0.01). Trust in friends was significantly and positively associated with emotional health and subjective well-being (coefficient = 1.703, P < 0.01; coefficient = 0.171, P < 0.01, respectively). Trust in neighbours was significantly and positively associated with emotional health and subjective well-being (coefficient = 1.461, P < 0.01; coefficient = 0.186, P < 0.01; respectively). Subjective well-being effectively reduced the impact of social trust in family, friends, and neighbours on the emotional health of the elderly by 0.378, 0.341, and 0.370, respectively. Trust in family members, friends, and neighbours, significantly and positively affected respondents’ subjective social status (coefficient = 0.115, P < 0.05; coefficient = 0.095, P < 0.05; coefficient = 0.121, P < 0.01, respectively). Subjective social status effectively reduced the impact of social trust in family, friends, and neighbours on the emotional health of the elderly by 0.092, 0.076, and 0.096, respectively. The positive relationship between trust in family members and emotional health was weakened by subjective well-being, and that between trust in neighbours and emotional health was weakened by subjective social status.Conclusions Family relationships play an important role in maintaining the emotional health of the elderly. In response to population ageing, more social policies must be introduced to care for the elderly and help them lead a happy and satisfactory life.

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Understanding Burnout in Indian Housewives Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic

International Journal of Indian Psychology ◽

10.25215/0903.220 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Charvi Pareek ◽

Nandani Agarwal ◽

Yash Jain

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Emotional Health ◽

Family Relations ◽

Family Members ◽

Personal Space ◽

Well Being ◽

Frontline Workers ◽

Work From Home ◽

The World ◽

The Impact

COVID-19 Pandemic has brought the world underwaters. All over the world, people were affected. The focus during this period was mostly on patients and frontline workers, with some attention also towards working adults. One cohort that has not gained much light during this pandemic is of housewives. Housewives had to manage household chores along with managing family relations – especially in India, where societal expectations lie on the female to provide family members with care and manage the household. Dealing with uncertainty, decreased availability of personal space, increased presence of and interaction with people in the household due to work from home scenarios, shifting to the online world and adapting to the change, economic disturbances, absence of domestic help, managing parental responsibility, increased stress about one’s own and family members’ health and lack of social interaction have contributed to their inconvenience. Existing evidence supports that housewives have been experiencing burnout in their homes. This qualitative study was conducted to see how the added pressure of COVID – 19 and social isolation has affected housewives mentally, leading to burnout. This narrative study includes participants of Indian origin, between the ages of 34 to 50 years. Participants were shortlisted on the basis of their scores obtained on the COVID-19 Burnout Scale, designed by Murat Yıldırım and Fatma Solmaz. The themes generated through this research study are related to understanding the impact of burnout on the mental health of housewives along the areas of physical health, financial well-being, digitization, uncertainty regarding COVID-19, parental responsibilities, social & emotional health, relationship management, and coping mechanisms. The findings of this study suggest that the mental health of housewives has significantly worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic due to constant exposure to certain stressors.

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Socioeconomic status, social class, subjective social status, and subjective well-being: Examples of women’s appraisals of their health and work.

APA handbook of the psychology of women: History, theory, and battlegrounds (Vol. 1). ◽

10.1037/0000059-020 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 399-416

Author(s):

Karen Fraser Wyche ◽

Shari E. Miles-Cohen

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Social Class ◽

Social Status ◽

Well Being ◽

Subjective Social Status ◽

Subjective Well Being

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Stigma experienced by family members of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities: multidimensional construct

BJPsych Open ◽

10.1192/bjo.2018.39 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

pp. 332-338 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Natasha Mitter ◽

Afia Ali ◽

Katrina Scior

Keyword(s):

Developmental Disabilities ◽

Caregiver Burden ◽

Family Members ◽

Well Being ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Self Report ◽

Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Good Reliability ◽

The Impact

BackgroundThere is a lack of good-quality instruments measuring stigma experienced by family members of stigmatised people.AimsTo develop a self-report measure of stigma among families of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities and examine associations between family stigma and other variables.MethodThe new Family Stigma Instrument (FAMSI) was tested with 407 family carers, 53% of whose offspring had an autism spectrum disorder in addition to intellectual disability. They also completed measures of subjective well-being, caregiver burden, self-esteem and social support.ResultsThe FAMSI yielded a five-factor structure and had good reliability. Perceived family stigma, caregiver burden and subjective well-being were the strongest predictors of family stigma.ConclusionsThis instrument can advance our understanding of the impact of stigma on family members. It can also help us understand sociodemographic, psychosocial and contextual variables of both the carer and cared for person that may influence family members' experiences.Declaration of interestNone.

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Understanding Burnout in Indian Housewives Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic

10.31219/osf.io/wknzv ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Charvi Pareek ◽

Nandani Agarwal ◽

Yash Jain

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Emotional Health ◽

Family Relations ◽

Family Members ◽

Personal Space ◽

Well Being ◽

Frontline Workers ◽

Work From Home ◽

The World ◽

The Impact

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The Influence of Income and Social Capital on the Subjective Well-Being of Elderly Chinese People, Based on a Panel Survey

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12114786 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 4786 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Junhong Zhu ◽

Changyong Liang ◽

Jeffery Lucas ◽

Wenjuan Cheng ◽

Zhaoyang Zhao

Keyword(s):

Social Capital ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Social Trust ◽

Relative Income ◽

Well Being ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Rural Elderly ◽

Least Square ◽

Chinese Government ◽

Subjective Well Being

China has undergone many economic changes in the past four decades, and has seen an imbalance in economic development between rural and urban regions. Meanwhile, it also has an aging population. Using panel data on 3590 elderly residents aged between 60 and 95 in 28 provinces in China in 2015, this study explored older adults’ subjective well-being in terms of income, relative income, and social capital. The ordinary least square (OLS) regression results showed that the effect of actual income on subjective well-being was weak, and relative income and social capital had a significant effect on the happiness of urban and rural residents; however, there were substantial differences between urban and rural areas associated with economic inequality, social context, social security, and demographic characteristics. Expanding income inequality is contributing to decreased happiness of the rural elderly, while higher social trust and social interaction mitigate this negative influence. This paper also verified that relative income has a mediating or moderating effect on income and the subjective well-being of urban and rural elderly people. The evidence indicates that the Chinese government should pay more attention to reducing the income gap between and within urban and rural groups, and take advantage of social capital to improve the subjective well-being of the elderly population.

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The Impact of Welfare Facilities on Happiness of the Elderly: Evidence from Seoul, Korea

Journal of Planning Education and Research ◽

10.1177/0739456x19874112 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 0739456X1987411 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Danya Kim ◽

Jangik Jin

Keyword(s):

Fixed Effects ◽

Elderly Population ◽

Well Being ◽

The Elderly ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Time Specific ◽

The Impact ◽

The City ◽

Positive Effect

Across the world, there are growing concerns about how to care for an increasingly large elderly population. We explore how elderly welfare facilities influence seniors’ subjective well-being, focusing on the city of Seoul, Korea, using the 2005–2015 Seoul Survey data. Through pooled cross-sectional data analysis with time-specific and location-specific fixed-effects, we estimate the effect of the number of local welfare facilities on elderly subjective well-being. Our results show that elderly welfare facilities have a positive effect on elderly subjective well-being after controlling for endogeneity, but these facilities are more important for the more aged elderly and lower income elderly.

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And What About The Family Back Home? International Migration and Happiness In Cuenca, Ecuador

Journal of Business Strategies ◽

10.54155/jbs.27.1.7-27 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 7-27

Author(s):

Fernando Borraz ◽

Susan Pozo ◽

Maximo Rossi

Keyword(s):

International Migration ◽

Family Members ◽

Well Being ◽

Careful Analysis ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Left Behind ◽

The Family ◽

Cursory Examination ◽

And Migration ◽

The Impact

In this study we use data on subjective well being and migration of familymembers in Cuenca, one of Ecuador's largest cities, to examine the impact of migrationon the happiness of the family left behind. While a cursory examination of thedata suggests that the heads of households that have experienced the migration ofone or more family members are less happy, a more careful analysis reveals otherwise.Households that have been impacted by migration express equal levels of happinessas those households that have not been affected by migration. One plausibleexplanation for our finding is that the remittances that households receive followingthe migration of loved ones counteract the downsides to family emigration.

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